feat: v0.13.0 — add i18n support with Chinese/English translations

Implements a zero-dependency i18n framework with TypeScript type safety.
Thanks to @gy212 for the original i18n infrastructure design (PR #89)
and comprehensive translation files (PR #90-96) that inspired this implementation.

## New files (5)

- src/i18n/en.ts: English translations (source of truth, ~270 keys),
  exports TranslationKey type for compile-time key completeness
- src/i18n/zh.ts: Chinese translations, typed as Record<TranslationKey, string>
- src/i18n/index.ts: translate() function with {param} interpolation,
  Locale type, SUPPORTED_LOCALES array
- src/components/layout/I18nProvider.tsx: React Context provider,
  loads/persists locale preference via /api/settings/app
- src/hooks/useTranslation.ts: useTranslation() hook returning
  { locale, setLocale, t }

## Infrastructure wiring

- src/app/layout.tsx: I18nProvider wrapped inside ThemeProvider
- src/app/api/settings/app/route.ts: added "locale" to ALLOWED_KEYS
  for persistence

## Language picker

- src/components/settings/GeneralSection.tsx: added language selection
  dropdown (Select component) in Settings > General, using
  SUPPORTED_LOCALES and setLocale()

## String replacements (33 component files)

All hardcoded user-facing strings replaced with t() calls:

High priority (chat):
- ChatListPanel.tsx: session list, search, empty state, relative time
- NavRail.tsx: nav labels, theme toggle, auto-approve indicator
- MessageInput.tsx: command descriptions, mode labels, attach tooltip
- MessageList.tsx: empty state, load earlier, loading indicator
- StreamingMessage.tsx: thinking, permission actions
- chat/[id]/page.tsx: session title fallback

Settings:
- GeneralSection.tsx: update card, auto-approve section, warning dialog
- SettingsLayout.tsx: title, description, sidebar labels
- CliSettingsSection.tsx: form/json tabs, buttons, dynamic field labels
  (skipDangerousModePermissionPrompt etc.), Enabled/Disabled states
- ProviderForm.tsx: dialog title, form labels, buttons
- ProviderManager.tsx: status badges, delete dialog, section headers

Extensions:
- extensions/page.tsx: title, tab labels
- SkillsManager.tsx: empty state, loading, search
- SkillEditor.tsx: toolbar buttons, placeholder
- SkillListItem.tsx: delete confirmation
- CreateSkillDialog.tsx: form labels, scope, templates, validation

Plugins:
- McpManager.tsx: header, tabs, loading state
- McpServerList.tsx: empty state, badges, field labels
- McpServerEditor.tsx: dialog title, form labels, buttons
- ConfigEditor.tsx: save/format buttons

Layout:
- RightPanel.tsx: panel header, open/close tooltips
- FileTree.tsx: search placeholder, empty states
- FilePreview.tsx: back button, line count, copy path
- DocPreview.tsx: iframe title
- ConnectionStatus.tsx: install prompts, version display
- InstallWizard.tsx: phase descriptions, button labels
- ImportSessionDialog.tsx: search, relative time, import buttons
- FolderPicker.tsx: dialog title, loading, buttons
- TaskList.tsx: filter tabs, input placeholder, empty states

package-lock.json

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 {
   "name": "codepilot",
-  "version": "0.12.0",
+  "version": "0.13.0",
   "lockfileVersion": 3,
   "requires": true,
   "packages": {
     "": {
       "name": "codepilot",
-      "version": "0.12.0",
+      "version": "0.13.0",
       "dependencies": {
         "@anthropic-ai/claude-agent-sdk": "^0.2.33",
         "@hugeicons/core-free-icons": "^3.1.1",

package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "codepilot",
-  "version": "0.12.0",
+  "version": "0.13.0",
   "private": true,
   "author": {
     "name": "op7418",

src/app/api/settings/app/route.ts

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ const ALLOWED_KEYS = [
   'anthropic_auth_token',
   'anthropic_base_url',
   'dangerously_skip_permissions',
+  'locale',
 ];
 
