diff --git a/docs/PLAN.md b/docs/PLAN.md
index 57cb86a..1b75cb3 100644
--- a/docs/PLAN.md
+++ b/docs/PLAN.md
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
   "hotkey": "Alt+Q",
   "engine": "free",              // "free" | "llm"
   "free": { "provider": "microsoft" },   // "microsoft" | "google"
-  "llm": { "provider": "deepseek", "baseUrl": "https://api.deepseek.com", "model": "deepseek-chat", "apiKey": "<加密存储>" },
+  "llm": { "provider": "zhipu", "baseUrl": "https://open.bigmodel.cn/api/paas/v4", "model": "glm-4.7-flash", "apiKey": "<加密存储>" },
   "livePreview": true,
   "previewDelayMs": 500,
   "restoreClipboard": true,
@@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ API Key 用 Electron `safeStorage` 加密后存盘；永远不把明文 Key 发
 | `onShow(cb)` | 浮窗被热键呼出时：`cb({engine, direction})` |
 | `getConfig()` → `Promise<config>` | apiKey 被替换为 `apiKeySet: boolean` |
 | `setConfig(partial)` → `Promise<config>` | 深合并；`llm.apiKey` 为空字符串/缺省表示不改；热键变更立即重新注册，失败则 reject 并保持旧热键 |
-| `getProviders()` → `Promise<Provider[]>` | 大模型预设列表 |
+| `getProviders()` → `Promise<Provider[]>` | 大模型预设列表；`models[]` 带 `free`（free / quota）和 `note`，请求参数 `extra` 只留在主进程 |
+| `listModels(providerId)` → `Promise<Model[]>` | 设置页模型下拉框：预设精选 + OpenRouter 实时免费模型（`live: true`），拉取失败只返回预设 |
 | `testEngine(partialConfig?)` → `Promise<{ok, sample, ms, error?}>` | 用当前或传入（未保存）配置翻译一句测试文本 |
 | `openSettings()` | 打开设置窗口 |
 | `onConfigChanged(cb)` | 配置变更广播给所有窗口 |
diff --git a/src/main/config.js b/src/main/config.js
index 2f63c4e..3153a35 100644
--- a/src/main/config.js
+++ b/src/main/config.js
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ const DEFAULT_CONFIG = {
   engine: 'free',
   free: { provider: 'microsoft' },
   llm: {
-    provider: 'deepseek',
-    baseUrl: 'https://api.deepseek.com',
-    model: 'deepseek-chat',
+    provider: 'zhipu',
+    baseUrl: 'https://open.bigmodel.cn/api/paas/v4',
+    model: 'glm-4.7-flash',
     apiKey: '',   // 当前服务商的 Key（仅内存，由 apiKeys 推出）
     apiKeys: {},  // 每个服务商各存一份，切换服务商时不会把 A 的 Key 发给 B
   },
diff --git a/src/main/engines/llm.js b/src/main/engines/llm.js
index 730bd90..a797b70 100644
--- a/src/main/engines/llm.js
+++ b/src/main/engines/llm.js
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 'use strict';
 
-const { getProvider } = require('../providers');
+const { getProvider, modelExtra, isFreeModel } = require('../providers');
 const { buildPrompt, cleanOutput } = require('../prompt');
 const { fetchWithTimeout, httpFail } = require('./http');
 const { fail } = require('../errors');
@@ -19,6 +19,13 @@ function maxTokensFor(text) {
   return Math.min(8192, Math.max(2048, String(text).length * 4 + 256));
 }
 
+function sleep(ms, signal) {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const timer = setTimeout(resolve, ms);
+    if (signal) signal.addEventListener('abort', () => { clearTimeout(timer); reject(fail('CANCEL', {})); }, { once: true });
+  });
+}
+
 function hostOf(baseUrl) {
   try {
     return new URL(baseUrl).host || '大模型接口';
@@ -71,6 +78,7 @@ async function translateLLM(opts) {
     headers = { 'content-type': 'application/json' };
     if (apiKey) headers.Authorization = `Bearer ${apiKey}`;
     body = {
+      ...modelExtra(llm.provider, model),
       model,
       temperature: prompt.temperature,
       max_tokens: maxTokens,
@@ -82,13 +90,21 @@ async function translateLLM(opts) {
     };
   }
 
-  const res = await fetchWithTimeout(url, {
+  const send = () => fetchWithTimeout(url, {
     method: 'POST',
     headers,
     body: JSON.stringify(body),
     signal: opts.signal,
   }, { timeoutMs, service, fetchImpl: opts.fetchImpl });
 
