diff --git a/frontend/src/App.tsx b/frontend/src/App.tsx
index 444451e..52806ea 100644
--- a/frontend/src/App.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/App.tsx
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ function HomeView() {
       </div> : null}
       {error ? <div className="error-band"><span>{error}</span><button onClick={() => void reload()}>{ui(locale, "重试", "Retry")}</button></div> : null}
       {loading && !servers.length ? (
-        <div className={`loading-grid ${carrierLatency ? "carrier-latency" : ""}`}>{Array.from({ length: 8 }).map((_, index) => <span key={index} />)}</div>
+        <div className="dashboard-loading"><span className="loading-ring" aria-hidden="true" /><p>{ui(locale, "加载中…", "Loading…")}</p></div>
       ) : visible.length ? (
         <section className={`node-grid ${carrierLatency ? "carrier-latency" : ""}`}>
           {visible.map((server) => <NodeCard key={server.id} server={server} config={config} onOpen={() => openServer(server)} />)}
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/AdminPanel.tsx b/frontend/src/components/AdminPanel.tsx
index a81ebd8..2596506 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/AdminPanel.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/AdminPanel.tsx
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ import {
   Check,
   ExternalLink,
 } from "lucide-react";
-import { DragEvent, FormEvent, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react";
+import { ChangeEvent, DragEvent, FormEvent, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react";
 import { ADMIN_UNAUTHORIZED_EVENT, api, ApiError, getToken, setToken } from "../api";
-import { isOnline } from "../format";
+import { formatByteSize, isOnline, parseByteSize } from "../format";
 import { derivePassword } from "../password";
 import { ASSET_CURRENCIES, type AdminServer, type CloudflareUsage, type Config, type DatabaseStats, type ExchangeRates, type ServerInput, type Settings, type Theme, type ThemeSettingField, type ThemeSettingsSchema, type ThemeSettingValue } from "../types";
 import { Checkbox } from "./Checkbox";
@@ -119,6 +119,46 @@ function toInput(server: AdminServer): ServerInput {
   };
 }
 
+// 计费周期下拉预设；存量节点里的自定义天数会以「N 天」选项追加在后面。
+const BILLING_CYCLES: Array<{ days: number; label: string }> = [
+  { days: 30, label: "月" },
+  { days: 90, label: "季" },
+  { days: 180, label: "半年" },
+  { days: 365, label: "年" },
+  { days: 0, label: "一次性" },
+];
+
+// 流量限额输入："-1" 表示不限，其余按字节单位解析。
+function parseTrafficLimit(raw: string): number | null {
+  return raw.trim() === "-1" ? -1 : parseByteSize(raw);
+}
+
+// last_ip 来自 CF-Connecting-IP，是裸 IP；v6 带冒号，v4 是四段数字。
+function ipFamily(ip: string): "v4" | "v6" | null {
+  const value = ip.trim();
+  if (!value) return null;
+  if (value.includes(":")) return "v6";
+  return /^\d{1,3}(?:\.\d{1,3}){3}$/.test(value) ? "v4" : null;
+}
+
+function ServerIpMeta({ ip, agentVersion, onCopy }: { ip: string; agentVersion: string | null; onCopy: (ip: string) => void }) {
+  const family = ipFamily(ip);
+  return (
+    <div className="server-name-meta">
+      {family ? (
+        <>
+          <span className={`ip-badge ${family}`}>{family === "v6" ? "IPv6" : "IPv4"}</span>
+          <button type="button" className="ip-value" title={`点击复制：${ip}`} onClick={() => onCopy(ip)}>{ip}</button>
+        </>
+      ) : (
+        <span className="meta-item">{ip || "尚未上报 IP"}</span>
+      )}
+      <span className="meta-dot">·</span>
+      <span className="meta-item">{agentVersion ? `Agent v${agentVersion}` : "Agent 未上报版本"}</span>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
 function formatDate(value: number | null) {
   return value ? new Date(value * 1000).toISOString().slice(0, 10) : "";
 }
@@ -172,8 +212,12 @@ export function AdminPanel({
   const [editing, setEditing] = useState<AdminServer | "new" | null>(null);
   const [form, setForm] = useState<ServerInput>(emptyServer);
   const [install, setInstall] = useState<AgentInstallInfo | null>(null);
-  const [rxCurrentGb, setRxCurrentGb] = useState("0");
-  const [txCurrentGb, setTxCurrentGb] = useState("0");
+  const [priceText, setPriceText] = useState("0");
+  const [trafficLimitText, setTrafficLimitText] = useState("0");
+  const [rxCurrentText, setRxCurrentText] = useState("0");
+  const [txCurrentText, setTxCurrentText] = useState("0");
+  const [rxCurrentBytes, setRxCurrentBytes] = useState(0);
+  const [txCurrentBytes, setTxCurrentBytes] = useState(0);
   const [rxBaseBytes, setRxBaseBytes] = useState(0);
   const [txBaseBytes, setTxBaseBytes] = useState(0);
   const [installPlatform, setInstallPlatform] = useState<AgentPlatform>("linux");
@@ -247,24 +291,51 @@ export function AdminPanel({
   function openEditor(server?: AdminServer) {
     setEditing(server ?? "new");
     setForm(server ? toInput(server) : { ...emptyServer });
+    setPriceText(server ? String(server.price) : "0");
+    setTrafficLimitText(formatByteSize(server?.traffic_limit ?? 0));
     // 修正值输入展示“当前累计用量”（已上报 + 已修正），保存时换算回差值。
-    const rxBase = server ? (server.net_rx_total ?? 0) - server.rx_correction : 0;
-    const txBase = server ? (server.net_tx_total ?? 0) - server.tx_correction : 0;
-    setRxCurrentGb(((server ? (server.net_rx_total ?? 0) : 0) / 1024 ** 3).toFixed(2));
-    setTxCurrentGb(((server ? (server.net_tx_total ?? 0) : 0) / 1024 ** 3).toFixed(2));
-    setRxBaseBytes(rxBase);
-    setTxBaseBytes(txBase);
+    const rxCurrent = server?.net_rx_total ?? 0;
+    const txCurrent = server?.net_tx_total ?? 0;
+    setRxCurrentText(formatByteSize(rxCurrent));
+    setTxCurrentText(formatByteSize(txCurrent));
+    setRxCurrentBytes(rxCurrent);
+    setTxCurrentBytes(txCurrent);
+    setRxBaseBytes(rxCurrent - (server?.rx_correction ?? 0));
+    setTxBaseBytes(txCurrent - (server?.tx_correction ?? 0));
     setError("");
   }
 