 export async function GET() {

src/app/chat/[id]/page.tsx

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { Loading02Icon, PencilEdit01Icon } from "@hugeicons/core-free-icons";
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Tooltip, TooltipContent, TooltipTrigger } from '@/components/ui/tooltip';
 import { usePanel } from '@/hooks/usePanel';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/hooks/useTranslation';
 
 interface ChatSessionPageProps {
   params: Promise<{ id: string }>;
@@ -29,9 +30,10 @@ export default function ChatSessionPage({ params }: ChatSessionPageProps) {
   const [editTitle, setEditTitle] = useState('');
   const titleInputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
   const { setWorkingDirectory, setSessionId, setSessionTitle: setPanelSessionTitle, setPanelOpen } = usePanel();
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
 
   const handleStartEditTitle = useCallback(() => {
-    setEditTitle(sessionTitle || 'New Conversation');
+    setEditTitle(sessionTitle || t('chat.newConversation'));
     setIsEditingTitle(true);
   }, [sessionTitle]);
 
@@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ export default function ChatSessionPage({ params }: ChatSessionPageProps) {
           }
           setSessionId(id);
           setPanelOpen(true);
-          const title = data.session.title || 'New Conversation';
+          const title = data.session.title || t('chat.newConversation');
           setSessionTitle(title);
           setPanelSessionTitle(title);
           setSessionModel(data.session.model || '');

src/app/extensions/page.tsx

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { HugeiconsIcon } from "@hugeicons/react";
 import { Loading02Icon } from "@hugeicons/core-free-icons";
 import { SkillsManager } from "@/components/skills/SkillsManager";
 import { McpManager } from "@/components/plugins/McpManager";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 
 type ExtTab = "skills" | "mcp";
 
@@ -28,15 +29,16 @@ function ExtensionsPageInner() {
   const searchParams = useSearchParams();
   const initialTab = (searchParams.get("tab") as ExtTab) || "skills";
   const [tab, setTab] = useState<ExtTab>(initialTab);
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
 
   return (
     <div className="flex h-full flex-col">
       <div className="px-6 pt-4 pb-0">
-        <h1 className="text-xl font-semibold mb-3">Extensions</h1>
+        <h1 className="text-xl font-semibold mb-3">{t('extensions.title')}</h1>
         <Tabs value={tab} onValueChange={(v) => setTab(v as ExtTab)}>
           <TabsList>
-            <TabsTrigger value="skills">Skills</TabsTrigger>
-            <TabsTrigger value="mcp">MCP Servers</TabsTrigger>
+            <TabsTrigger value="skills">{t('extensions.skills')}</TabsTrigger>
+            <TabsTrigger value="mcp">{t('extensions.mcpServers')}</TabsTrigger>
           </TabsList>
         </Tabs>
       </div>

src/app/layout.tsx

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import type { Metadata } from "next";
 import { Geist, Geist_Mono } from "next/font/google";
 import "./globals.css";
 import { ThemeProvider } from "@/components/layout/ThemeProvider";
+import { I18nProvider } from "@/components/layout/I18nProvider";
 import { AppShell } from "@/components/layout/AppShell";
 
 const geistSans = Geist({
@@ -30,7 +31,9 @@ export default function RootLayout({
         className={`${geistSans.variable} ${geistMono.variable} antialiased`}
       >
         <ThemeProvider>
-          <AppShell>{children}</AppShell>
+          <I18nProvider>
+            <AppShell>{children}</AppShell>
+          </I18nProvider>
         </ThemeProvider>
       </body>
     </html>

src/components/chat/FolderPicker.tsx

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/components/ui/dropdown-menu';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { ScrollArea } from '@/components/ui/scroll-area';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/hooks/useTranslation';
 
 interface FolderEntry {
   name: string;
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ interface FolderPickerProps {
 }
 
 export function FolderPicker({ open, onOpenChange, onSelect, initialPath }: FolderPickerProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [currentDir, setCurrentDir] = useState('');
   const [parentDir, setParentDir] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [directories, setDirectories] = useState<FolderEntry[]>([]);
@@ -99,7 +101,7 @@ export function FolderPicker({ open, onOpenChange, onSelect, initialPath }: Fold
     <Dialog open={open} onOpenChange={onOpenChange}>
       <DialogContent className="max-w-lg overflow-hidden">
         <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Select Project Folder</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t('folderPicker.title')}</DialogTitle>
         </DialogHeader>
 