+  let res = await send();
+  // 免费模型被限流往往一两秒就恢复，自动再试一次
+  const free = isFreeModel(model);
+  if (res.status === 429 && free) {
+    await sleep(opts.retryDelayMs ?? 1000, opts.signal);
+    res = await send();
+  }
+  if (res.status === 429 && free) throw fail('FREE_BUSY', { service, kind: 'llm' });
   if (!res.ok) throw httpFail(res.status, service);
 
   let accumulated = '';
diff --git a/src/main/errors.js b/src/main/errors.js
index 4c92e45..0f35fbb 100644
--- a/src/main/errors.js
+++ b/src/main/errors.js
@@ -40,8 +40,9 @@ function userMessage(err, ctx = {}) {
   if (err.code === 'NO_KEY') return '还没填大模型的 API Key，去设置里填一下';
   if (err.code === 'NO_BASE_URL') return '还没填写大模型的接口地址';
   if (err.code === 'NO_MODEL') return '还没填写模型名';
-  if (err.code === 'REASONING_ONLY') return '这是推理模型，只顾着思考没给出译文。换成非推理模型（如 deepseek-chat）又快又稳';
+  if (err.code === 'REASONING_ONLY') return '这是推理模型，只顾着思考没给出译文。换成下拉框里标“推荐”的模型，已自动关闭思考，又快又稳';
   if (err.code === 'EMPTY') return '模型没有返回译文，换个模型试试';
+  if (err.code === 'FREE_BUSY') return '免费模型这会儿太忙（被上游限流），过一会儿再试，或在设置里换一个模型';
 
   const status = Number(err.status || err.statusCode || 0);
   const kind = ctx.kind || err.kind;
diff --git a/src/main/main.js b/src/main/main.js
index 565d09a..a35ea8c 100644
--- a/src/main/main.js
+++ b/src/main/main.js
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ app.disableHardwareAcceleration();
 app.commandLine.appendSwitch('disable-features', 'CalculateNativeWinOcclusion');
 
 const { PROVIDERS } = require('./providers');
+const { listModels } = require('./models');
 const { createConfigStore, mergeConfig } = require('./config');
 const { translate, warmup } = require('./engines');
 const { captureForeground, commitPaste } = require('./paste');
@@ -439,7 +440,10 @@ function registerIpc() {
 
   ipcMain.handle('xt:setConfig', (_event, partial) => setConfig(partial || {}));
 
-  ipcMain.handle('xt:getProviders', () => PROVIDERS);
+  // 渲染进程只需要展示用的字段，请求参数（extra）留在主进程
+  ipcMain.handle('xt:getProviders', () => PROVIDERS.map((p) => ({ ...p, models: p.models.map(({ extra, ...m }) => m) })));
+
+  ipcMain.handle('xt:listModels', (_event, providerId) => listModels(String(providerId || ''), { warn }));
 
   ipcMain.handle('xt:testEngine', async (_event, partial) => {
     const cfg = mergeConfig(store.get(), partial || {});
diff --git a/src/main/models.js b/src/main/models.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32b4498
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/models.js
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+'use strict';
+
+// 设置页"模型"下拉框的选项：预设里精选的在前；OpenRouter 免费模型更新很快，再联网补上最新的。
+const { getProvider, NO_THINK_OPENROUTER } = require('./providers');
+const { fetchWithTimeout } = require('./engines/http');
+
+const OPENROUTER_MODELS = 'https://openrouter.ai/api/v1/models';
+const CACHE_MS = 60 * 60 * 1000;
+const MAX_EXTRA = 8;
+// 审核、写代码、多模态这类专用模型不适合拿来翻译；4B 以下的小模型译文质量不行
+const UNSUITABLE = /safety|guard|code|coder|embed|vision|-vl\b|omni|ocr|audio|image|poolside|lfm-|[-_][0-3](\.\d+)?b\b/i;
+
+let cache = null; // { at, models }
+
+function pickFreeModels(data, exclude, limit = MAX_EXTRA) {
+  const skip = new Set(exclude);
+  return (Array.isArray(data) ? data : [])
+    .filter((m) => m && typeof m.id === 'string' && m.id.endsWith(':free'))
+    .filter((m) => !skip.has(m.id) && !UNSUITABLE.test(m.id))
+    .sort((a, b) => (b.context_length || 0) - (a.context_length || 0))
+    .slice(0, limit)
+    .map((m) => ({ id: m.id, free: 'free', extra: NO_THINK_OPENROUTER, live: true }));
+}
+
+async function fetchOpenRouterFree(exclude, fetchImpl) {
+  if (cache && Date.now() - cache.at < CACHE_MS) return cache.models;
+  const res = await fetchWithTimeout(OPENROUTER_MODELS, {}, { timeoutMs: 6000, service: 'openrouter.ai', fetchImpl });
+  if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${res.status}`);
+  const json = await res.json();
+  const models = pickFreeModels(json && json.data, exclude);
+  cache = { at: Date.now(), models };
+  return models;
+}
+
+/** @returns {Promise<Array<{id: string, free?: string, note?: string, live?: boolean}>>} */
+async function listModels(providerId, { fetchImpl, warn } = {}) {
+  const provider = getProvider(providerId);
+  const curated = (provider.models || []).map(({ extra, ...rest }) => rest);
+  if (provider.id !== 'openrouter') return curated;
+  try {
+    const live = await fetchOpenRouterFree(curated.map((m) => m.id), fetchImpl);
+    return [...curated, ...live.map(({ extra, ...rest }) => rest)];
+  } catch (err) {
+    if (warn) warn(`获取 OpenRouter 免费模型失败：${err && err.message}`);
+    return curated;
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = { listModels, pickFreeModels };
diff --git a/src/main/providers.js b/src/main/providers.js
index 9ba2ed2..16d5baf 100644
--- a/src/main/providers.js
+++ b/src/main/providers.js
@@ -2,20 +2,117 @@
 