+  // 价格框放行 "-"、"1." 这类数字骨架中间态，能解析出数字才提交到表单。
+  function updatePriceText(raw: string) {
+    if (!/^-?\d*\.?\d*$/.test(raw)) return;
+    setPriceText(raw);
+    const parsed = Number(raw);
+    if (Number.isFinite(parsed)) updateForm("price", parsed);
+  }
+
+  // 带单位输入（如 100 G / 0.5 T）：解析不了的中间态留在框里，失焦回显最后一次有效值。
+  function sizeInputProps(text: string, setText: (value: string) => void, commit: (bytes: number) => void, current: number, parse: (raw: string) => number | null = parseByteSize) {
+    return {
+      value: text,
+      inputMode: "decimal" as const,
+      onChange: (event: ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => {
+        const raw = event.target.value;
+        setText(raw);
+        const parsed = parse(raw);
+        if (parsed !== null) commit(parsed);
+      },
+      onBlur: () => setText(formatByteSize(current)),
+    };
+  }
+
   async function saveServer(event: FormEvent) {
     event.preventDefault();
     setBusy(true);
     setError("");
     const payload: ServerInput = {
       ...form,
-      rx_correction: Math.round(((Number(rxCurrentGb) || 0) * 1024 ** 3) - rxBaseBytes),
-      tx_correction: Math.round(((Number(txCurrentGb) || 0) * 1024 ** 3) - txBaseBytes),
+      rx_correction: Math.round(rxCurrentBytes - rxBaseBytes),
+      tx_correction: Math.round(txCurrentBytes - txBaseBytes),
     };
     try {
       if (editing === "new") {
@@ -320,6 +391,15 @@ export function AdminPanel({
     }
   }
 