         {/* Path input */}
@@ -162,11 +164,11 @@ export function FolderPicker({ open, onOpenChange, onSelect, initialPath }: Fold
           <ScrollArea className="h-64">
             {loading ? (
               <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-8 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                Loading...
+                {t('folderPicker.loading')}
               </div>
             ) : directories.length === 0 ? (
               <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-8 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                No subdirectories
+                {t('folderPicker.noSubdirs')}
               </div>
             ) : (
               <div className="p-1">
@@ -188,11 +190,11 @@ export function FolderPicker({ open, onOpenChange, onSelect, initialPath }: Fold
 
         <DialogFooter>
           <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => onOpenChange(false)}>
-            Cancel
+            {t('folderPicker.cancel')}
           </Button>
           <Button onClick={handleSelect} className="gap-2">
             <HugeiconsIcon icon={FolderOpenIcon} className="h-4 w-4" />
-            Select This Folder
+            {t('folderPicker.select')}
           </Button>
         </DialogFooter>
       </DialogContent>

src/components/chat/MessageInput.tsx

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import {
   StopIcon,
 } from "@hugeicons/core-free-icons";
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/hooks/useTranslation';
+import type { TranslationKey } from '@/i18n';
 import {
   PromptInput,
   PromptInputTextarea,
@@ -65,6 +67,7 @@ interface PopoverItem {
   label: string;
   value: string;
   description?: string;
+  descriptionKey?: TranslationKey;
   builtIn?: boolean;
   immediate?: boolean;
   installedSource?: "agents" | "claude";
@@ -91,15 +94,15 @@ const COMMAND_PROMPTS: Record<string, string> = {
 };
 
 const BUILT_IN_COMMANDS: PopoverItem[] = [
-  { label: 'help', value: '/help', description: 'Show available commands and tips', builtIn: true, immediate: true, icon: HelpCircleIcon },
-  { label: 'clear', value: '/clear', description: 'Clear conversation history', builtIn: true, immediate: true, icon: Delete02Icon },
-  { label: 'cost', value: '/cost', description: 'Show token usage statistics', builtIn: true, immediate: true, icon: Coins01Icon },
-  { label: 'compact', value: '/compact', description: 'Compress conversation context', builtIn: true, icon: FileZipIcon },
-  { label: 'doctor', value: '/doctor', description: 'Diagnose project health', builtIn: true, icon: Stethoscope02Icon },
-  { label: 'init', value: '/init', description: 'Initialize CLAUDE.md for project', builtIn: true, icon: FileEditIcon },
-  { label: 'review', value: '/review', description: 'Review code quality', builtIn: true, icon: SearchList01Icon },
-  { label: 'terminal-setup', value: '/terminal-setup', description: 'Configure terminal settings', builtIn: true, icon: CommandLineIcon },
-  { label: 'memory', value: '/memory', description: 'Edit project memory file', builtIn: true, icon: BrainIcon },
+  { label: 'help', value: '/help', description: 'Show available commands and tips', descriptionKey: 'messageInput.helpDesc', builtIn: true, immediate: true, icon: HelpCircleIcon },
+  { label: 'clear', value: '/clear', description: 'Clear conversation history', descriptionKey: 'messageInput.clearDesc', builtIn: true, immediate: true, icon: Delete02Icon },
+  { label: 'cost', value: '/cost', description: 'Show token usage statistics', descriptionKey: 'messageInput.costDesc', builtIn: true, immediate: true, icon: Coins01Icon },
+  { label: 'compact', value: '/compact', description: 'Compress conversation context', descriptionKey: 'messageInput.compactDesc', builtIn: true, icon: FileZipIcon },
+  { label: 'doctor', value: '/doctor', description: 'Diagnose project health', descriptionKey: 'messageInput.doctorDesc', builtIn: true, icon: Stethoscope02Icon },
+  { label: 'init', value: '/init', description: 'Initialize CLAUDE.md for project', descriptionKey: 'messageInput.initDesc', builtIn: true, icon: FileEditIcon },
+  { label: 'review', value: '/review', description: 'Review code quality', descriptionKey: 'messageInput.reviewDesc', builtIn: true, icon: SearchList01Icon },
+  { label: 'terminal-setup', value: '/terminal-setup', description: 'Configure terminal settings', descriptionKey: 'messageInput.terminalSetupDesc', builtIn: true, icon: CommandLineIcon },
+  { label: 'memory', value: '/memory', description: 'Edit project memory file', descriptionKey: 'messageInput.memoryDesc', builtIn: true, icon: BrainIcon },
 ];
 