 // 大模型预设。用户选好预设后 baseUrl / model 仍可自由修改。
 // kind: 'openai' = OpenAI 兼容 /chat/completions；'anthropic' = Anthropic /v1/messages
+// models[].free: 'free' = 长期免费；'quota' = 新用户赠送额度，用完收费
+// models[].extra: 合并进请求体的额外参数，主要用来关掉思考——翻译不需要推理，开着只会慢
+// 资料核对于 2026-10，免费政策变动快，以各家官网为准。
+const NO_THINK_GLM = { thinking: { type: 'disabled' } };
+const NO_THINK_OPENROUTER = { reasoning: { enabled: false } };
+
 const PROVIDERS = [
-  { id: 'deepseek', name: 'DeepSeek', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://api.deepseek.com', model: 'deepseek-chat', models: ['deepseek-chat'], keyUrl: 'https://platform.deepseek.com/api_keys' },
-  { id: 'qwen', name: '通义千问（阿里云百炼）', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1', model: 'qwen-plus', models: ['qwen-plus', 'qwen-turbo', 'qwen-max'], keyUrl: 'https://bailian.console.aliyun.com/' },
-  { id: 'moonshot', name: 'Kimi（月之暗面）', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://api.moonshot.cn/v1', model: 'moonshot-v1-8k', models: ['moonshot-v1-8k'], keyUrl: 'https://platform.moonshot.cn/console/api-keys' },
-  { id: 'zhipu', name: '智谱 GLM', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://open.bigmodel.cn/api/paas/v4', model: 'glm-4-flash', models: ['glm-4-flash', 'glm-4-plus'], keyUrl: 'https://open.bigmodel.cn/usercenter/apikeys' },
-  { id: 'anthropic', name: 'Claude（Anthropic）', kind: 'anthropic', baseUrl: 'https://api.anthropic.com', model: 'claude-haiku-4-5', models: ['claude-haiku-4-5', 'claude-sonnet-5-5'], keyUrl: 'https://console.anthropic.com/settings/keys' },
-  { id: 'openai', name: 'OpenAI', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://api.openai.com/v1', model: 'gpt-4.1-mini', models: ['gpt-4.1-mini', 'gpt-4.1'], keyUrl: 'https://platform.openai.com/api-keys' },
-  { id: 'openrouter', name: 'OpenRouter', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://openrouter.ai/api/v1', model: 'deepseek/deepseek-chat', models: [], keyUrl: 'https://openrouter.ai/keys' },
+  {
+    id: 'zhipu', name: '智谱 GLM · 免费', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://open.bigmodel.cn/api/paas/v4', model: 'glm-4.7-flash',
+    keyUrl: 'https://open.bigmodel.cn/usercenter/apikeys', note: '国内直连，长期免费',
+    models: [
+      { id: 'glm-4.7-flash', free: 'free', note: '推荐', extra: NO_THINK_GLM },
+      { id: 'glm-4-flash-250414', free: 'free' },
+    ],
+  },
+  {
+    id: 'siliconflow', name: '硅基流动 · 免费', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://api.siliconflow.cn/v1', model: 'THUDM/GLM-4-9B-0414',
+    keyUrl: 'https://cloud.siliconflow.cn/account/ak', note: '国内直连，免费模型需实名认证',
+    models: [
+      { id: 'THUDM/GLM-4-9B-0414', free: 'free', note: '推荐' },
+      { id: 'Qwen/Qwen3-8B', free: 'free', extra: { enable_thinking: false } },
+      { id: 'Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct', free: 'free' },
+    ],
+  },
+  {
+    id: 'gemini', name: 'Google Gemini · 免费', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/openai', model: 'gemini-2.5-flash-lite',
+    keyUrl: 'https://aistudio.google.com/apikey', note: '国内需代理；免费层的内容可能被用于改进模型',
+    models: [
+      { id: 'gemini-2.5-flash-lite', free: 'free', note: '推荐' },
+      { id: 'gemini-3.5-flash-lite', free: 'free' },
+    ],
+  },
+  {