+  async function copyServerIp(ip: string) {
+    try {
+      await navigator.clipboard.writeText(ip);
+      setNotice("IP 已复制");
+    } catch {
+      setError("复制失败，请手动选择复制");
+    }
+  }
+
   async function move(index: number, offset: number) {
     const target = index + offset;
     if (target < 0 || target >= servers.length) return;
@@ -578,7 +658,7 @@ export function AdminPanel({
                         <button type="button" className="drag-handle" draggable onDragStart={(event) => startDrag(event, server.id)} onDragEnd={() => setDraggingId("")} title={`拖动排序：${server.name}`}><GripVertical size={15} /></button>
                         <Checkbox checked={selectedIds.includes(server.id)} onChange={() => toggleSelected(server.id)} ariaLabel={`选择 ${server.name}`} />
                         <span className={`status-dot ${settings && isOnline(server, settings.offline_threshold_seconds) ? "online" : ""}`} />
-                        <div className="server-name"><div className="server-name-main"><Flag region={server.region} size={17} /><strong>{server.name}</strong><small>{server.last_ip || "尚未上报 IP"} · {server.agent_version ? `Agent v${server.agent_version}` : "Agent 未上报版本"}</small></div></div>
+                        <div className="server-name"><div className="server-name-main"><Flag region={server.region} size={17} /><strong>{server.name}</strong></div><ServerIpMeta ip={server.last_ip} agentVersion={server.agent_version} onCopy={(value) => void copyServerIp(value)} /></div>
                         <div className="row-actions"><button className="icon-btn" disabled={index === 0} onClick={() => void move(index, -1)} title="上移"><ChevronUp size={15} /></button><button className="icon-btn" disabled={index === servers.length - 1} onClick={() => void move(index, 1)} title="下移"><ChevronDown size={15} /></button><button className="icon-btn" disabled={busy} onClick={() => void showInstallCommand(server)} title="显示安装命令"><Download size={15} /></button><button className="icon-btn" onClick={() => openEditor(server)} title="编辑节点"><Pencil size={15} /></button><button className="icon-btn danger" onClick={() => void remove(server)} title="删除节点"><Trash2 size={15} /></button></div>
                       </div>
                     ))}
@@ -655,7 +735,7 @@ export function AdminPanel({
                     <div className="data-stat-grid">{database ? <><DataStat label="节点" value={database.server_count} /><DataStat label="在线" value={database.online_count} /><DataStat label="历史行数" value={database.history_rows.toLocaleString()} /></> : <p className="settings-hint">正在读取数据库统计...</p>}</div>
                     <div className="usage-section">
                       <div className="usage-head"><div><div className="section-title"><Coins size={15} />每日汇率</div><p className="settings-hint">{exchangeRates ? `${exchangeRates.source} · ${exchangeRates.date || "等待首次更新"}${exchangeRates.stale ? " · 数据待更新" : ""}` : "正在读取 D1 汇率快照"}</p></div><button type="button" className="secondary-btn compact" disabled={busy} onClick={() => void refreshExchangeRates()}><RotateCw size={15} />立即更新</button></div>
-                      {exchangeRates ? <div className="usage-table-wrap"><table className="usage-table"><thead><tr><th>币种</th><th>1 CNY 可兑换</th></tr></thead><tbody>{ASSET_CURRENCIES.map((currency) => <tr key={currency}><th scope="row">{currency}</th><td>{exchangeRates.rates[currency]?.toLocaleString(undefined, { maximumFractionDigits: 6 }) ?? "--"}</td></tr>)}</tbody></table></div> : <div className="usage-empty">尚未读取</div>}
+                      {exchangeRates ? <div className="usage-table-wrap"><table className="usage-table"><thead><tr><th>币种</th><th>1 CNY 可兑换</th></tr></thead><tbody>{ASSET_CURRENCIES.filter((currency) => currency !== "CNY").map((currency) => <tr key={currency}><th scope="row">{currency}</th><td>{exchangeRates.rates[currency]?.toLocaleString(undefined, { maximumFractionDigits: 6 }) ?? "--"}</td></tr>)}</tbody></table></div> : <div className="usage-empty">尚未读取</div>}
                     </div>
                     <div className="usage-section">
                       <div className="usage-head"><div><div className="section-title"><Cloud size={15} />Cloudflare 用量</div><p className="settings-hint">统计周期使用 UTC</p></div><button type="button" className="secondary-btn compact" disabled={busy} onClick={() => void loadCloudflareUsage()}><RotateCw size={15} />{cloudflareUsage ? "刷新用量" : "查询用量"}</button></div>
@@ -686,10 +766,10 @@ export function AdminPanel({
       {editing ? <div className="submodal-backdrop" role="presentation" onMouseDown={serverDialog.onBackdropMouseDown}><form ref={serverDialog.dialogRef} className="editor-modal glass-panel" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="server-editor-title" tabIndex={-1} onSubmit={saveServer}>
         <header><div><span className="eyebrow">节点配置</span><h3 id="server-editor-title">{editing === "new" ? "添加节点" : `编辑 · ${editing.name}`}</h3></div></header>
         <div className="form-grid"><label><span>名称</span><input autoFocus required value={form.name} onChange={(event) => updateForm("name", event.target.value)} /></label><label><span>地区代码</span><input maxLength={16} placeholder="CN / JP / DE" value={form.region} onChange={(event) => updateForm("region", event.target.value.toUpperCase())} /></label><label><span>分组</span><input value={form.group_name} onChange={(event) => updateForm("group_name", event.target.value)} /></label><label><span>标签</span><input placeholder="主力, 线路:BGP" value={form.tags} onChange={(event) => updateForm("tags", event.target.value)} /></label></div>
-        <div className="form-grid three"><label><span>流量限额（GB）</span><input min="0" type="number" value={Math.round(form.traffic_limit / 1024 ** 3)} onChange={(event) => updateForm("traffic_limit", Number(event.target.value) * 1024 ** 3)} /></label><label><span>流量口径</span><select value={form.traffic_limit_type} onChange={(event) => updateForm("traffic_limit_type", event.target.value as ServerInput["traffic_limit_type"])}><option value="sum">上下行合计</option><option value="max">取较大值</option><option value="min">取较小值</option><option value="up">仅上行</option><option value="down">仅下行</option></select></label><label><span>流量重置日</span><input min="1" max="31" type="number" value={form.reset_day} onChange={(event) => updateForm("reset_day", Number(event.target.value))} /></label></div>
-        <div className="form-grid three"><label><span>价格（0 隐藏，-1 免费）</span><input min="-1" step="0.01" type="number" value={form.price} onChange={(event) => updateForm("price", Number(event.target.value))} /></label><label><span>币种</span><select value={form.currency} onChange={(event) => updateForm("currency", event.target.value)}>{ASSET_CURRENCIES.map((code) => <option key={code}>{code}</option>)}</select></label><label><span>计费周期（天）</span><input min="1" max="3650" type="number" value={form.billing_cycle} onChange={(event) => updateForm("billing_cycle", Number(event.target.value))} /></label></div>
+        <div className="form-grid three"><label><span>流量限额（-1 不限）</span><input placeholder="如 100 G，不带单位按 GB" {...sizeInputProps(trafficLimitText, setTrafficLimitText, (bytes) => updateForm("traffic_limit", bytes), form.traffic_limit, parseTrafficLimit)} /></label><label><span>流量口径</span><select value={form.traffic_limit_type} onChange={(event) => updateForm("traffic_limit_type", event.target.value as ServerInput["traffic_limit_type"])}><option value="sum">上下行合计</option><option value="max">取较大值</option><option value="min">取较小值</option><option value="up">仅上行</option><option value="down">仅下行</option></select></label><label><span>流量重置日</span><input min="1" max="31" type="number" value={form.reset_day} onChange={(event) => updateForm("reset_day", Number(event.target.value))} /></label></div>
+        <div className="form-grid three"><label><span>价格（0 隐藏，-1 免费）</span><input inputMode="decimal" value={priceText} onChange={(event) => updatePriceText(event.target.value)} onBlur={() => setPriceText(String(form.price))} /></label><label><span>币种</span><select value={form.currency} onChange={(event) => updateForm("currency", event.target.value)}>{ASSET_CURRENCIES.map((code) => <option key={code}>{code}</option>)}</select></label><label><span>计费周期</span><select value={String(form.billing_cycle)} onChange={(event) => updateForm("billing_cycle", Number(event.target.value))}>{BILLING_CYCLES.map((cycle) => <option key={cycle.days} value={cycle.days}>{cycle.label}</option>)}{BILLING_CYCLES.every((cycle) => cycle.days !== form.billing_cycle) ? <option value={form.billing_cycle}>{form.billing_cycle} 天</option> : null}</select></label></div>
         <div className="form-grid three"><label><span>到期日期</span><input type="date" value={formatDate(form.expires_at)} onChange={(event) => updateForm("expires_at", event.target.value ? Math.floor(new Date(`${event.target.value}T00:00:00Z`).getTime() / 1000) : null)} /></label><label><span>Agent 上报间隔（秒）</span><input min="15" max="3600" type="number" value={form.report_interval} onChange={(event) => updateForm("report_interval", Number(event.target.value))} /></label><label><span>指标采样间隔（秒）</span><input min="1" max="60" type="number" value={form.collect_interval} onChange={(event) => updateForm("collect_interval", Number(event.target.value))} /></label></div>
-        <div className="form-grid"><label><span>统计网卡（逗号分隔，留空自动）</span><input value={form.network_interface} onChange={(event) => updateForm("network_interface", event.target.value)} placeholder="eth0,ens3" /></label><label><span>下行流量当前值（GB）</span><input min="0" step="0.1" type="number" value={rxCurrentGb} onChange={(event) => setRxCurrentGb(event.target.value)} /></label><label><span>上行流量当前值（GB）</span><input min="0" step="0.1" type="number" value={txCurrentGb} onChange={(event) => setTxCurrentGb(event.target.value)} /></label><label><span>Agent 下载加速（可选）</span><input value={form.agent_mirror} onChange={(event) => updateForm("agent_mirror", event.target.value.trim())} placeholder="https://ghproxy.net" /></label></div>
+        <div className="form-grid"><label><span>统计网卡（逗号分隔，留空自动）</span><input value={form.network_interface} onChange={(event) => updateForm("network_interface", event.target.value)} placeholder="eth0,ens3" /></label><label><span>下行流量当前值</span><input placeholder="如 500 G" {...sizeInputProps(rxCurrentText, setRxCurrentText, setRxCurrentBytes, rxCurrentBytes)} /></label><label><span>上行流量当前值</span><input placeholder="如 500 G" {...sizeInputProps(txCurrentText, setTxCurrentText, setTxCurrentBytes, txCurrentBytes)} /></label><label><span>Agent 下载加速（可选）</span><input value={form.agent_mirror} onChange={(event) => updateForm("agent_mirror", event.target.value.trim())} placeholder="https://ghproxy.net" /></label></div>
         <div className="settings-toggles editor-toggles"><Toggle label="自动续费" checked={form.auto_renewal} onChange={(value) => updateForm("auto_renewal", value)} /><Toggle label="Agent 自动更新" checked={form.auto_update} onChange={(value) => updateForm("auto_update", value)} /><Toggle label="隐藏节点" checked={form.hidden} onChange={(value) => updateForm("hidden", value)} /><Toggle label="关闭离线告警" checked={form.offline_notify_disabled} onChange={(value) => updateForm("offline_notify_disabled", value)} /></div>
         <div className="form-actions"><button type="button" className="secondary-btn" onClick={() => setEditing(null)}>取消</button><button className="primary-btn" disabled={busy}><Save size={15} />保存节点</button></div>
       </form></div> : null}
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/NodeCard.tsx b/frontend/src/components/NodeCard.tsx
index 2837b80..f53a04d 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/NodeCard.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/NodeCard.tsx
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ import {
   isOnline,
   number,
   percent,
-  timeAgo,
   trafficUsed,
 } from "../format";
 import type { Config, Server } from "../types";
@@ -114,6 +113,7 @@ export function NodeCard({ server, config, onOpen }: { server: Server; config: C
   const carrierEmpty = quality.loading
     ? ui(locale, "加载中", "Loading")
     : ui(locale, "未匹配到线路", "No lines matched");
+  const lastUpdated = new Date(number(server.timestamp) * 1000).toLocaleString(locale, { month: "2-digit", day: "2-digit", hour: "2-digit", minute: "2-digit", hour12: false });
 