 interface ModeOption {
@@ -183,11 +186,12 @@ function FileAwareSubmitButton({
  */
 function AttachFileButton() {
   const attachments = usePromptInputAttachments();
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
 
   return (
     <PromptInputButton
       onClick={() => attachments.openFileDialog()}
-      tooltip="Attach files"
+      tooltip={t('messageInput.attachFiles')}
     >
       <HugeiconsIcon icon={PlusSignIcon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
     </PromptInputButton>
@@ -331,6 +335,7 @@ export function MessageInput({
   mode = 'code',
   onModeChange,
 }: MessageInputProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const textareaRef = useRef<HTMLTextAreaElement>(null);
   const popoverRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const searchInputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
@@ -752,9 +757,9 @@ export function MessageInput({
                   <HugeiconsIcon icon={CommandLineIcon} className="h-4 w-4 shrink-0 text-muted-foreground" />
                 )}
                 <span className="font-mono text-xs truncate">{item.label}</span>
-                {item.description && (
+                {(item.descriptionKey || item.description) && (
                   <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground truncate max-w-[200px]">
-                    {item.description}
+                    {item.descriptionKey ? t(item.descriptionKey) : item.description}
                   </span>
                 )}
                 {!item.builtIn && item.installedSource && (
@@ -919,7 +924,7 @@ export function MessageInput({
                         )}
                         onClick={() => onModeChange?.(opt.value)}
                       >
-                        {opt.label}
+                        {opt.value === 'code' ? t('messageInput.modeCode') : opt.value === 'plan' ? t('messageInput.modePlan') : opt.label}
                       </button>
                     );
                   })}

src/components/chat/MessageList.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 'use client';
 
 import { useRef, useEffect } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/hooks/useTranslation';
 import type { Message, PermissionRequestEvent } from '@/types';
 import {
   Conversation,
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@ export function MessageList({
   loadingMore,
   onLoadMore,
 }: MessageListProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   // Scroll anchor: preserve position when older messages are prepended
   const anchorIdRef = useRef<string | null>(null);
   const prevMessageCountRef = useRef(messages.length);
@@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ export function MessageList({
       <div className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center">
         <ConversationEmptyState
           title="Claude Chat"
-          description="Start a conversation with Claude. Ask questions, get help with code, or explore ideas."
+          description={t('messageList.emptyDescription')}
           icon={<CodePilotLogo className="h-16 w-16" />}
         />
       </div>
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ export function MessageList({
               disabled={loadingMore}
               className="text-sm text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground transition-colors disabled:opacity-50"
             >
-              {loadingMore ? 'Loading...' : 'Load earlier messages'}
+              {loadingMore ? t('messageList.loading') : t('messageList.loadEarlier')}
             </button>
           </div>
         )}

src/components/chat/StreamingMessage.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 'use client';
 
 import { useState, useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/hooks/useTranslation';
 import {
   Message as AIMessage,
   MessageContent,
@@ -295,6 +296,7 @@ export function StreamingMessage({
   permissionResolved,
   onForceStop,
 }: StreamingMessageProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const runningTools = toolUses.filter(
     (tool) => !toolResults.some((r) => r.tool_use_id === tool.id)
   );
@@ -430,18 +432,18 @@ export function StreamingMessage({
                     variant="default"
                     onClick={() => onPermissionResponse?.('allow_session')}
                   >
-                    Allow for Session
+                    {t('streaming.allowForSession')}
                   </ConfirmationAction>
                 )}
               </ConfirmationActions>
             </ConfirmationRequest>
 