+    id: 'groq', name: 'Groq · 免费', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://api.groq.com/openai/v1', model: 'qwen/qwen3.8-27b',
+    keyUrl: 'https://console.groq.com/keys', note: '国内需代理，速度极快，免费层有每日限额',
+    models: [
+      { id: 'qwen/qwen3.8-27b', free: 'free', note: '推荐', extra: { reasoning_effort: 'none' } },
+      { id: 'openai/gpt-oss-20b', free: 'free', extra: { reasoning_effort: 'low' } },
+    ],
+  },
+  {
+    id: 'cerebras', name: 'Cerebras · 免费', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://api.cerebras.ai/v1', model: 'qwen-3.8-27b',
+    keyUrl: 'https://cloud.cerebras.ai/', note: '国内需代理，速度极快，免费层每分钟 5 次',
+    models: [
+      { id: 'qwen-3.8-27b', free: 'free', note: '推荐', extra: { reasoning_effort: 'none' } },
+      { id: 'gpt-oss-120b', free: 'free', extra: { reasoning_effort: 'low' } },
+    ],
+  },
+  {
+    id: 'openrouter', name: 'OpenRouter · 有免费模型', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://openrouter.ai/api/v1', model: 'google/gemma-4-31b-it:free',
+    keyUrl: 'https://openrouter.ai/keys', note: '免费模型每天有次数限制，高峰期可能排队',
+    models: [
+      // 顺序即备用顺序（取前面的当备用）：前两个来自不同上游，一家限流时换另一家；
+      // nemotron 快但会译错词，放最后，不给别的模型当备用
+      { id: 'google/gemma-4-31b-it:free', free: 'free', note: '推荐', extra: NO_THINK_OPENROUTER },
+      { id: 'qwen/qwen3.8-27b:free', free: 'free', note: '推荐', extra: NO_THINK_OPENROUTER },
+      { id: 'google/gemma-4-26b-a4b-it:free', free: 'free', extra: NO_THINK_OPENROUTER },
+      { id: 'nvidia/nemotron-3.5-lightning:free', free: 'free', note: '最快', extra: NO_THINK_OPENROUTER },
+      { id: 'deepseek/deepseek-chat' },
+    ],
+  },
+  {
+    id: 'qwen', name: '通义千问（阿里云百炼）', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1', model: 'qwen-turbo',
+    keyUrl: 'https://bailian.console.aliyun.com/', note: '新用户每个模型送 100 万 token（90 天）',
+    models: [
+      { id: 'qwen-turbo', free: 'quota', note: '推荐' },
+      { id: 'qwen-flash' },
+      { id: 'qwen-plus', free: 'quota' },
+    ],
+  },
+  {
+    id: 'deepseek', name: 'DeepSeek', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://api.deepseek.com', model: 'deepseek-flash',
+    keyUrl: 'https://platform.deepseek.com/api_keys', note: '按量付费，很便宜',
+    models: [
+      { id: 'deepseek-flash', note: '已关闭思考', extra: NO_THINK_GLM },
+    ],
+  },
+  {
+    id: 'moonshot', name: 'Kimi（月之暗面）', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://api.moonshot.cn/v1', model: 'moonshot-v1-8k', keyUrl: 'https://platform.moonshot.cn/console/api-keys',
+    models: [{ id: 'moonshot-v1-8k' }],
+  },
+  {
+    id: 'anthropic', name: 'Claude（Anthropic）', kind: 'anthropic', baseUrl: 'https://api.anthropic.com', model: 'claude-haiku-4-5', keyUrl: 'https://console.anthropic.com/settings/keys',
+    models: [{ id: 'claude-haiku-4-5' }, { id: 'claude-sonnet-5-5' }],
+  },
+  {
+    id: 'openai', name: 'OpenAI', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'https://api.openai.com/v1', model: 'gpt-4.1-mini', keyUrl: 'https://platform.openai.com/api-keys',
+    models: [{ id: 'gpt-4.1-mini' }, { id: 'gpt-4.1' }],
+  },
   { id: 'ollama', name: 'Ollama（本地）', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: 'http://localhost:11434/v1', model: 'qwen2.5:7b', models: [], keyOptional: true },
   { id: 'custom', name: '自定义（OpenAI 兼容）', kind: 'openai', baseUrl: '', model: '', models: [] },
 ];
 
