Files
Piik/docs/reference/configuration.md
T
AAA f92162b3bb feat: launch Piik with a unified interface and public website
Piik now has one public presentation and a coordinated App/Server release path. This phase unifies the room UI, rewrites the bilingual README and guides, adds a static website with an inline product film, and prepares matching GitHub/Gitee packages and update links.

The film uses the current homepage and shared product controls on one seekable timeline. Runtime fixes preserve presentation when the App opens a room, normalize Site origins, and keep capture and media-recovery status in the television indicator. New visits use Chinese for a Chinese system language and English otherwise; explicit language and visual-mode choices remain available. An optional site passphrase controls site entry, while room authorization remains enforced.

GitHub is the release authority. Gitee mirrors verified packages and provides update metadata when GitHub is unavailable. Reviewed PR release notes become the GitHub Release description. The separate public demo uses P2P only, with HTTPS and STUN verified.

Validation: 756 Web tests, TypeScript and production build; Go core tests, formatting, vet and available target builds; bounded Windows capture and App/Site interoperability; browser film checks, audible playback and narrow layouts; anonymous Gitee Windows-package download, checksum and launcher/update-link checks. Public demo acceptance covers authenticated WebSocket signaling, synthetic P2P video and room cleanup on one network. macOS/Linux physical capture and the wider device/network/endurance matrix remain explicitly deferred.

Publication builds every package from the merged source SHA. The repository is public, main protection is active, and Pages is configured for piik.tv. CI/publisher and Pages deployment records own publication results.

## Release notes

### 中文

Piik 是免费开源的屏幕共享工具。开个房间,发出邀请,最多 20 位朋友就能用浏览器加入观看。

- 使用浏览器或 Piik App 分享游戏、窗口和整个屏幕。
- 优先建立直连;自托管站点可开启媒体转发作为备用线路。
- Piik App 支持本地房间、临时公网邀请和已有站点。
- Piik Server 内置网页界面、房间管理和连接服务,方便自行部署。
- 提供中英文界面与使用指南,以及 GitHub、Gitee 两条下载线路。

[官网](https://piik.tv) · [在线体验](https://demo.piik.tv) · [使用指南](https://github.com/TNTcraftHIM/Piik/blob/main/docs/guide/getting-started.zh-CN.md) · [自行部署](https://github.com/TNTcraftHIM/Piik/blob/main/docs/operations/self-hosting.zh-CN.md) · [Gitee 下载](https://gitee.com/TNTcraftHIM/Piik/releases)

Windows App 和桌面浏览器是本次主要验证的平台。macOS 和 Linux 尚未经过实机测试,欢迎有设备的朋友测试并反馈。演示站和 App 公网邀请使用 P2P,受限网络下可能无法连接;自托管站点可开启媒体转发。

### English

Piik is free, open-source screen sharing for you and up to 20 viewers. Start a room, send an invitation, and your friends can join in a browser.

- Share games, windows or a whole screen from your browser or Piik App.
- Direct connections come first, with optional media forwarding on self-hosted sites.
- Piik App supports local rooms, temporary public invitations and existing sites.
- Piik Server includes the web interface, rooms and connection services for self-hosting.
- English and Chinese interfaces and guides are available, with GitHub and Gitee downloads.

[Website](https://piik.tv) · [Online demo](https://demo.piik.tv) · [User guide](https://github.com/TNTcraftHIM/Piik/blob/main/docs/guide/getting-started.md) · [Self-hosting](https://github.com/TNTcraftHIM/Piik/blob/main/docs/operations/self-hosting.md) · [Gitee downloads](https://gitee.com/TNTcraftHIM/Piik/releases)

Windows App and desktop browsers are the primary validated paths. macOS and Linux have not yet been tested on physical devices; testing and feedback are welcome. The demo and App public invitations rely on P2P and may not connect on restrictive networks. Self-hosted sites can enable media forwarding.
2026-09-12 22:09:12 +08:00

14 KiB

Configuration And Ports

The tracked .env.example is the executable schema companion; internal/server/config is validation truth. Keep real values in the service secret store or an untracked access-restricted environment file.