             <ConfirmationAccepted>
-              <p className="text-xs text-green-600 dark:text-green-400">Allowed</p>
+              <p className="text-xs text-green-600 dark:text-green-400">{t('streaming.allowed')}</p>
             </ConfirmationAccepted>
 
             <ConfirmationRejected>
-              <p className="text-xs text-red-600 dark:text-red-400">Denied</p>
+              <p className="text-xs text-red-600 dark:text-red-400">{t('streaming.denied')}</p>
             </ConfirmationRejected>
           </Confirmation>
         )}
@@ -454,7 +456,7 @@ export function StreamingMessage({
         {/* Loading indicator when no content yet */}
         {isStreaming && !content && toolUses.length === 0 && !pendingPermission && (
           <div className="py-2">
-            <Shimmer>Thinking...</Shimmer>
+            <Shimmer>{t('streaming.thinking')}</Shimmer>
           </div>
         )}
 

src/components/layout/ChatListPanel.tsx

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import {
 } from "@/components/ui/tooltip";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 import { usePanel } from "@/hooks/usePanel";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 import { ConnectionStatus } from "./ConnectionStatus";
 import { ImportSessionDialog } from "./ImportSessionDialog";
 import { FolderPicker } from "@/components/chat/FolderPicker";
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ interface ChatListPanelProps {
   width?: number;
 }
 
-function formatRelativeTime(dateStr: string): string {
+function formatRelativeTime(dateStr: string, t: (key: import('@/i18n').TranslationKey, params?: Record<string, string | number>) => string): string {
   const date = new Date(dateStr.includes("T") ? dateStr : dateStr + "Z");
   const now = new Date();
   const diffMs = now.getTime() - date.getTime();
@@ -43,10 +44,10 @@ function formatRelativeTime(dateStr: string): string {
   const diffHr = Math.floor(diffMin / 60);
   const diffDay = Math.floor(diffHr / 24);
 
-  if (diffMin < 1) return "just now";
-  if (diffMin < 60) return `${diffMin}m`;
-  if (diffHr < 24) return `${diffHr}h`;
-  if (diffDay < 7) return `${diffDay}d`;
+  if (diffMin < 1) return t('chatList.justNow');
+  if (diffMin < 60) return t('chatList.minutesAgo', { n: diffMin });
+  if (diffHr < 24) return t('chatList.hoursAgo', { n: diffHr });
+  if (diffDay < 7) return t('chatList.daysAgo', { n: diffDay });
   return date.toLocaleDateString();
 }
 
@@ -117,6 +118,7 @@ export function ChatListPanel({ open, width }: ChatListPanelProps) {
   const pathname = usePathname();
   const router = useRouter();
   const { streamingSessionId, pendingApprovalSessionId, workingDirectory } = usePanel();
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [sessions, setSessions] = useState<ChatSession[]>([]);
   const [hoveredSession, setHoveredSession] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [deletingSession, setDeletingSession] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -331,7 +333,7 @@ export function ChatListPanel({ open, width }: ChatListPanelProps) {
           onClick={handleNewChat}
         >
           <HugeiconsIcon icon={PlusSignIcon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
-          New Chat
+          {t('chatList.newConversation')}
         </Button>
         <Tooltip>
           <TooltipTrigger asChild>
@@ -342,10 +344,10 @@ export function ChatListPanel({ open, width }: ChatListPanelProps) {
               onClick={() => setFolderPickerOpen(true)}
             >
               <HugeiconsIcon icon={FolderOpenIcon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
-              <span className="sr-only">Open project folder</span>
+              <span className="sr-only">{t('chatList.addProjectFolder')}</span>
             </Button>
           </TooltipTrigger>
-          <TooltipContent side="bottom">Open project folder</TooltipContent>
+          <TooltipContent side="bottom">{t('chatList.addProjectFolder')}</TooltipContent>
         </Tooltip>
       </div>
 