+function isFreeModel(model) {
+  return /:free$/.test(String(model));
+}
+
 function getProvider(id) {
   return PROVIDERS.find((p) => p.id === id) || PROVIDERS.find((p) => p.id === 'custom');
 }
 
-module.exports = { PROVIDERS, getProvider };
+// 当前服务商预设里这个模型要附带的请求参数；自定义模型名没有
+function modelExtra(providerId, model) {
+  const provider = getProvider(providerId);
+  const entry = (provider.models || []).find((m) => m.id === model);
+  if (provider.id === 'openrouter' && isFreeModel(model)) {
+    // 免费模型经常被上游限流：带上另外两个免费模型，OpenRouter 会自动换着试（最多 3 个）
+    const backups = provider.models.filter((m) => m.free === 'free' && m.id !== model).map((m) => m.id);
+    return { ...((entry && entry.extra) || NO_THINK_OPENROUTER), models: [model, ...backups].slice(0, 3) };
+  }
+  return (entry && entry.extra) || {};
+}
+
+module.exports = { PROVIDERS, getProvider, modelExtra, isFreeModel, NO_THINK_OPENROUTER };
diff --git a/src/preload.js b/src/preload.js
index 257e44e..6758020 100644
--- a/src/preload.js
+++ b/src/preload.js
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('xt', {
   getConfig: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('xt:getConfig'),
   setConfig: (partial) => ipcRenderer.invoke('xt:setConfig', partial),
   getProviders: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('xt:getProviders'),
+  listModels: (providerId) => ipcRenderer.invoke('xt:listModels', providerId),
   testEngine: (partial) => ipcRenderer.invoke('xt:testEngine', partial),
   openSettings: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('xt:openSettings'),
   onConfigChanged: (cb) => listen('xt:config', cb),
diff --git a/src/renderer/dev-mock.js b/src/renderer/dev-mock.js
index db3411c..d4bf5ae 100644
--- a/src/renderer/dev-mock.js
+++ b/src/renderer/dev-mock.js
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ if (!window.xt) {
   const listeners = { partial: [], show: [], config: [] };
   let cfg = {
     hotkey: 'Alt+Q', engine: 'free', free: { provider: 'microsoft' },
-    llm: { provider: 'deepseek', baseUrl: 'https://api.deepseek.com', model: 'deepseek-chat', apiKeySet: false },
+    llm: { provider: 'zhipu', baseUrl: 'https://open.bigmodel.cn/api/paas/v4', model: 'glm-4.7-flash', apiKeySet: false },
     livePreview: true, previewDelayMs: 500, restoreClipboard: true, launchAtLogin: false,
   };
   const canned = { '我先撤了哈，明天见': "I'm heading out, see you tomorrow!", 'No worries, take your time!': '没事没事，你慢慢来！' };
@@ -40,11 +40,14 @@ if (!window.xt) {
       return structuredClone(cfg);
     },
     getProviders: async () => [
-      { id: 'deepseek', name: 'DeepSeek', baseUrl: 'https://api.deepseek.com', model: 'deepseek-chat', models: ['deepseek-chat'], keyUrl: 'https://platform.deepseek.com/api_keys' },
-      { id: 'anthropic', name: 'Claude（Anthropic）', baseUrl: 'https://api.anthropic.com', model: 'claude-haiku-4-5', models: ['claude-haiku-4-5', 'claude-sonnet-5-5'], keyUrl: 'https://console.anthropic.com/settings/keys' },
+      { id: 'zhipu', name: '智谱 GLM · 免费', baseUrl: 'https://open.bigmodel.cn/api/paas/v4', model: 'glm-4.7-flash', note: '国内直连，长期免费', keyUrl: 'https://open.bigmodel.cn/usercenter/apikeys', models: [{ id: 'glm-4.7-flash', free: 'free', note: '推荐' }, { id: 'glm-4-flash-250414', free: 'free' }] },
+      { id: 'openrouter', name: 'OpenRouter · 有免费模型', baseUrl: 'https://openrouter.ai/api/v1', model: 'google/gemma-4-31b-it:free', keyUrl: 'https://openrouter.ai/keys', models: [{ id: 'google/gemma-4-31b-it:free', free: 'free', note: '推荐' }, { id: 'deepseek/deepseek-chat' }] },
       { id: 'ollama', name: 'Ollama（本地）', baseUrl: 'http://localhost:11434/v1', model: 'qwen2.5:7b', models: [], keyOptional: true },
       { id: 'custom', name: '自定义（OpenAI 兼容）', baseUrl: '', model: '', models: [] },
     ],
+    listModels: async (id) => id === 'openrouter'
+      ? [{ id: 'google/gemma-4-31b-it:free', free: 'free', note: '推荐' }, { id: 'deepseek/deepseek-chat' }, { id: 'qwen/qwen3.8-27b:free', free: 'free', live: true }]
+      : [],
     testEngine: async ({ engine }) => engine === 'llm' && !cfg.llm.apiKeySet
       ? { ok: false, error: '还没填大模型的 API Key，去设置里填一下' }
       : { ok: true, sample: "I'm heading out, see you tomorrow!", ms: 420 },
diff --git a/src/renderer/settings.css b/src/renderer/settings.css
index b375a8a..1b9f3a6 100644
--- a/src/renderer/settings.css
+++ b/src/renderer/settings.css
@@ -77,3 +77,4 @@ input:focus, select:focus { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: -1
   .row { flex-wrap: wrap; }
   .row > label { flex-basis: 100%; }
 }
+[hidden] { display: none !important; }
diff --git a/src/renderer/settings.html b/src/renderer/settings.html
index d390e4d..554c409 100644
--- a/src/renderer/settings.html
+++ b/src/renderer/settings.html
@@ -47,9 +47,12 @@
         <input id="llm-base" type="url" spellcheck="false" placeholder="https://…">
       </div>
       <div class="row">
-        <label for="llm-model">模型</label>
-        <input id="llm-model" list="llm-models" spellcheck="false" placeholder="模型名">
-        <datalist id="llm-models"></datalist>
+        <label for="llm-model-pick">模型</label>
+        <select id="llm-model-pick"></select>
+      </div>
+      <div class="row" id="llm-model-row">
+        <label for="llm-model" id="llm-model-label">模型名</label>
+        <input id="llm-model" spellcheck="false" placeholder="填写服务商提供的模型 ID">
       </div>
       <div class="row">
         <label for="llm-key">API Key</label>
diff --git a/src/renderer/settings.js b/src/renderer/settings.js
index 5e06d95..172e1a4 100644
--- a/src/renderer/settings.js
+++ b/src/renderer/settings.js
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ const $ = (id) => document.getElementById(id);
 const api = window.xt; // 不能叫 xt：contextBridge 已把 xt 定义为不可重声明的全局
 let providers = [];
 let cfg = null;
+const liveModels = {}; // 服务商 id → 联网拿到的完整模型列表（目前只有 OpenRouter 会多出实时免费模型）
+const CUSTOM = '__custom__';
+let customModel = false; // 用户在下拉框里选了"自定义模型…"
 
