diff --git a/CLAUDE.md b/CLAUDE.md
index 3afa6bb..ed9bcc1 100644
--- a/CLAUDE.md
+++ b/CLAUDE.md
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ cargo test -- --ignored                     # 会读写真实钥匙串的测试
 - `app/` — `actions.rs` 定义全部用户命令（`gpui_kit::actions!` 单元动作 + 携带 `SessionId` / `GroupId` 的 `session_action!` / `group_action!` 动作）；`paths.rs` 解析数据目录（`SHELLR_DATA_DIR` → `dirs::data_dir()/shellr`）与数据库路径；`mod.rs` 绑定快捷键、初始化 gpui-kit 并 `set_locale("zh-CN")`；`assets.rs` 用 `icon_assets!` 把额外的 Lucide 图标并入默认图标包——额外图标用 `CatalogIcon::*`，默认包用 `IconName::*`；`OS_ICONS` 另外嵌入 `assets/icons/os/*.svg`（各操作系统的真实 logo，取自 Simple Icons，CC0；Windows 那个是自己画的四格，Simple Icons 已下架），用 `Icon::default().path(os.icon_path())` 渲染。
 - `session/` — `model.rs`（Session / SessionGroup / SessionDraft / GroupDraft / `HostOs`；`Session.group` 与 `SessionGroup.parent` 都是 `Option<GroupId>`，`Session.os` 是 `Option<HostOs>`）、`database.rs`（`SessionDatabase`：rusqlite 连接、`PRAGMA user_version` 迁移、行与模型的映射）、`store.rs`（`SessionStore` 实体，**内存是唯一事实来源**，写穿到数据库）、`outline.rs`（纯函数：store → `TreeItem`，递归铺开嵌套分组；节点 id 形如 `g:<id>` / `s:<id>`；`group_options` 给表单提供按全路径标注的分组列表）、`session_panel.rs`（左侧 Dock 面板：搜索 + 树 + 右键菜单）、`session_dialog.rs`、`group_dialog.rs`（`GroupForm`、`open_group_dialog`、`confirm_delete_group`）。
 - `terminal/` — 本地终端是真的：`transport.rs`（字节流传输的 trait）、`local_pty.rs`（`portable-pty` 实现，跑在专用线程上）、`engine.rs`（驱动 `alacritty_terminal`，解析线程 + 16ms UI 轮询批量刷新）、`terminal_view.rs`（网格渲染、选区、输入编码）、`local_terminal_panel.rs`（⌘T 开的本地标签页）、`model.rs`。远程会话的传输在 `ssh/`，中间区的标签页是 `terminal_panel.rs`。共享 prompt 协议位于 `connection.rs`，`transport.rs` 通过 `TerminalPrompt` / `TerminalPromptKind` / `TerminalSecret` 重导出保持兼容。
-- `ssh/` — `probe.rs`（探测远端系统的命令与纯解析函数，外加驱动两步探测的 `HostOsProbe` 状态机）、`transport.rs`：真实的 russh 客户端。known_hosts 校验写 `<data_dir>/known_hosts`（**不碰** `~/.ssh/known_hosts`），认证链是 agent → publickey → password → keyboard-interactive。密码和私钥口令先查 `secrets`，查不到或被服务器拒绝才走 prompt 弹框；被拒绝时**不删**钥匙串条目，只在弹框说明里讲清原因。
+- `ssh/` — `probe.rs`（探测远端系统的命令与纯解析函数，外加驱动两步探测的 `HostOsProbe` 状态机）、`transport.rs`：真实的 russh 客户端。known_hosts 校验写 `<data_dir>/known_hosts`（**不碰** `~/.ssh/known_hosts`），认证链是 agent → publickey → password → keyboard-interactive。密码和私钥口令先查 `secrets`，查不到或被服务器拒绝才走 prompt 弹框；被拒绝时**不删**钥匙串条目，只在弹框说明里讲清原因。shell 起来后主循环每 5 秒用 `Handle::send_ping()`（`keepalive@openssh.com`，服务器回成功或失败都算回复）量一次往返，5 秒没回就记为超时，结果以 `TerminalTransportEvent::Latency` 送出；引擎把最新一次存成状态（和 `lifecycle` 一样，重启、退出、失败时清空），`TerminalPanel::title_suffix` 在标签栏右侧显示：< 100 ms 用 `success`，100–200 ms 用 `warning`，> 200 ms 或超时用 `danger`，分档在 `Latency::level`。
 - `secrets/` — 系统钥匙串（`keyring` 4：macOS Keychain / Windows 凭据管理器 / Secret Service）。`SecretRef` 决定归属：密码按 `user@host:port`（改名、复制会话都不丢，同一台机器的多个会话共用一条），私钥口令按文件路径（同一把钥匙只问一次）。`SecretStore` 的三个方法全是阻塞的，**只能**在后台执行器或传输层工作线程上调用。`InMemorySecretStore` 给测试，`NoSecretStore` 给没有钥匙串的机器（界面据此禁用密码字段）。
 - `explorer/` — 目录与选择快照、`DataTable` 双栏、上传确认 / 冲突对话框、进度和取消 / 恢复展示。`ExplorerAction` 统一路由到工作区；文件扫描与网络操作在后台，目录响应按请求编号丢弃过期结果。
 - `sftp/` — 可注入传输与本地目录接口、`RemotePath`、russh-sftp 3.0.0 协议适配、有界并发分块上传、UUID 临时文件、安全替换、原子 JSON 续传记录和三次自动重连。`ssh/connection.rs` 的 `SshConnector` 与终端共享认证、钥匙串服务及 known_hosts 写锁。
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ cargo test -- --ignored                     # 会读写真实钥匙串的测试
 