Ownership

  • Deployment configuration owns listeners, advertised origins, persistence, admission, capacity and optional services. Change it before starting the process.
  • The Host owns share settings and the available per-share route switches in the shared Web UI. Server and App use the same controls, order and semantics; configuration changes availability, not which controls exist. A fixed switch remains visible and explains the reason in text or its pure-visual hint.
  • Protocol versions, queue bounds and routing/adaptation constants stay in code. They are not deployment tuning knobs. Debug and report destinations are explicit diagnostic options, not normal share settings.

Application Environment

Variable Contract
PIIK_ENV development or production, default development; required for every server deployment: production enables production-only validation and the Secure site-access cookie.
LISTEN_HOST Defaults to 0.0.0.0; bare-metal production normally uses 127.0.0.1.
PORT Positive TCP port, default 8787; the tracked release wrapper supports only that default.
PUBLIC_BASE_URL Exact public HTTP(S) origin; production requires HTTPS.
ALLOWED_ORIGINS Comma-separated exact HTTP(S) origins; wildcard is invalid.
SITE_ACCESS_PASSWORD Optional in every environment. Unset or empty allows entry without a site password. A non-empty value must contain 8-128 visible ASCII bytes; room ownership and Viewer admission remain independent.
ROOM_DATABASE_PATH Hosted defaults to rooms.sqlite in its working directory when unset or blank. An explicit absolute file path selects another SQLite file; :memory: opts into process-memory room authority. App Local remains in memory.
MAX_VIEWERS_PER_ROOM 1..20, default 8.
ENDPOINT_MEDIA_COPY_CAPACITY Shared endpoint steady-copy cap 1..3, default 2.
STUN_URLS Comma-separated advertised stun: discovery URLs; at least one is required in production. These are not local bind addresses and may use an unproxied DNS name separate from the Web origin.
STUN_LISTEN_HOST Hosted IPv4 STUN bind address, default 0.0.0.0 when STUN_URLS is configured; independent of HTTP LISTEN_HOST. Local App construction creates no STUN listeners.
NAT_PREDICTION_ENABLED Optional bounded NAT prediction capability, default false; requires an ordinary STUN_URLS endpoint on UDP 3478. Hosted startup binds UDP 3479/3480 before advertising the capability. When unavailable, the visible NAT switch is locked off; ordinary ICE remains. Firewall reachability remains an operator requirement.

Automatic SFU fallback runs inside the Hosted process when SFU_UDP_PORT is set:

Variable Contract
SFU_UDP_PORT Optional UDP media port 1..65535; unset or blank disables SFU and fixes Privacy mode on for every room. Set 7882 for the standard public listener and allow the Host to choose Privacy mode.
SFU_LISTEN_HOST IPv4 bind address, default 0.0.0.0; independent of HTTP LISTEN_HOST. Read only when SFU is enabled.
SFU_PUBLIC_IP Optional explicit IPv4 advertised-address override for a host behind NAT. Read only when SFU is enabled.

SFU control uses the application's authenticated signaling connection. No separate control origin or infrastructure credentials are configured. Local and public-link App construction create no SFU listener. The relay does not provide application E2EE.

For a P2P-only Server, leave SFU_UDP_PORT blank. Room authority, signaling, configured STUN and peer relays remain; no media-server fallback is possible. The server enforces this even if a Host requests hybrid mode. There is no separate SFU_ENABLED flag to conflict with the listener configuration.

The SQLite parent directory must exist and be writable. The systemd template sets /var/lib/piik/rooms.sqlite under its managed state directory; the container image sets /home/nonroot/rooms.sqlite under its writable data directory. Keep the existing database path and data across application updates. Room authority has no idle expiry; the separate site-access cookie keeps its 24-hour idle lifetime.