 const errMsg = (e) => (e && e.message ? e.message : String(e)).replace(/^Error invoking remote method '[^']+': (Error: )?/, '');
 
@@ -34,15 +37,15 @@ function render() {
   if (document.activeElement !== $('llm-base')) $('llm-base').value = llm.baseUrl || '';
   if (document.activeElement !== $('llm-model')) $('llm-model').value = llm.model || '';
   const p = providers.find((x) => x.id === llm.provider) || {};
-  $('llm-models').replaceChildren(...(p.models || []).map((m) => Object.assign(document.createElement('option'), { value: m })));
+  renderModels(p, llm.model || '');
   $('llm-key').placeholder = llm.apiKeySet ? '已保存（留空则不修改）' : (p.keyOptional ? '本地模型可不填' : 'sk-…');
 
   const tip = $('key-tip');
   tip.replaceChildren();
   if (p.keyUrl) {
-    const a = Object.assign(document.createElement('a'), { href: p.keyUrl, target: '_blank', textContent: `去 ${p.name} 申请 Key` });
-    tip.append(a, '　Key 只加密保存在本机，只发给你选的服务商。', document.createElement('br'),
-      '建议用非推理模型（如 deepseek-chat、qwen-plus、glm-4-flash），推理模型要先思考，出译文慢很多。');
+    const a = Object.assign(document.createElement('a'), { href: p.keyUrl, target: '_blank', textContent: `去 ${p.name.split(' · ')[0]} 申请 Key` });
+    tip.append(a, '　Key 只加密保存在本机，只发给你选的服务商。');
+    if (p.note) tip.append(document.createElement('br'), p.note + '。');
   } else if (p.id === 'ollama') {
     tip.textContent = '需先在本机运行 Ollama 并拉取模型，例如 ollama pull qwen2.5:7b';
   }
@@ -56,6 +59,49 @@ function render() {
   $('login').checked = !!cfg.launchAtLogin;
 }
 