 ## 测试约定
 
-UI 测试（`tests/ui.rs`）在无头窗口里渲染真实的 `Workspace`，通过 `gpui_kit::test::TestWindowExt`（`click`、`double_click`、`input`、`press`、`find`、`within`）驱动。`Workspace::new` 要求外部传入 `Entity<SessionStore>`：生产环境由 `main.rs` 从数据库加载，测试用 `open_workspace_with_store` 注入 `SessionStore::seed()`（或一个临时文件上的真库）。**不要用右键菜单驱动测试**：菜单项的 ElementId 只是序号，而且 `PopupMenu` 实体会让测试以「leaked handles」失败；直接 `window.dispatch_action` 派发菜单会派发的那个动作。测试模块里要显式导入类型，`use gpui_kit::*` 会遮蔽 `#[test]`。被测试查询的元素带稳定的领域 id，自定义 `div` 还要加 `.test_support()`：`("session-row", id)`、`("session-os", id)` 与开始页的 `("recent-session-os", id)`（`aria_label` 是系统名，未探测时是「未探测到系统」）、`("group-row", id)`、`("terminal", id)`、`("explorer", id)`、`("local-pane"|"remote-pane", id)`、`("close-terminal", id)`、`("close-explorer", id)`、标签标题 `("terminal-tab", id)` / `("explorer-tab", session_id)` / `("local-terminal-tab", id)`（`aria_label` 是标签文字）、`("terminal-tab-os", id)`、`tab-name`（重命名标签对话框）、`recent-sessions`、`("recent-session", id)`、`recent-new-session`、`session-search`、`new-session`、`new-group`、`theme-toggle`、`status-connection`、`commit`、`ok`（确认对话框）、`form-error`、`session-name` / `-host` / `-port` / `-user` / `-auth` / `-key-path` / `-password` / `-passphrase`、`group-name`、`remote-path`。被遮蔽的输入框在测试里读不到值（`ElementSnapshot::value()` 返回 `None`），所以密码相关的断言一律查注入的 `InMemorySecretStore`，不查界面。动作派发和 `set_active` 都是延迟执行的：先退出 `update_window`，调用 `cx.run_until_parked()`，再 `render_frame` 后断言。种子会话 id 按插入顺序（`web-01`=1 … `dev-box`=6），种子分组同理（`生产`=1、`测试`=2、`开发`=3）；`web-01` 与 `staging-api` 初始为已连接并已打开终端标签。
+UI 测试（`tests/ui.rs`）在无头窗口里渲染真实的 `Workspace`，通过 `gpui_kit::test::TestWindowExt`（`click`、`double_click`、`input`、`press`、`find`、`within`）驱动。`Workspace::new` 要求外部传入 `Entity<SessionStore>`：生产环境由 `main.rs` 从数据库加载，测试用 `open_workspace_with_store` 注入 `SessionStore::seed()`（或一个临时文件上的真库）。**不要用右键菜单驱动测试**：菜单项的 ElementId 只是序号，而且 `PopupMenu` 实体会让测试以「leaked handles」失败；直接 `window.dispatch_action` 派发菜单会派发的那个动作。测试模块里要显式导入类型，`use gpui_kit::*` 会遮蔽 `#[test]`。被测试查询的元素带稳定的领域 id，自定义 `div` 还要加 `.test_support()`：`("session-row", id)`、`("session-os", id)` 与开始页的 `("recent-session-os", id)`（`aria_label` 是系统名，未探测时是「未探测到系统」）、`("group-row", id)`、`("terminal", id)`、`("explorer", id)`、`("local-pane"|"remote-pane", id)`、`("close-terminal", id)`、`("close-explorer", id)`、标签标题 `("terminal-tab", id)` / `("explorer-tab", session_id)` / `("local-terminal-tab", id)`（`aria_label` 是标签文字）、`("terminal-tab-os", id)`、`("terminal-latency", id)`（`aria_label` 是「32 ms」或「超时」）、`tab-name`（重命名标签对话框）、`recent-sessions`、`("recent-session", id)`、`recent-new-session`、`session-search`、`new-session`、`new-group`、`theme-toggle`、`status-connection`、`commit`、`ok`（确认对话框）、`form-error`、`session-name` / `-host` / `-port` / `-user` / `-auth` / `-key-path` / `-password` / `-passphrase`、`group-name`、`remote-path`。被遮蔽的输入框在测试里读不到值（`ElementSnapshot::value()` 返回 `None`），所以密码相关的断言一律查注入的 `InMemorySecretStore`，不查界面。动作派发和 `set_active` 都是延迟执行的：先退出 `update_window`，调用 `cx.run_until_parked()`，再 `render_frame` 后断言。种子会话 id 按插入顺序（`web-01`=1 … `dev-box`=6），种子分组同理（`生产`=1、`测试`=2、`开发`=3）；`web-01` 与 `staging-api` 初始为已连接并已打开终端标签。
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index dcc39e7..2a0bb5a 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 ## 标签页
 