   // 名字后面带上在线状态：卡片是 <button>，子树被裁掉，这个 aria-label 是读屏唯一能拿到的字符串。
   // 状态在视觉上只由 status-dot 的颜色表达（WCAG 1.4.1 靠颜色传达信息），这里补成文字。
@@ -129,9 +129,7 @@ export function NodeCard({ server, config, onOpen }: { server: Server; config: C
 
       <div className="node-body">
         <div className="node-chips">
-          {config.show_uptime ? <span>{online
-            ? ui(locale, `在线 ${Math.floor(number(server.uptime) / 86400)} 天`, `Online ${Math.floor(number(server.uptime) / 86400)} days`)
-            : ui(locale, `离线 · ${timeAgo(server.timestamp, locale)}`, `Offline · ${timeAgo(server.timestamp, locale)}`)}</span> : null}
+          {config.show_uptime ? <span>{ui(locale, `在线 ${Math.floor(number(server.uptime) / 86400)} 天`, `Online ${Math.floor(number(server.uptime) / 86400)} days`)}</span> : null}
           {config.show_price && price ? <span title={price}>{price}</span> : null}
         </div>
 
@@ -147,15 +145,15 @@ export function NodeCard({ server, config, onOpen }: { server: Server; config: C
             里面加什么都读不到，所以移除而不是修补。读屏用户拿不到这些数值，真正的出路是
             把卡片从 <button> 改成内容 + 覆盖层按钮，会动 CSS 和焦点行为，暂未做。 */}
         <div className={`data-grid ${showExpiryPanel ? "" : "two-columns"}`}>
-          <div className="data-panel">
+          <div className="data-panel" title={ui(locale, "实时速率", "Live speed")}>
             <CompactLine icon={<ChevronUp size={11} />} tone="success-text">{formatSpeed(server.net_out)}</CompactLine>
             <CompactLine icon={<ChevronDown size={11} />} tone="info-text">{formatSpeed(server.net_in)}</CompactLine>
           </div>
-          <div className="data-panel">
+          <div className="data-panel" title={ui(locale, "累计流量", "Total traffic")}>
             <CompactLine icon={<Upload size={11} />}>{formatBytes(server.net_tx_total)}</CompactLine>
             <CompactLine icon={<Download size={11} />}>{formatBytes(server.net_rx_total)}</CompactLine>
           </div>
-          {showExpiryPanel ? <div className="data-panel">
+          {showExpiryPanel ? <div className="data-panel" title={ui(locale, "剩余周期", "Billing cycle")}>
             {config.show_expiry ? <CompactLine icon={<CalendarDays size={11} />}>{formatExpire(server, locale)}</CompactLine> : null}
             {config.show_price ? <CompactLine icon={<Coins size={11} />}>{server.price === -1
               ? ui(locale, "免费", "Free")
@@ -172,6 +170,13 @@ export function NodeCard({ server, config, onOpen }: { server: Server; config: C
             <QualityPanel label={ui(locale, "丢包", "Packet loss")} value={quality.lossDisplay} bars={quality.lossBars} />
           </>}
         </div> : null}
+
+        {!online ? <div className="node-offline-overlay" aria-hidden="true">
+          <span>{ui(locale, "离线", "Offline")}</span>
+          <small>{server.timestamp
+            ? ui(locale, `最后更新 ${lastUpdated}`, `Last update ${lastUpdated}`)
+            : ui(locale, "暂无更新时间", "No update yet")}</small>
+        </div> : null}
       </div>
     </button>
   );
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/NodeDetails.tsx b/frontend/src/components/NodeDetails.tsx
index aeb8ba3..d8d0c9b 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/NodeDetails.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/NodeDetails.tsx
@@ -132,7 +132,6 @@ interface LatencyChartPoint {
 
 interface LoadChartPoint {
   timestamp: number;
-  time: string;
   cpu: number | null;
   mem_used: number | null;
   mem_total: number;
@@ -150,19 +149,12 @@ function insertLatencyGaps(points: LatencyChartPoint[], hours: number): LatencyC
   );
 }
 
-function loadChartTime(timestamp: number, hours: number, locale: "zh-CN" | "en"): string {
-  return new Date(timestamp * 1000).toLocaleString(locale, hours >= 24
-    ? { month: "2-digit", day: "2-digit", hour: "2-digit", minute: "2-digit", hour12: false }
-    : { hour: "2-digit", minute: "2-digit", hour12: false });
-}
-
-function insertLoadGaps(points: HistoryPoint[], hours: number, locale: "zh-CN" | "en"): LoadChartPoint[] {
+function insertLoadGaps(points: HistoryPoint[], hours: number): LoadChartPoint[] {
   const mapped = points
     .filter((point) => Number.isFinite(point.timestamp) && point.timestamp > 0)
     .sort((left, right) => left.timestamp - right.timestamp)
     .map((point) => ({
-      timestamp: point.timestamp,
-      time: loadChartTime(point.timestamp, hours, locale),
+      timestamp: point.timestamp * 1000,
       cpu: Number.isFinite(point.cpu) ? point.cpu : null,
       mem_used: Number.isFinite(point.mem_used) ? point.mem_used : null,
       mem_total: Math.max(0, number(point.mem_total)),
@@ -171,13 +163,10 @@ function insertLoadGaps(points: HistoryPoint[], hours: number, locale: "zh-CN" |
       net_in: Number.isFinite(point.net_in) ? point.net_in : null,
       net_out: Number.isFinite(point.net_out) ? point.net_out : null,
     }));
-  // Load history keeps second-resolution timestamps, so the gap bounds are
-  // the millisecond limits divided back down.
   return insertTimelineGaps(
     mapped,
     (timestamp) => ({
       timestamp,
-      time: "",
       cpu: null,
       mem_used: null,
       mem_total: 0,
@@ -186,7 +175,7 @@ function insertLoadGaps(points: HistoryPoint[], hours: number, locale: "zh-CN" |
       net_in: null,
       net_out: null,
     }),
-    { minGap: 10, maxGap: chartGapLimit(hours) / 1000 },
+    { minGap: 10_000, maxGap: chartGapLimit(hours) },
   );
 }
 