+function modelLabel(m) {
+  const tags = [];
+  if (m.free === 'free') tags.push('免费');
+  if (m.free === 'quota') tags.push('新用户免费额度');
+  if (m.note) tags.push(m.note);
+  return tags.length ? `${m.id}（${tags.join(' · ')}）` : m.id;
+}
+
+function option(value, text) {
+  return Object.assign(document.createElement('option'), { value, textContent: text });
+}
+
+// 下拉框：精选模型 → 实时免费模型 → 自定义；当前模型不在列表里就落到"自定义"
+function renderModels(p, model) {
+  const list = liveModels[p.id] || p.models || [];
+  const pick = $('llm-model-pick');
+  const curated = list.filter((m) => !m.live);
+  const live = list.filter((m) => m.live);
+  const children = curated.map((m) => option(m.id, modelLabel(m)));
+  if (live.length) {
+    const group = Object.assign(document.createElement('optgroup'), { label: '更多免费模型（实时）' });
+    group.append(...live.map((m) => option(m.id, modelLabel(m))));
+    children.push(group);
+  }
+  children.push(option(CUSTOM, '自定义模型…'));
+  pick.replaceChildren(...children);
+
+  const known = list.some((m) => m.id === model);
+  const custom = !list.length || customModel || !known;
+  pick.value = custom ? CUSTOM : model;
+  $('llm-model-pick').closest('.row').hidden = !list.length;
+  $('llm-model-row').hidden = !custom;
+  $('llm-model-label').textContent = list.length ? '模型名' : '模型';
+}
+
+async function loadModels(id) {
+  try {
+    const list = await api.listModels(id);
+    if (Array.isArray(list) && list.length) liveModels[id] = list;
+    render();
+  } catch { /* 拉不到就只用预设 */ }
+}
+
 // —— 引擎 ——
 for (const r of document.querySelectorAll('input[name=engine]')) {
   r.addEventListener('change', () => save({ engine: r.value }));
@@ -68,7 +114,21 @@ $('llm-provider').addEventListener('change', (e) => {
   const llm = { provider: p.id };
   if (p.id !== 'custom') Object.assign(llm, { baseUrl: p.baseUrl, model: p.model });
   setResult($('llm-result'), '');
+  customModel = false;
   save({ llm });
+  if (!liveModels[p.id]) loadModels(p.id);
+});
+$('llm-model-pick').addEventListener('change', (e) => {
+  if (e.target.value === CUSTOM) {
+    customModel = true;
+    render();
+    $('llm-model').focus();
+    $('llm-model').select();
+    return;
+  }
+  customModel = false;
+  setResult($('llm-result'), '');
+  save({ llm: { model: e.target.value } });
 });
 $('llm-base').addEventListener('change', (e) => save({ llm: { baseUrl: e.target.value.trim() } }));
 $('llm-model').addEventListener('change', (e) => save({ llm: { model: e.target.value.trim() } }));
@@ -168,4 +228,5 @@ api.onConfigChanged((c) => { cfg = c; render(); });
   $('llm-provider').replaceChildren(...providers.map((p) => Object.assign(document.createElement('option'), { value: p.id, textContent: p.name })));
   cfg = await api.getConfig();
   render();
+  loadModels(cfg.llm?.provider || 'zhipu');
 })();
diff --git a/test/config.test.js b/test/config.test.js
index 01a16a7..e209bff 100644
--- a/test/config.test.js
+++ b/test/config.test.js
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ test('加密可用时落盘不含明文，读回后内存里有 Key，公开接
   const pub = store.set({ llm: { apiKey: SECRET } });
   const disk = fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8');
   assert.equal(disk.includes(SECRET), false);
-  assert.match(disk, /"deepseek": "enc:/);
+  assert.match(disk, /"zhipu": "enc:/);
   assert.equal(pub.llm.apiKeySet, true);
   assert.equal(JSON.stringify(pub).includes(SECRET), false);
   assert.equal(store.get().llm.apiKey, SECRET);
diff --git a/test/providers.test.js b/test/providers.test.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea81486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/providers.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const test = require('node:test');
+const assert = require('node:assert');
+const { PROVIDERS, getProvider, modelExtra } = require('../src/main/providers');
+const { translateLLM } = require('../src/main/engines/llm');