-远程终端标签以主机系统徽章为图标。右键标签可重命名（仅本次运行有效，留空恢复为会话名称，用于区分同一台主机的多个连接）、在新标签页中连接、打开 SFTP、复制 IP 地址 / 主机名、重新连接、编辑会话，以及关闭当前、左侧、右侧、其他或全部标签。SFTP 标签的菜单是「编辑会话…」加关闭命令，本地终端标签是「重新启动」加关闭命令。标签栏右侧「…」按钮的菜单与当前标签的右键菜单相同。批量关闭时，正在上传的 SFTP 标签仍会先确认。
+远程终端标签以主机系统徽章为图标。右键标签可重命名（仅本次运行有效，留空恢复为会话名称，用于区分同一台主机的多个连接）、在新标签页中连接、打开 SFTP、复制 IP 地址 / 主机名、重新连接、编辑会话，以及关闭当前、左侧、右侧、其他或全部标签。SFTP 标签的菜单是「编辑会话…」加关闭命令，本地终端标签是「重新启动」加关闭命令。标签栏右侧「…」按钮的菜单与当前标签的右键菜单相同。远程终端运行时，标签栏右侧显示这条 SSH 连接的往返延迟，每 5 秒更新一次：低于 100 ms 为绿色，100–200 ms 为黄色，高于 200 ms 或超时为红色。批量关闭时，正在上传的 SFTP 标签仍会先确认。
 
 ## SFTP 上传
 
diff --git a/src/ssh/transport.rs b/src/ssh/transport.rs
index 17ce9ac..8dbde6e 100644
--- a/src/ssh/transport.rs
+++ b/src/ssh/transport.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use crate::{
     secrets::SharedSecretStore,
     session::Session,
     terminal::{
-        RemoteTerminalTransportProvider, SharedTerminalTransportFactory, TerminalSize,
+        Latency, RemoteTerminalTransportProvider, SharedTerminalTransportFactory, TerminalSize,
         TerminalTransport, TerminalTransportCommand, TerminalTransportEvent,
         TerminalTransportFactory,
     },
@@ -15,17 +15,24 @@ use anyhow::{Context as _, Result, anyhow, bail};
 use async_channel::Sender;
 use russh::{ChannelMsg, client};
 use std::{
+    future::Future,
     path::PathBuf,
+    pin::Pin,
     sync::{
         Arc,
         atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
         mpsc,
     },
     thread,
-    time::Duration,
+    time::{Duration, Instant},
 };
 use tokio::sync::{mpsc as tokio_mpsc, watch};
+use tokio::time::MissedTickBehavior;
 const SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(2);
+/// How often the connection's round trip is measured while the shell runs.
+const LATENCY_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
+/// A ping unanswered for this long reads as timed out.
+const LATENCY_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
 