@@ -241,12 +230,6 @@ export function NodeDetails({ server, liveLatencyResults, threshold, retentionDa
     return () => { active = false; };
   }, [server.id, loadHours, demo, locale]);
 
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (demo || loadHours !== 0) return;
-    const point = historyPointFromServer(server);
-    if (point) setPoints((current) => appendRealtimePoint(current, point));
-  }, [demo, loadHours, server]);
-
   useEffect(() => {
     setLatencyLoading(true);
     setLatencyError("");
@@ -331,8 +314,15 @@ export function NodeDetails({ server, liveLatencyResults, threshold, retentionDa
   const hours = chartType === "load" ? loadHours : latencyHours;
   const loadChartHours = loadHours === 0 ? 1 : loadHours;
   const data = useMemo(
-    () => insertLoadGaps(points, loadChartHours, locale),
-    [loadChartHours, locale, points],
+    () => insertLoadGaps(points, loadChartHours),
+    [loadChartHours, points],
+  );
+  // 有时间范围时钉住整段窗口，部分数据也保持真实比例；实时档跟随数据自适应
+  // （与延迟图、Komari 原版一致）。points 进 deps 是为了在数据落位后重算
+  // domain，慢查询时末端不会被裁掉。
+  const loadTimeRange = useMemo(
+    () => (loadHours === 0 ? null : chartTimeRange(loadChartHours)),
+    [loadChartHours, loadHours, points],
   );
   const latencySeries = useMemo(() => {
     return latencyTasks.map((task, index) => {
@@ -426,16 +416,16 @@ export function NodeDetails({ server, liveLatencyResults, threshold, retentionDa
         {chartType === "load" && loadLoading ? <div className="chart-loading">{ui(locale, "正在读取历史数据", "Loading history")}</div> : chartType === "latency" && latencyLoading ? <div className="chart-loading">{ui(locale, "正在读取延迟数据", "Loading latency")}</div> : chartType === "load" && !data.length ? <div className="chart-loading">{ui(locale, "暂无历史数据", "No history")}</div> : chartType === "load" ? (
           <div className="detail-charts-grid">
             <ChartCard title="CPU" value={`${number(last.cpu).toFixed(1)}%`}>
-              <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height="100%"><AreaChart data={data}><CartesianGrid stroke="var(--chart-grid)" strokeDasharray="3 3" /><XAxis dataKey="time" tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} minTickGap={30} /><YAxis domain={[0, 100]} tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} width={36} /><Tooltip contentStyle={tooltipStyle} formatter={(value) => [`${Number(value).toFixed(1)}%`, "CPU"]} /><Area type="monotone" dataKey="cpu" stroke="var(--danger-bar)" fill="var(--danger-bar)" fillOpacity={0.15} strokeWidth={2} dot={false} isAnimationActive={false} /></AreaChart></ResponsiveContainer>
+              <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height="100%"><AreaChart data={data}><CartesianGrid stroke="var(--chart-grid)" strokeDasharray="3 3" /><XAxis dataKey="timestamp" type="number" domain={loadTimeRange ? loadTimeRange.domain : undefined} ticks={loadTimeRange?.ticks} allowDataOverflow={loadHours > 0} tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} minTickGap={30} tickFormatter={(value) => chartTimeLabel(Number(value), loadChartHours, locale)} /><YAxis domain={[0, 100]} tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} width={36} /><Tooltip contentStyle={tooltipStyle} labelFormatter={(value) => chartTimeLabel(Number(value), loadChartHours, locale)} formatter={(value) => [`${Number(value).toFixed(1)}%`, "CPU"]} /><Area type="monotone" dataKey="cpu" stroke="var(--danger-bar)" fill="var(--danger-bar)" fillOpacity={0.15} strokeWidth={2} dot={false} isAnimationActive={false} /></AreaChart></ResponsiveContainer>
             </ChartCard>
             <ChartCard title={ui(locale, "内存", "Memory")} value={`${formatBytes(last.mem_used)} / ${formatBytes(last.mem_total)}`}>
-              <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height="100%"><AreaChart data={data}><CartesianGrid stroke="var(--chart-grid)" strokeDasharray="3 3" /><XAxis dataKey="time" tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} minTickGap={30} /><YAxis domain={[0, last.mem_total]} ticks={resourceTicks(last.mem_total)} tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} width={56} tickFormatter={(value) => formatBytes(Number(value), 0)} /><Tooltip contentStyle={tooltipStyle} formatter={(value) => [formatBytes(Number(value)), "内存"]} /><Area type="monotone" dataKey="mem_used" stroke="var(--primary)" fill="var(--primary)" fillOpacity={0.15} strokeWidth={2} dot={false} isAnimationActive={false} /></AreaChart></ResponsiveContainer>
+              <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height="100%"><AreaChart data={data}><CartesianGrid stroke="var(--chart-grid)" strokeDasharray="3 3" /><XAxis dataKey="timestamp" type="number" domain={loadTimeRange ? loadTimeRange.domain : undefined} ticks={loadTimeRange?.ticks} allowDataOverflow={loadHours > 0} tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} minTickGap={30} tickFormatter={(value) => chartTimeLabel(Number(value), loadChartHours, locale)} /><YAxis domain={[0, last.mem_total]} ticks={resourceTicks(last.mem_total)} tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} width={56} tickFormatter={(value) => formatBytes(Number(value), 0)} /><Tooltip contentStyle={tooltipStyle} labelFormatter={(value) => chartTimeLabel(Number(value), loadChartHours, locale)} formatter={(value) => [formatBytes(Number(value)), "内存"]} /><Area type="monotone" dataKey="mem_used" stroke="var(--primary)" fill="var(--primary)" fillOpacity={0.15} strokeWidth={2} dot={false} isAnimationActive={false} /></AreaChart></ResponsiveContainer>
             </ChartCard>
             <ChartCard title={ui(locale, "硬盘", "Disk")} value={`${formatBytes(last.disk_used)} / ${formatBytes(last.disk_total)}`}>
-              <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height="100%"><AreaChart data={data}><CartesianGrid stroke="var(--chart-grid)" strokeDasharray="3 3" /><XAxis dataKey="time" tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} minTickGap={30} /><YAxis domain={[0, last.disk_total]} ticks={resourceTicks(last.disk_total)} tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} width={56} tickFormatter={(value) => formatBytes(Number(value), 0)} /><Tooltip contentStyle={tooltipStyle} formatter={(value) => [formatBytes(Number(value)), "硬盘"]} /><Area type="monotone" dataKey="disk_used" stroke="var(--warning-bar)" fill="var(--warning-bar)" fillOpacity={0.15} strokeWidth={2} dot={false} isAnimationActive={false} /></AreaChart></ResponsiveContainer>
+              <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height="100%"><AreaChart data={data}><CartesianGrid stroke="var(--chart-grid)" strokeDasharray="3 3" /><XAxis dataKey="timestamp" type="number" domain={loadTimeRange ? loadTimeRange.domain : undefined} ticks={loadTimeRange?.ticks} allowDataOverflow={loadHours > 0} tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} minTickGap={30} tickFormatter={(value) => chartTimeLabel(Number(value), loadChartHours, locale)} /><YAxis domain={[0, last.disk_total]} ticks={resourceTicks(last.disk_total)} tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} width={56} tickFormatter={(value) => formatBytes(Number(value), 0)} /><Tooltip contentStyle={tooltipStyle} labelFormatter={(value) => chartTimeLabel(Number(value), loadChartHours, locale)} formatter={(value) => [formatBytes(Number(value)), "硬盘"]} /><Area type="monotone" dataKey="disk_used" stroke="var(--warning-bar)" fill="var(--warning-bar)" fillOpacity={0.15} strokeWidth={2} dot={false} isAnimationActive={false} /></AreaChart></ResponsiveContainer>
             </ChartCard>
             <ChartCard title={ui(locale, "网络", "Network")} value={`↑ ${formatSpeed(last.net_out)}  ↓ ${formatSpeed(last.net_in)}`}>
-              <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height="100%"><AreaChart data={data}><CartesianGrid stroke="var(--chart-grid)" strokeDasharray="3 3" /><XAxis dataKey="time" tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} minTickGap={30} /><YAxis tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} width={48} tickFormatter={(value) => formatBytes(Number(value), 0)} /><Tooltip contentStyle={tooltipStyle} formatter={(value, name) => [formatSpeed(Number(value)), name === "net_out" ? "上行" : "下行"]} /><Area type="monotone" dataKey="net_out" stroke="var(--success-bar)" fill="var(--success-bar)" fillOpacity={0.12} strokeWidth={2} dot={false} isAnimationActive={false} /><Area type="monotone" dataKey="net_in" stroke="var(--info)" fill="var(--info)" fillOpacity={0.1} strokeWidth={2} dot={false} isAnimationActive={false} /></AreaChart></ResponsiveContainer>
+              <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height="100%"><AreaChart data={data}><CartesianGrid stroke="var(--chart-grid)" strokeDasharray="3 3" /><XAxis dataKey="timestamp" type="number" domain={loadTimeRange ? loadTimeRange.domain : undefined} ticks={loadTimeRange?.ticks} allowDataOverflow={loadHours > 0} tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} minTickGap={30} tickFormatter={(value) => chartTimeLabel(Number(value), loadChartHours, locale)} /><YAxis tick={{ fontSize: 10 }} width={48} tickFormatter={(value) => formatBytes(Number(value), 0)} /><Tooltip contentStyle={tooltipStyle} labelFormatter={(value) => chartTimeLabel(Number(value), loadChartHours, locale)} formatter={(value, name) => [formatSpeed(Number(value)), name === "net_out" ? "上行" : "下行"]} /><Area type="monotone" dataKey="net_out" stroke="var(--success-bar)" fill="var(--success-bar)" fillOpacity={0.12} strokeWidth={2} dot={false} isAnimationActive={false} /><Area type="monotone" dataKey="net_in" stroke="var(--info)" fill="var(--info)" fillOpacity={0.1} strokeWidth={2} dot={false} isAnimationActive={false} /></AreaChart></ResponsiveContainer>
             </ChartCard>
           </div>
         ) : (
diff --git a/frontend/src/format.test.ts b/frontend/src/format.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1055091
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/format.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
+import { formatByteSize, formatPrice, parseByteSize } from "./format";
+
+describe("parseByteSize", () => {
+  test("accepts manual units and defaults to GB", () => {
+    expect(parseByteSize("100 G")).toBe(100 * 1024 ** 3);
+    expect(parseByteSize("0.5T")).toBe(0.5 * 1024 ** 4);
+    expect(parseByteSize("512 m")).toBe(512 * 1024 ** 2);
+    expect(parseByteSize("2048 kb")).toBe(2048 * 1024);
+    expect(parseByteSize("200")).toBe(200 * 1024 ** 3);
+  });
+
+  test("rejects malformed input", () => {
+    expect(parseByteSize("100 X")).toBeNull();
+    expect(parseByteSize("abc")).toBeNull();
+    expect(parseByteSize("")).toBeNull();
+    expect(parseByteSize("-5 G")).toBeNull();
+    expect(parseByteSize("-1")).toBeNull();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("formatByteSize", () => {
+  test("round-trips through parseByteSize", () => {
+    for (const bytes of [0, 512 * 1024 ** 2, 100 * 1024 ** 3, 2 * 1024 ** 4]) {
+      expect(parseByteSize(formatByteSize(bytes))).toBe(bytes);
+    }
+  });
+
+  test("passes the unlimited sentinel through unchanged", () => {
+    expect(formatByteSize(-1)).toBe("-1");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("formatPrice", () => {
+  test("renders free, hidden and one-time cycles", () => {
+    expect(formatPrice({ price: -1, billing_cycle: 30, currency: "CNY" })).toBe("免费");
+    expect(formatPrice({ price: 0, billing_cycle: 30, currency: "CNY" })).toBe("");
+    expect(formatPrice({ price: 5, billing_cycle: 0, currency: "CNY" })).toBe("¥5 / 一次性");
+    expect(formatPrice({ price: 5, billing_cycle: 365, currency: "CNY" })).toBe("¥5 / 年");
+  });
+});
diff --git a/frontend/src/format.ts b/frontend/src/format.ts
index 676a6ae..a8959b0 100644
--- a/frontend/src/format.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/format.ts
@@ -22,6 +22,35 @@ export function formatSpeed(value: number | null | undefined) {
   return `${formatBytes(value)}/s`;
 }
 