+const { pickFreeModels } = require('../src/main/models');
+
+test('每个预设的默认模型都在自己的模型列表里，免费标记只用 free / quota', () => {
+  for (const p of PROVIDERS) {
+    if (!p.models.length) continue;
+    assert.ok(p.models.some((m) => m.id === p.model), p.id);
+    for (const m of p.models) assert.ok(m.free === undefined || m.free === 'free' || m.free === 'quota', m.id);
+  }
+  assert.equal(getProvider('nope').id, 'custom');
+});
+
+test('预设模型的额外参数会进请求体，自定义模型名不带', async () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(modelExtra('zhipu', 'glm-4.7-flash'), { thinking: { type: 'disabled' } });
+  assert.deepEqual(modelExtra('zhipu', 'my-own-model'), {});
+  let body;
+  await translateLLM({
+    text: '你好',
+    direction: 'zh2en',
+    llm: { provider: 'deepseek', baseUrl: 'https://example.com', model: 'deepseek-flash', apiKey: 'k' },
+    fetchImpl: async (_url, options) => {
+      body = JSON.parse(options.body);
+      return {
+        ok: true,
+        status: 200,
+        body: new ReadableStream({ start(c) { c.enqueue(Buffer.from('data: {"choices":[{"delta":{"content":"Hi"}}]}\n\ndata: [DONE]\n\n')); c.close(); } }),
+      };
+    },
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(body.thinking, { type: 'disabled' });
+  assert.equal(body.model, 'deepseek-flash');
+  assert.equal(body.stream, true);
+});
+
+test('OpenRouter 免费模型：只留 :free、去掉已推荐的和不适合翻译的，按上下文排序截断', () => {
+  const data = [
+    { id: 'google/gemma-4-31b-it:free', name: 'Gemma 4 31B (free)', context_length: 262144 },
+    { id: 'foo/bar:free', name: 'Bar (free)', context_length: 8000 },
+    { id: 'foo/big:free', name: 'Big (free)', context_length: 128000 },
+    { id: 'nvidia/nemotron-3.5-content-safety:free', name: 'Safety', context_length: 128000 },
+    { id: 'cohere/north-mini-code:free', name: 'Code', context_length: 256000 },
+    { id: 'paid/model', name: 'Paid', context_length: 999999 },
+  ];
+  const out = pickFreeModels(data, ['google/gemma-4-31b-it:free'], 10);
+  assert.deepEqual(out.map((m) => m.id), ['foo/big:free', 'foo/bar:free']);
+  assert.equal(out[0].free, 'free');
+  assert.equal(out[0].extra.reasoning.enabled, false);
+  assert.equal(pickFreeModels(data, [], 1).length, 1);
+});
+
+function okStream(text) {
+  return {
+    ok: true,
+    status: 200,
+    body: new ReadableStream({ start(c) { c.enqueue(Buffer.from(`data: {"choices":[{"delta":{"content":"${text}"}}]}\n\ndata: [DONE]\n\n`)); c.close(); } }),
+  };
+}
+const busy = () => ({ ok: false, status: 429, text: async () => '' });
+const orLLM = { provider: 'openrouter', baseUrl: 'https://openrouter.ai/api/v1', model: 'google/gemma-4-31b-it:free', apiKey: 'k' };
+
+test('OpenRouter 免费模型带上最多 3 个备用模型并关闭思考；付费模型不带', () => {
+  const extra = modelExtra('openrouter', 'google/gemma-4-31b-it:free');
+  assert.equal(extra.models.length, 3);
+  assert.equal(extra.models[0], 'google/gemma-4-31b-it:free');
+  assert.equal(new Set(extra.models).size, 3);
+  assert.deepEqual(extra.reasoning, { enabled: false });
+  assert.equal(modelExtra('openrouter', 'some/new-model:free').models[0], 'some/new-model:free');
+  assert.deepEqual(modelExtra('openrouter', 'deepseek/deepseek-chat'), {});
+});
+
+test('免费模型 429 时自动重试一次，成功就返回', async () => {
+  let calls = 0;
+  const text = await translateLLM({
+    text: '你好', direction: 'zh2en', llm: orLLM, retryDelayMs: 1,
+    fetchImpl: async () => (++calls === 1 ? busy() : okStream('Hi')),
+  });
+  assert.equal(text, 'Hi');
+  assert.equal(calls, 2);
+});
+
+test('免费模型重试后仍 429，报"免费模型太忙"', async () => {
+  let calls = 0;
+  await assert.rejects(
+    translateLLM({ text: '你好', direction: 'zh2en', llm: orLLM, retryDelayMs: 1, fetchImpl: async () => { calls++; return busy(); } }),
+    (err) => err.code === 'FREE_BUSY',
+  );
+  assert.equal(calls, 2);
+  const { userMessage } = require('../src/main/errors');
+  assert.match(userMessage({ code: 'FREE_BUSY' }), /免费模型这会儿太忙/);
+});