 /// Production remote-terminal adapter for the shared SSH connector.
 pub struct SshTerminalTransportProvider {
@@ -181,6 +188,17 @@ impl SshTerminalTransport {
         let mut probe = HostOsProbe::new();
         let mut probe_channel = open_probe(&handle, probe.command()).await;
 
+        // Round trips are measured with `keepalive@openssh.com`, which every
+        // server answers (a refusal is an answer too), so this is the SSH-level
+        // delay a keystroke's echo sees. The ping queues behind output on the
+        // same connection: during a flood of output the reading rises, which is
+        // the responsiveness the user actually gets. It doubles as a keepalive.
+        // The first tick fires at once, so a reading shows up right after
+        // connecting; a new ping only goes out once the last one has settled.
+        let mut latency_ticker = tokio::time::interval(LATENCY_INTERVAL);
+        latency_ticker.set_missed_tick_behavior(MissedTickBehavior::Delay);
+        let mut ping: Option<Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = Latency> + Send + '_>>> = None;
+
         let mut exit_code = 0;
         let mut exit_signal = None;
         loop {
@@ -237,6 +255,20 @@ impl SshTerminalTransport {
                         _ => {}
                     }
                 },
+                _ = latency_ticker.tick(), if ping.is_none() => {
+                    let handle = &handle;
+                    ping = Some(Box::pin(async move {
+                        let sent = Instant::now();
+                        match tokio::time::timeout(LATENCY_TIMEOUT, handle.send_ping()).await {
+                            Ok(Ok(())) => Latency::Measured(sent.elapsed()),
+                            _ => Latency::TimedOut,
+                        }
+                    }));
+                },
+                latency = async { ping.as_mut().expect("guarded").await }, if ping.is_some() => {
+                    ping = None;
+                    let _ = events.send(TerminalTransportEvent::Latency(latency)).await;
+                },
                 message = channel.wait() => match message {
                     Some(ChannelMsg::Data { data }) | Some(ChannelMsg::ExtendedData { data, .. }) => {
                         if events.send(TerminalTransportEvent::Output(data.to_vec())).await.is_err() {
@@ -629,8 +661,8 @@ mod tests {
         connect(session, known_hosts, secrets, false, answer)
     }
 
-    /// Same, but waits for the host-operating-system probe to report before
-    /// shutting the connection down.
+    /// Same, but waits for the host-operating-system probe and the first
+    /// round-trip measurement to report before shutting the connection down.
     fn connect_and_probe(
         session: Session,
         known_hosts: &Path,
@@ -644,6 +676,7 @@ mod tests {
     struct ConnectionReport {
         prompts: Vec<TerminalPromptKind>,
         host_os: Option<HostOs>,
+        latency: Option<Latency>,
     }
 
     /// Connect, answer whatever is asked, then shut down. The report says what
@@ -684,18 +717,25 @@ mod tests {
                 TerminalTransportEvent::Started => break,
                 TerminalTransportEvent::Failed(error) => panic!("SSH failed: {error}"),
                 TerminalTransportEvent::Exited { .. } => panic!("unexpected early exit"),
-                TerminalTransportEvent::HostOsDetected(_) | TerminalTransportEvent::Output(_) => {}
+                TerminalTransportEvent::HostOsDetected(_)
+                | TerminalTransportEvent::Latency(_)
+                | TerminalTransportEvent::Output(_) => {}
             }
         }
-        // The probe opens its channel after the shell is up, so its answer
-        // lands after `Started`. Only the tests that care pay the wait.
+        // The probe and the first ping start after the shell is up, so their
+        // answers land after `Started`. Only the tests that care pay the wait.
         if wait_for_host_os {
             // Loopback answers in single-digit milliseconds; this only runs
             // out for a host that never answers at all.
             let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(1);
-            while report.host_os.is_none() && std::time::Instant::now() < deadline {
+            while (report.host_os.is_none() || report.latency.is_none())
+                && std::time::Instant::now() < deadline
+            {
                 match event_rx.try_recv() {
                     Ok(TerminalTransportEvent::HostOsDetected(os)) => report.host_os = Some(os),
+                    Ok(TerminalTransportEvent::Latency(latency)) => {
+                        report.latency.get_or_insert(latency);
+                    }
                     Ok(_) => {}
                     Err(async_channel::TryRecvError::Empty) => {
                         thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5))
@@ -768,7 +808,7 @@ mod tests {
                     TerminalPromptKind::HostKeyChanged(_) => panic!("unexpected changed key"),
                 },
                 TerminalTransportEvent::Started => started = true,
-                TerminalTransportEvent::HostOsDetected(_) => {}
+                TerminalTransportEvent::HostOsDetected(_) | TerminalTransportEvent::Latency(_) => {}
                 TerminalTransportEvent::Output(bytes) => {
                     ready |= String::from_utf8_lossy(&bytes).contains("ready")
                 }
@@ -983,6 +1023,12 @@ mod tests {
             vec![PROBE_COMMAND.to_string()],
             "认出来了就不该再问第二遍"
         );
+        // The server answered the keepalive ping, so there is a real reading.
+        assert!(
+            matches!(report.latency, Some(Latency::Measured(_))),
+            "连上之后应当马上测到一次往返延迟：{:?}",
+            report.latency
+        );
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/src/terminal/engine.rs b/src/terminal/engine.rs
index 80a070e..029c41e 100644
--- a/src/terminal/engine.rs
+++ b/src/terminal/engine.rs
@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@ use alacritty_terminal::vte::ansi::{Color, CursorShape, CursorStyle, Processor,
 use crate::session::HostOs;
 