+// 节点编辑框的手动单位输入："100 G"、"0.5 T"；不带单位按 GB。
+const BYTE_UNIT_FACTORS: Record<string, number> = {
+  "": 1024 ** 3,
+  b: 1,
+  k: 1024, kb: 1024, kib: 1024,
+  m: 1024 ** 2, mb: 1024 ** 2, mib: 1024 ** 2,
+  g: 1024 ** 3, gb: 1024 ** 3, gib: 1024 ** 3,
+  t: 1024 ** 4, tb: 1024 ** 4, tib: 1024 ** 4,
+};
+
+/** 解析 "100 G" 风格的流量输入为字节数，非法输入返回 null。 */
+export function parseByteSize(text: string): number | null {
+  const match = /^(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)\s*([a-zA-Z]*)$/.exec(text.trim());
+  if (!match) return null;
+  const factor = BYTE_UNIT_FACTORS[match[2].toLowerCase()];
+  return factor === undefined ? null : Math.round(Number(match[1]) * factor);
+}
+
+/** 字节数 → "100 G" 风格短文本，编辑框失焦时回显；-1 是「不限」哨兵，原样回显。 */
+export function formatByteSize(bytes: number): string {
+  if (bytes < 0) return "-1";
+  const size = Math.max(0, Math.round(number(bytes)));
+  if (size === 0) return "0";
+  for (const [suffix, factor] of [["T", 1024 ** 4], ["G", 1024 ** 3], ["M", 1024 ** 2], ["K", 1024]] as const) {
+    if (size >= factor) return `${Math.round((size / factor) * 100) / 100} ${suffix}`;
+  }
+  return `${size} B`;
+}
+
 export function formatCpuName(model: string | null | undefined, cores: number | null | undefined) {
   const name = (model ?? "").replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim() || "--";
   const count = Math.max(0, Math.trunc(number(cores)));
@@ -81,15 +110,6 @@ export function isOnline(server: Pick<Server, "timestamp">, threshold: number, a
   return !!server.timestamp && at - server.timestamp <= threshold;
 }
 
