diff --git a/openless -all/app/src-tauri/src/types.rs b/openless -all/app/src-tauri/src/types.rs
index 88feccad..7fdaa8c8 100644
--- a/openless -all/app/src-tauri/src/types.rs	
+++ b/openless -all/app/src-tauri/src/types.rs	
@@ -57,12 +57,22 @@ pub struct DictationSession {
 pub struct DictionaryEntry {
     pub id: String,
     pub phrase: String,
+    /// Swift `DictionaryEntry.swift` 用的是 `notes`(复数)；Rust 用 `note`(单数)。
+    /// alias 接受老文件 + 自身字段名。
+    #[serde(default, alias = "notes")]
     pub note: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default = "default_true")]
     pub enabled: bool,
+    /// Swift 用 `hitCount`,Rust 用 `hits`。alias + default 让老文件不缺字段。
+    #[serde(default, alias = "hitCount")]
     pub hits: u64,
+    /// Swift 写 ISO8601;Rust 也用 String,直接通过。
+    #[serde(default)]
     pub created_at: String,
 }
 
+fn default_true() -> bool { true }
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct UserPreferences {
diff --git a/openless -all/app/src/pages/Vocab.tsx b/openless -all/app/src/pages/Vocab.tsx
index 8267439b..b3d9e6ed 100644
--- a/openless -all/app/src/pages/Vocab.tsx	
+++ b/openless -all/app/src/pages/Vocab.tsx	
@@ -11,10 +11,19 @@ export function Vocab() {
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
   const inputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
 
+  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
+
   const refresh = async () => {
-    const data = await listVocab();
-    setEntries(data);
-    setLoading(false);
+    try {
+      setError(null);
+      const data = await listVocab();
+      setEntries(data);
+    } catch (e) {
+      // 之前没 try/catch,后端 decode 失败时 spinner 永久卡死。
+      setError(e instanceof Error ? e.message : String(e));
+    } finally {
+      setLoading(false);
+    }
   };
 
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -82,12 +91,17 @@ export function Vocab() {
         </div>
         <div style={{ padding: 18, display: 'flex', flexWrap: 'wrap', gap: 8, minHeight: 80 }}>
           {loading && <div style={{ fontSize: 12, color: 'var(--ol-ink-4)' }}>加载中…</div>}
-          {!loading && entries.length === 0 && (
+          {!loading && error && (
+            <div style={{ fontSize: 12, color: 'var(--ol-err)', lineHeight: 1.6 }}>
+              加载失败:{error}
+            </div>
+          )}
+          {!loading && !error && entries.length === 0 && (
             <div style={{ fontSize: 12, color: 'var(--ol-ink-4)' }}>
               还没有词条。在上面输入一个生词或专业术语，让模型在听写时优先匹配。
             </div>
           )}
-          {entries.map(e => (
+          {!error && entries.map(e => (
             <VocabChip key={e.id} entry={e} onRemove={() => onRemove(e.id)} onToggle={() => onToggle(e)} />
           ))}
         </div>