 use super::{
-    SharedTerminalTransportFactory, TerminalLifecycle, TerminalPrompt, TerminalPromptReply,
-    TerminalSize, TerminalStatus, TerminalTransportCommand, TerminalTransportEvent,
+    Latency, SharedTerminalTransportFactory, TerminalLifecycle, TerminalPrompt,
+    TerminalPromptReply, TerminalSize, TerminalStatus, TerminalTransportCommand,
+    TerminalTransportEvent,
 };
 
 pub type AlacrittyTerm = Term<TerminalEventProxy>;
@@ -68,6 +69,8 @@ pub struct TerminalEngine {
     runtime: TerminalRuntime,
     lifecycle: TerminalLifecycle,
     title: Option<String>,
+    /// The connection's latest round trip, while one is running.
+    latency: Option<Latency>,
     generation: u64,
     size: TerminalSize,
     event_sender: mpsc::Sender<TerminalUiEvent>,
@@ -89,6 +92,7 @@ impl TerminalEngine {
             runtime,
             lifecycle: TerminalLifecycle::Starting,
             title: None,
+            latency: None,
             generation,
             size,
             event_sender,
@@ -143,10 +147,13 @@ impl TerminalEngine {
             TerminalUiEventKind::ResetTitle => self.title = None,
             TerminalUiEventKind::Exited { code, signal } => {
                 self.lifecycle = TerminalLifecycle::Exited { code, signal };
+                self.latency = None;
             }
             TerminalUiEventKind::Failed(error) => {
                 self.lifecycle = TerminalLifecycle::Failed(error);
+                self.latency = None;
             }
+            TerminalUiEventKind::Latency(latency) => self.latency = Some(latency),
             TerminalUiEventKind::Prompt(prompt) => {
                 return Some(TerminalEngineEvent::PromptRequested(prompt));
             }
@@ -167,6 +174,7 @@ impl TerminalEngine {
         self.runtime.shutdown();
         self.lifecycle = TerminalLifecycle::Starting;
         self.title = None;
+        self.latency = None;
         self.runtime = TerminalRuntime::start(
             self.generation,
             self.size,
@@ -332,6 +340,10 @@ impl TerminalEngine {
         self.title.as_deref()
     }
 
+    pub fn latency(&self) -> Option<Latency> {
+        self.latency
+    }
+
     pub fn status(&self) -> TerminalStatus {
         let term = self.runtime.term.lock();
         let cursor = term.grid().cursor.point;
@@ -476,6 +488,13 @@ impl TerminalRuntime {
                                 TerminalUiEventKind::HostOs(os),
                             );
                         }
+                        TerminalTransportEvent::Latency(latency) => {
+                            send_ui(
+                                &parser_ui_events,
+                                generation,
+                                TerminalUiEventKind::Latency(latency),
+                            );
+                        }
                         TerminalTransportEvent::Prompt(prompt) => {
                             send_ui(
                                 &parser_ui_events,
@@ -661,6 +680,7 @@ enum TerminalUiEventKind {
     Failed(String),
     Prompt(TerminalPrompt),
     HostOs(HostOs),
+    Latency(Latency),
     ColorRequest(usize, Arc<dyn Fn(Rgb) -> String + Send + Sync>),
 }
 