-export function timeAgo(timestamp: number | null, locale: UiLocale = "zh-CN") {
-  if (!timestamp) return ui(locale, "尚未上报", "never reported");
-  const seconds = Math.max(0, Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000 - timestamp));
-  if (seconds < 60) return ui(locale, `${seconds} 秒前`, `${seconds}s ago`);
-  if (seconds < 3600) return ui(locale, `${Math.floor(seconds / 60)} 分钟前`, `${Math.floor(seconds / 60)}m ago`);
-  if (seconds < 86400) return ui(locale, `${Math.floor(seconds / 3600)} 小时前`, `${Math.floor(seconds / 3600)}h ago`);
-  return ui(locale, `${Math.floor(seconds / 86400)} 天前`, `${Math.floor(seconds / 86400)}d ago`);
-}
-
 export function countryFlag(region: string) {
   const code = region.trim().slice(0, 2).toUpperCase();
   if (!/^[A-Z]{2}$/.test(code)) return "";
@@ -123,7 +143,8 @@ export function formatPrice(server: Pick<Server, "price" | "billing_cycle" | "cu
   if (server.price === -1) return ui(locale, "免费", "Free");
   if (server.price === 0) return "";
   if (server.price < 0) return "";
-  const cycle = server.billing_cycle >= 27 && server.billing_cycle <= 32 ? ui(locale, "月", "month")
+  const cycle = server.billing_cycle <= 0 ? ui(locale, "一次性", "one-time")
+    : server.billing_cycle >= 27 && server.billing_cycle <= 32 ? ui(locale, "月", "month")
     : server.billing_cycle >= 87 && server.billing_cycle <= 95 ? ui(locale, "季", "quarter")
       : server.billing_cycle >= 175 && server.billing_cycle <= 185 ? ui(locale, "半年", "half-year")
         : server.billing_cycle >= 360 && server.billing_cycle <= 370 ? ui(locale, "年", "year")
diff --git a/frontend/src/hooks/useNodeLatency.ts b/frontend/src/hooks/useNodeLatency.ts
index ebda9d7..c5056d4 100644
--- a/frontend/src/hooks/useNodeLatency.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/hooks/useNodeLatency.ts
@@ -152,8 +152,9 @@ export function useNodeLatency(
     }
 
     return {
-      latencyDisplay: averageLatency === null ? placeholder : `${Math.round(averageLatency)} ms`,
-      lossDisplay: averageLoss === null ? placeholder : `${averageLoss.toFixed(1)}%`,
+      // 与 Komari 原版一致：无数据时汇总显示 "-"，「无采样数据」只出现在空柱的 tooltip 里。
+      latencyDisplay: averageLatency === null ? (loading ? placeholder : "-") : `${Math.round(averageLatency)} ms`,
+      lossDisplay: averageLoss === null ? (loading ? placeholder : "-") : `${averageLoss.toFixed(1)}%`,
       latencyBars: buckets.length ? latencyBars(buckets, "all", locale) : emptyBars(placeholder),
       lossBars: buckets.length ? lossBars(buckets, "all", locale) : emptyBars(placeholder),
       carriers,
diff --git a/frontend/src/styles/admin.css b/frontend/src/styles/admin.css
index ca8e2df..753e4b0 100644
--- a/frontend/src/styles/admin.css
+++ b/frontend/src/styles/admin.css
@@ -116,9 +116,8 @@
 .server-row.dragging { opacity: .45; background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--primary) 8%, transparent); }
 .drag-handle { display: inline-flex; width: 18px; height: 32px; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 0; color: var(--admin-muted); cursor: grab; touch-action: none; }
 .drag-handle:active { cursor: grabbing; }
-.server-name { display: flex; min-width: 0; flex-direction: column; }
+.server-name { display: flex; min-width: 0; flex-direction: column; gap: 3px; }
 .server-row strong { overflow: hidden; color: var(--admin-text); font-size: 14px; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
-.server-row small { color: var(--admin-muted); font-size: 12px; }
 .server-row .row-actions { margin-left: 3px; }
 .server-row .icon-btn { width: 32px; height: 32px; }
 .list-empty { padding: 72px 0; color: var(--admin-muted); font-size: 13px; text-align: center; }
@@ -311,7 +310,13 @@
 .server-name-main { display: flex; min-width: 0; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
 .server-name-main .region-flag { flex: 0 0 auto; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1; }
 .server-name-main strong { overflow: hidden; font-size: 14px; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
-.server-name-main small { overflow: hidden; color: var(--admin-muted); font-size: 12px; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
+.server-name-meta { display: flex; min-width: 0; align-items: center; gap: 7px; color: var(--admin-muted); font-size: 12px; }
+.ip-badge { flex: 0 0 auto; padding: 0 6px; border: 1px solid var(--admin-border); border-radius: 999px; font-size: 10px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.5; letter-spacing: .03em; }
+.ip-badge.v6 { color: var(--admin-accent); border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--admin-accent) 40%, transparent); }
+.ip-value { overflow: hidden; min-width: 0; max-width: 30ch; padding: 0; border: 0; background: none; color: inherit; font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; cursor: copy; }
+.ip-value:hover { color: var(--admin-text); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
+.meta-dot { flex: 0 0 auto; opacity: .55; }
+.meta-item { overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
 .about-page { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 20px; }
 .about-brand { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px; }
 .about-brand img { flex: 0 0 auto; }
diff --git a/frontend/src/styles/dashboard.css b/frontend/src/styles/dashboard.css
index a1fa8c0..fe92e1b 100644
--- a/frontend/src/styles/dashboard.css
+++ b/frontend/src/styles/dashboard.css
@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@
 .group-tabs button.active { color: var(--foreground); background: var(--card-solid); box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgb(20 35 42 / .08); }
 .result-count { margin-left: auto; color: var(--muted-foreground); font-size: 11px; white-space: nowrap; }
 