Removed access, room TTL/lease, endpoint-tier, room-rollout, and TURN variables fail startup even when blank. A present NODE_ENV fails the same way, so a stale environment file cannot silently drop a deployment out of production. The private deployment is upgraded atomically; there are no compatibility aliases or dual configuration readers. Versioning owns the planned public upgrade promise and the work required before its first release.

Piik App Configuration

Piik App stores Piik/client.json under the operating system's user configuration directory (%APPDATA% on Windows, ~/Library/Application Support on macOS, and $XDG_CONFIG_HOME or ~/.config on Linux). The App manages its version schema field. The user settings are:

Setting Contract
site Saved Piik Site origin; omit it for Local mode. The launcher or --site updates it.
localAccessPassword Empty by default. Optional password for the App's Local room authority, using the same 8-128 visible ASCII bounds. It is separate from a hosted site's password.

Command-line options select entry and local runtime behavior:

Option Purpose
--site <origin> / --local Save and use a Site, or select the self-contained Local mode. Mutually exclusive.
--link Create a public Viewer invitation for Local mode.
--config <path> Select another App configuration file.
--lan-address <IPv4> / --port <port> Override the Local invitation address or HTTP port (default 8787).
--capture-process <path> / --tunnel-process <path> Override packaged native capture or public tunnel helpers. Ordinary installations use the packaged paths.
--debug / --log-dir <path> Enable diagnostics or choose their destination as described below.

Share quality, room access policy, language, theme and motion are configured in the shared Web UI, not through Server environment variables or App JSON.

Diagnostics

Normal Server logs record startup identity, listener and enabled services, unexpected failures, orderly shutdown and any available release found by the single background startup check. Detailed room/ICE/media traces require Debug.

Diagnostics are local and opt-in. Enable them before reproducing the problem:

Surface Enable Export
App Start with --debug or PIIK_DEBUG=client Press D in the terminal for a ZIP
Browser Host/Viewer Add ?debug=1 to the page URL, before any invitation fragment Use the download button beside language/theme controls
Hosted Server Start with --debug, PIIK_DEBUG=server or PIIK_DEBUG=route On Unix, kill -USR1 <pid>; also exported at orderly shutdown

Server Debug is controlled by its startup environment or CLI, never by a remote page or room role. Browser ?debug=1 only enables that page's local collection; it cannot change Server logging or download Server reports. The Server exposes no HTTP diagnostic export or pprof endpoint.

App/Server ZIP and Browser JSON reports are separate: when investigating Browser/App cooperation, include both from the same reproduction. Neither action stops an active share or uploads anything. Browser export also remains available as await window.__PIIK_DEBUG__.export() in DevTools.

App logs go to logs beside the executable, falling back to Piik/logs in the OS user-cache directory when that default is unwritable. The TUI shows the actual path and the exported ZIP. --log-dir overrides PIIK_LOG_DIR; an explicit directory must be writable. Choosing a directory alone does not enable collection. Non-interactive Apps export at orderly shutdown. On App, PIIK_DEBUG=route alone retains console route tracing; use --debug for file collection and the D action.

Hosted logs use PIIK_LOG_DIR, otherwise systemd LOGS_DIRECTORY, otherwise logs under the working directory. The service unit supplies /var/log/piik with mode 0700. Normal service notices remain in the journal; detailed dependency records go into the report. Windows Server has no Unix signal trigger; forced process termination cannot create a final snapshot.