diff --git a/src/terminal/local_pty.rs b/src/terminal/local_pty.rs
index 39bb8ac..277b8b6 100644
--- a/src/terminal/local_pty.rs
+++ b/src/terminal/local_pty.rs
@@ -171,7 +171,8 @@ mod tests {
                     TerminalTransportEvent::Started
                     | TerminalTransportEvent::Failed(_)
                     | TerminalTransportEvent::Prompt(_)
-                    | TerminalTransportEvent::HostOsDetected(_),
+                    | TerminalTransportEvent::HostOsDetected(_)
+                    | TerminalTransportEvent::Latency(_),
                 ) => {}
                 Err(async_channel::TryRecvError::Empty) => thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5)),
                 Err(async_channel::TryRecvError::Closed) => break,
diff --git a/src/terminal/mod.rs b/src/terminal/mod.rs
index 87ad492..29a9ea5 100644
--- a/src/terminal/mod.rs
+++ b/src/terminal/mod.rs
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ pub use engine::{TerminalCell, TerminalEngine, TerminalEngineEvent, TerminalSnap
 pub use local_pty::LocalPtyTransportFactory;
 pub use local_terminal_panel::{LocalTerminalPanel, LocalTerminalPanelEvent};
 pub use model::{
-    LocalTerminalId, RemoteTerminalId, TerminalLifecycle, TerminalSize, TerminalStatus,
+    Latency, LatencyLevel, LocalTerminalId, RemoteTerminalId, TerminalLifecycle, TerminalSize,
+    TerminalStatus,
 };
 pub use rename_tab_dialog::open_rename_tab_dialog;
 pub use terminal_panel::{TerminalPanel, TerminalPanelEvent};
diff --git a/src/terminal/model.rs b/src/terminal/model.rs
index 00cfa7c..4c04d5e 100644
--- a/src/terminal/model.rs
+++ b/src/terminal/model.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use std::fmt;
+use std::time::Duration;
 
 use alacritty_terminal::grid::Dimensions;
 use serde::Deserialize;
@@ -11,6 +12,40 @@ pub struct LocalTerminalId(pub u64);
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Deserialize)]
 pub struct RemoteTerminalId(pub u64);
 
+/// The last round trip measured on a remote connection: how long the server
+/// took to answer, or that it did not answer in time.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum Latency {
+    Measured(Duration),
+    TimedOut,
+}
+
+/// How a latency reads to someone typing: echo is instant below 100 ms,
+/// noticeable up to 200 ms, and sluggish beyond.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum LatencyLevel {
+    Good,
+    Fair,
+    Poor,
+}
+
+impl Latency {
+    pub fn level(self) -> LatencyLevel {
+        match self {
+            Latency::Measured(rtt) if rtt < Duration::from_millis(100) => LatencyLevel::Good,
+            Latency::Measured(rtt) if rtt <= Duration::from_millis(200) => LatencyLevel::Fair,
+            Latency::Measured(_) | Latency::TimedOut => LatencyLevel::Poor,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn label(self) -> String {
+        match self {
+            Latency::Measured(rtt) => format!("{} ms", rtt.as_millis()),
+            Latency::TimedOut => "超时".into(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// The dimensions shared by the emulator and a terminal transport.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct TerminalSize {
@@ -142,3 +177,32 @@ impl TerminalStatus {
         self.title.as_deref()
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod latency_tests {
+    use std::time::Duration;
+
+    use super::{Latency, LatencyLevel};
+
+    fn ms(millis: u64) -> Latency {
+        Latency::Measured(Duration::from_millis(millis))
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn latency_levels_split_at_100_and_200_ms() {
+        assert_eq!(ms(99).level(), LatencyLevel::Good);
+        assert_eq!(ms(100).level(), LatencyLevel::Fair);
+        assert_eq!(ms(200).level(), LatencyLevel::Fair);
+        assert_eq!(ms(201).level(), LatencyLevel::Poor);
+        assert_eq!(Latency::TimedOut.level(), LatencyLevel::Poor);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn latency_labels_show_whole_milliseconds() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            Latency::Measured(Duration::from_micros(32_900)).label(),
+            "32 ms"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(Latency::TimedOut.label(), "超时");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/terminal/terminal_panel.rs b/src/terminal/terminal_panel.rs
index 7aa37a7..863d0c8 100644
--- a/src/terminal/terminal_panel.rs
+++ b/src/terminal/terminal_panel.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use gpui_kit::component::{
-    Icon, IconName, Sizable as _,
+    ActiveTheme as _, Icon, IconName, Sizable as _,
     button::Button,
     dock::{BasePanel, Panel, PanelEvent, TabGroup},
     menu::PopupMenu,
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ use crate::session::{HostOs, SessionId, SessionStore};
 use crate::shared::{ClosableTabTitle, HostMark, close_tab_items};
 