-.node-grid, .loading-grid { display: grid; align-items: start; gap: 12px; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(320px, 1fr)); }
+.node-grid { display: grid; align-items: start; gap: 12px; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(320px, 1fr)); }
 .node-card { position: relative; display: flex; width: 100%; min-width: 0; min-height: var(--node-card-min-height); align-self: start; flex-direction: column; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 12px; padding: 0; text-align: left; box-shadow: var(--node-card-shadow); transition: border-color 160ms ease, background-color 160ms ease, box-shadow 160ms ease; }
-.node-grid.carrier-latency .node-card, .loading-grid.carrier-latency span { min-height: var(--node-card-carrier-min-height); }
+.node-grid.carrier-latency .node-card { min-height: var(--node-card-carrier-min-height); }
 .node-card:hover { z-index: 2; border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--foreground) 24%, var(--node-card-border)); background: var(--node-card-hover); box-shadow: 0 12px 38px rgb(15 23 42 / .2); }
 .dark .node-card:hover { box-shadow: 0 12px 38px rgb(0 0 0 / .54); }
 .node-card.offline { box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px color-mix(in srgb, var(--danger-bar) 30%, transparent), var(--node-card-shadow); }
@@ -95,9 +95,9 @@
 .carrier-row .quality-bars { min-height: 8px; }
 .empty-inline { display: grid; min-height: 0; flex: 1; place-items: center; color: var(--muted-foreground); font-size: 11px; }
 .quality-panel b { color: var(--foreground); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
-.quality-bars { display: grid; min-height: 0; flex: 1; align-items: end; gap: 1px; opacity: .85; }
+.quality-bars { display: grid; min-height: 0; flex: 1; align-items: end; gap: 1px; opacity: .85; transition: opacity 150ms ease; }
 .quality-bars > span { position: relative; display: flex; height: 100%; min-width: 0; align-items: end; overflow: visible; border-radius: 1px; background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--foreground) 6%, transparent); }
-.quality-bars i { display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; min-height: 3px; border-radius: 1px; }
+.quality-bars i { display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; min-height: 3px; border-radius: 1px; transform-origin: bottom; transition: transform 150ms ease, opacity 150ms ease; }
 .quality-bars i.good { background: var(--success-bar); }
 .quality-bars i.fair { background: #a3e635; }
 .quality-bars i.warning { background: #eab308; }
@@ -118,6 +118,19 @@
 .node-card:focus-visible .quality-bar:first-child .quality-tooltip.center,
 .node-card:focus-visible .quality-bar:last-child .quality-tooltip.center { transform: translate(-50%, 0); }
 
+/* 悬停面板时压暗其余柱、放大悬停柱，与 Komari 原版一致。 */
+.quality-panel:hover .quality-bars { opacity: 1; }
+.quality-panel:hover .quality-bars i { opacity: .6; }
+.quality-panel:hover .quality-bar:hover i { opacity: 1; transform: scaleY(1.6); }
+
+.node-offline-overlay { position: absolute; z-index: 20; display: flex; inset: 0; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; background: rgb(255 255 255 / .2); }
+.dark .node-offline-overlay { background: rgb(0 0 0 / .2); }
+html[data-blur="on"] .node-offline-overlay { backdrop-filter: blur(2px); }
+.node-offline-overlay span { color: var(--danger); font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; }
+.node-offline-overlay small { margin-top: 4px; color: var(--muted-foreground); font-size: 11px; }
+/* 离线卡的柱状面板再压一层，避免细小的色柱在遮罩下仍显得“活着”。 */
+.node-card.offline .quality-panel { opacity: .5; filter: blur(1px); }
+
 .error-band { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--danger) 32%, var(--border)); border-radius: 7px; padding: 12px 14px; color: var(--danger); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--danger) 7%, transparent); font-size: 12px; }
 .error-band button { font-weight: 700; }
 .empty-state, .chart-loading { display: flex; min-height: 340px; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-direction: column; gap: 16px; color: var(--muted-foreground); font-size: 13px; }
@@ -136,8 +149,10 @@
 .dashboard-login-turnstile .turnstile-widget { width: 100%; }
 .dashboard-login-submit { width: 100%; min-height: 42px; }
 .verification-status { color: var(--primary); font-size: 11px; }
-.loading-grid span { height: var(--node-card-min-height); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 12px; background: var(--card); animation: loading-pulse 1.3s ease-in-out infinite alternate; }
-@keyframes loading-pulse { to { opacity: .46; } }
+/* 首屏加载：居中旋转环 + 提示文案，与 Komari 原版的 Loading 一致。 */
+.dashboard-loading { display: flex; min-height: 40vh; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 12px; color: var(--muted-foreground); font-size: 13px; }
+.loading-ring { width: 36px; height: 36px; flex: 0 0 auto; border: 2px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--primary) 20%, transparent); border-top-color: var(--primary); border-radius: 50%; animation: loading-spin 1s linear infinite; }
+@keyframes loading-spin { to { transform: rotate(360deg); } }
 
 .detail-page { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 14px; }
 .detail-hero { display: flex; min-width: 0; align-items: center; gap: 12px; border-radius: 8px; padding: 14px 20px; }
@@ -217,7 +232,7 @@
   .toolbar { flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
   .search-box { width: 100%; }
   .group-tabs { max-width: calc(100% - 58px); }
-  .node-grid, .loading-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
+  .node-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
   .detail-hero { padding: 14px 16px; }
   .detail-hero > .icon-btn { margin-left: -4px; }
   .detail-flag { font-size: 19px; }
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
index bc6462e..c511dcd 100644
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -676,8 +676,8 @@ pub(crate) fn validate_server(input: &ServerInput) -> Option<&'static str> {
     if input.tags.chars().count() > 240 {
         return Some("标签字段过长");
     }
-    if input.traffic_limit < 0 {
-        return Some("流量限额不能为负数");
+    if input.traffic_limit < -1 {
+        return Some("流量限额不能小于 -1（-1 表示不限）");
     }
     if !matches!(
         input.traffic_limit_type.as_str(),
@@ -688,8 +688,8 @@ pub(crate) fn validate_server(input: &ServerInput) -> Option<&'static str> {
     if !valid_server_price(input.price) {
         return Some("价格无效");
     }
-    if !(1..=3650).contains(&input.billing_cycle) {
-        return Some("计费周期应为 1 至 3650 天");
+    if !(0..=3650).contains(&input.billing_cycle) {
+        return Some("计费周期应为 0（一次性）或 1 至 3650 天");
     }
     if input.currency.len() != 3
         || !input