The report combines operation history and existing runtime evidence:

  • Native request IDs connect start/completion, duration, requested/applied profiles, source kind, codec/adapter selection and cancellation or failure. Async quality preparation retains that ID until its actual completion.
  • Capture process start/exit/EOF and streamed stderr include useful failure causes and system/HRESULT codes. Windows samples its existing WebRTC encoder observer during processing: input/output FPS, actual size, bitrate, encode time/usage, QP when available, drops, limitation flags and adaptation counts. Those are VSE counters, not a complete account of WGC mailbox overwrites.
  • Pion connection/ICE/DTLS and media-component diagnostics are included. Existing RTP/BWE/allocation observations, packet queue/drop counters, group demand/attachment changes and gateway/STUN outcomes explain delivery without adding a media-control loop or a new per-connection polling timer.
  • Browser records capture settings and sender readbacks, signaling and Native operations, meaningful error messages/stacks/causes and existing RTCStats. Pool observations distinguish native carrier reports, actual output and its assigned producer. Export adds Browser/platform metadata; diagnostic collection does not replace media APIs or control transport.

Each Go component keeps an 8 MiB current log and one 8 MiB backup. ZIPs contain these retained logs, a report marker, selected startup context, build/module and platform metadata, Go memory counters, sampled allocation profile (heap.pprof) and aggregate goroutine stacks. These are not raw process-memory or C++ memory dumps. A failed optional collector leaves useful files available; metadata.json lists included files, errors and partial status. ZIP write/disk failure still reports an export failure. Rotation and preexisting history are identified; retained logs do not claim a complete session history.

Browser retains up to 8,192 events and 8 MiB of compact event data in the current page. Reports identify retained sequence/time ranges, evicted/truncated events and collector failures. Field/record limits are explicit in the report. Browser reload/close loses that in-page history; export before closing it. Go ZIP exports remain until the user/operator removes them; rotation only manages the current logs.

Credentials, authorization/cookies, invitation secrets, ICE passwords/fragments and private keys are filtered before persistence/export. Application media identities use diagnostic hashes where applicable; Browser/library technical identifiers, IP addresses, device information and file paths may remain. Do not treat a report as anonymous. Review it before sharing. Raw screen/audio payloads, arbitrary config/environment files and raw process-memory contents are not collected. Browser window titles and participant display names are omitted. Debug detail has CPU/I/O cost and should be enabled for investigation.

The research comparison records the mature project references and the reasons for this collection boundary.

Public And Private Ports

Port Scope Owner
TCP 80/443 public HTTP redirect and HTTPS/WSS reverse proxy
UDP 3478 public in-process STUN-only Piik listener
UDP 3479/3480 public when NAT prediction is enabled in-process auxiliary STUN-only Piik listeners
UDP 7882 (or SFU_UDP_PORT) public when SFU enabled in-process Piik WebRTC media
TCP 8787 private Piik application

TCP 3478, TCP/TLS 5349, TURN relay ranges, media TCP, and other media ports remain closed. HTTPS/WSS transport is independent of the UDP-only media contract.

When NAT_PREDICTION_ENABLED=true, the server derives stun:<same-hostname>:3479 and :3480 from the first ordinary STUN authority on UDP 3478. The Host sees a pre-share switch that defaults on and may disable it. The capability adds no media route or third-party service. It needs both cloud security-group rules and the host's /etc/nftables.conf rule. Piik binds every required UDP listener before opening room persistence or accepting signaling; a bind failure rolls back all newly owned sockets. Close and End retire these listeners with the application. Existing coturn listeners must be retired in the coordinated deployment because two processes cannot own the same ports. Opening a cloud port without a listener has no effect, and local binding alone does not prove external reachability. Disable the capability before removing firewall rules. Same-IP ports expose destination-port allocation behavior; a full RFC 5780 alternate-address test requires a second public IPv4.

Bounds

  • Site-access requests are rate-limited at the reverse proxy and use constant- time secret comparison in the application.
  • HTTP body, WebSocket payload, total/unauthed connections, room count, Viewer count, output buffers, endpoint copies, and SFU resources are bounded.
  • The four-digit code space fixes the maximum managed Host publications at 9,000; maximum subscription admission is that capacity times the configured per-room Viewer limit. These are admission bounds, not throughput claims.
  • One application process owns room authority and SFU admission. Multiple processes require a new shared atomic owner.