 use super::{
-    RemoteTerminalId, SharedRemoteTerminalTransportProvider, TerminalLifecycle, TerminalPrompt,
-    TerminalPromptReply, TerminalView, TerminalViewEvent,
+    LatencyLevel, RemoteTerminalId, SharedRemoteTerminalTransportProvider, TerminalLifecycle,
+    TerminalPrompt, TerminalPromptReply, TerminalView, TerminalViewEvent,
 };
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -253,6 +253,35 @@ impl Panel for TerminalPanel {
             .context_menu(move |menu, _, cx| tab_menu.build(menu, cx))
     }
 
+    /// The connection's latest round trip, beside the toolbar. Shown only
+    /// while the shell runs, so a dropped connection leaves no stale number.
+    fn title_suffix(&mut self, _: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> Option<impl IntoElement> {
+        let terminal = self.terminal.read(cx);
+        if terminal.lifecycle(cx) != TerminalLifecycle::Running {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let latency = terminal.latency(cx)?;
+        let color = match latency.level() {
+            LatencyLevel::Good => cx.theme().success,
+            LatencyLevel::Fair => cx.theme().warning,
+            LatencyLevel::Poor => cx.theme().danger,
+        };
+        let label = latency.label();
+        Some(
+            div()
+                .id(("terminal-latency", self.id.0))
+                .test_support()
+                .aria_label(label.clone())
+                // Keeps the buttons beside it still as the digits change.
+                .min_w_12()
+                .text_xs()
+                .font_weight(FontWeight::BOLD)
+                .text_right()
+                .text_color(color)
+                .child(label),
+        )
+    }
+
     fn toolbar_buttons(&mut self, _: &mut Window, _: &mut Context<Self>) -> Option<Vec<Button>> {
         let session_id = self.session_id;
         let terminal_id = self.id;
diff --git a/src/terminal/terminal_view.rs b/src/terminal/terminal_view.rs
index baa08f9..8bafe2b 100644
--- a/src/terminal/terminal_view.rs
+++ b/src/terminal/terminal_view.rs
@@ -16,8 +16,9 @@ use crate::app::{CopyTerminal, PasteTerminal};
 use crate::session::HostOs;
 
 use super::{
-    SharedTerminalTransportFactory, TerminalEngine, TerminalEngineEvent, TerminalLifecycle,
-    TerminalPrompt, TerminalPromptReply, TerminalSize, TerminalSnapshot, TerminalStatus,
+    Latency, SharedTerminalTransportFactory, TerminalEngine, TerminalEngineEvent,
+    TerminalLifecycle, TerminalPrompt, TerminalPromptReply, TerminalSize, TerminalSnapshot,
+    TerminalStatus,
 };
 
 pub const TERMINAL_KEY_CONTEXT: &str = "Terminal";
@@ -309,6 +310,10 @@ impl TerminalView {
         self.engine.read(cx).title().map(str::to_owned)
     }
 
+    pub fn latency(&self, cx: &App) -> Option<Latency> {
+        self.engine.read(cx).latency()
+    }
+
     pub fn screen_text(&self, cx: &App) -> String {
         self.engine.read(cx).snapshot().visible_text()
     }
diff --git a/src/terminal/transport.rs b/src/terminal/transport.rs
index b6193ef..12d7280 100644
--- a/src/terminal/transport.rs
+++ b/src/terminal/transport.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::sync::{Arc, mpsc};
 use anyhow::Result;
 use async_channel::Sender;
 
-use super::TerminalSize;
+use super::{Latency, TerminalSize};
 use crate::session::{HostOs, Session};
 
 pub use crate::connection::{
@@ -48,6 +48,9 @@ pub enum TerminalTransportEvent {
     /// What the transport found running on the host. Sent once per successful
     /// connection, after the shell is up.
     HostOsDetected(HostOs),
+    /// A round trip measured on the live connection. Sent periodically while
+    /// the shell runs; transports without a network hop never send it.
+    Latency(Latency),
     Exited {
         code: u32,
         signal: Option<String>,
diff --git a/tests/ui.rs b/tests/ui.rs
index 7234b8b..cbb0238 100644
--- a/tests/ui.rs
+++ b/tests/ui.rs
@@ -29,9 +29,10 @@ use shellr::sftp::{
     SftpCommand, SftpEvent, SftpTransport, SftpTransportProvider, UploadRequest,
 };
 use shellr::terminal::{
-    FixedRemoteTerminalTransportProvider, LocalTerminalId, RemoteTerminalId, TerminalLifecycle,
-    TerminalPrompt, TerminalPromptField, TerminalPromptKind, TerminalPromptReply, TerminalSize,
-    TerminalTransport, TerminalTransportCommand, TerminalTransportEvent, TerminalTransportFactory,
+    FixedRemoteTerminalTransportProvider, Latency, LocalTerminalId, RemoteTerminalId,
+    TerminalLifecycle, TerminalPrompt, TerminalPromptField, TerminalPromptKind,
+    TerminalPromptReply, TerminalSize, TerminalTransport, TerminalTransportCommand,
+    TerminalTransportEvent, TerminalTransportFactory,
 };
 use shellr::workspace::Workspace;
 
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ enum FakeBehavior {
     ExitFirst,
     FailFirst,
     ReportsOs(HostOs),
+    ReportsLatency(Latency),
 }
 
 #[derive(Default)]
@@ -121,6 +123,13 @@ impl FakeTerminalFactory {
         }
     }
 
+    fn reports_latency(latency: Latency) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            behavior: FakeBehavior::ReportsLatency(latency),
+            ..Self::default()
+        }
+    }
+
     fn written_text(&self) -> String {
         let bytes: Vec<_> = self
             .writes
@@ -171,6 +180,9 @@ impl TerminalTransport for FakeTerminalTransport {
         if let FakeBehavior::ReportsOs(os) = self.behavior {
             events.send_blocking(TerminalTransportEvent::HostOsDetected(os))?;
         }
+        if let FakeBehavior::ReportsLatency(latency) = self.behavior {
+            events.send_blocking(TerminalTransportEvent::Latency(latency))?;
+        }
         events.send_blocking(TerminalTransportEvent::Output(
             format!(
                 "\x1b]0;测试终端 {}\x07run:{}$ alpha.txt 会议纪要.md\r\n",
@@ -2796,6 +2808,46 @@ async fn connecting_marks_the_session_with_the_host_operating_system(cx: &mut Te
     });
 }
 
+#[gpui_kit::test]
+async fn the_tab_bar_shows_the_connection_latency_while_it_runs(cx: &mut TestAppContext) {
+    let (store, id) = one_session_store(AuthKind::Auto);
+    let factory = Arc::new(FakeTerminalFactory::reports_latency(Latency::Measured(
+        Duration::from_millis(32),
+    )));
+    let (handle, _) = open_workspace_with_remote_factory(cx, store, factory);
+    // The first terminal of a store with nothing connected.
+    let terminal = 1_u64;
+    let latency = ("terminal-latency", terminal);
+
+    cx.update_window(handle.into(), |_, window, cx| {
+        window.render_frame(cx);
+        window
+            .within("session-tree")
+            .double_click(("session-row", id.0), cx);
+    })
+    .unwrap();
+    // Transport events reach the engine on its 16ms batching timer.
+    cx.wait_for(handle.into(), Duration::from_secs(2), |window, cx| {
+        window.render_frame(cx);
+        window
+            .try_find(latency)
+            .is_some_and(|element| element.label() == Some("32 ms"))
+    })
+    .await;
+
+    cx.update_window(handle.into(), |_, window, cx| {
+        window.render_frame(cx);
+        window.click(("close-terminal", terminal), cx);
+    })
+    .unwrap();
+    cx.run_until_parked();
+    cx.update_window(handle.into(), |_, window, cx| {
+        window.render_frame(cx);
+        assert!(window.try_find(latency).is_none());
+    })
+    .unwrap();
+}
+
 #[gpui_kit::test]
 async fn the_start_page_marks_recent_hosts_with_their_operating_system(cx: &mut TestAppContext) {
     let mut store = SessionStore::empty();