@@ -357,7 +359,7 @@ export function ChatListPanel({ open, width }: ChatListPanelProps) {
             className="absolute left-2.5 top-1/2 h-3 w-3 -translate-y-1/2 text-muted-foreground"
           />
           <Input
-            placeholder="Search threads..."
+            placeholder={t('chatList.searchSessions')}
             value={searchQuery}
             onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
             className="h-8 pl-7 text-xs"
@@ -374,7 +376,7 @@ export function ChatListPanel({ open, width }: ChatListPanelProps) {
           onClick={() => setImportDialogOpen(true)}
         >
           <HugeiconsIcon icon={FileImportIcon} className="h-3 w-3" />
-          Import CLI Session
+          {t('chatList.importFromCli')}
         </Button>
       </div>
 
@@ -383,7 +385,7 @@ export function ChatListPanel({ open, width }: ChatListPanelProps) {
         <div className="flex flex-col pb-3">
           {filteredSessions.length === 0 ? (
             <p className="px-2.5 py-3 text-[11px] text-muted-foreground/60">
-              {searchQuery ? "No matching threads" : "No conversations yet"}
+              {searchQuery ? "No matching threads" : t('chatList.noSessions')}
             </p>
           ) : (
             projectGroups.map((group) => {
@@ -539,7 +541,7 @@ export function ChatListPanel({ open, width }: ChatListPanelProps) {
                                   {badgeCfg.label}
                                 </span>
                                 <span className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground/40">
-                                  {formatRelativeTime(session.updated_at)}
+                                  {formatRelativeTime(session.updated_at, t)}
                                 </span>
                               </div>
                             </Link>
@@ -560,12 +562,12 @@ export function ChatListPanel({ open, width }: ChatListPanelProps) {
                                       className="h-3 w-3"
                                     />
                                     <span className="sr-only">
-                                      Delete session
+                                      {t('chatList.delete')}
                                     </span>
                                   </Button>
                                 </TooltipTrigger>
                                 <TooltipContent side="right">
-                                  Delete
+                                  {t('chatList.delete')}
                                 </TooltipContent>
                               </Tooltip>
                             )}

src/components/layout/ConnectionStatus.tsx

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
 } from "@/components/ui/dialog";
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 import { InstallWizard } from "@/components/layout/InstallWizard";
 
 interface ClaudeStatus {
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ const BACKED_OFF_INTERVAL = 60_000; // 60s after 3 consecutive stable results
 const STABLE_THRESHOLD = 3;
 
 export function ConnectionStatus() {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [status, setStatus] = useState<ClaudeStatus | null>(null);
   const [dialogOpen, setDialogOpen] = useState(false);
   const [wizardOpen, setWizardOpen] = useState(false);
@@ -150,7 +152,7 @@ export function ConnectionStatus() {
         <DialogContent className="sm:max-w-md">
           <DialogHeader>
             <DialogTitle>
-              {connected ? "Claude Code Connected" : "Claude Code Not Connected"}
+              {connected ? t('connection.installed') : t('connection.notInstalled')}
             </DialogTitle>
             <DialogDescription>
               {connected
@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ export function ConnectionStatus() {
                 <span className="block h-2.5 w-2.5 shrink-0 rounded-full bg-emerald-500" />
                 <div>
                   <p className="font-medium text-emerald-700 dark:text-emerald-400">Active</p>
-                  <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Version {status?.version}</p>
+                  <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">{t('connection.version', { version: status?.version ?? '' })}</p>
                 </div>
               </div>
             </div>
@@ -177,7 +179,7 @@ export function ConnectionStatus() {
               </div>
 
               <div>
-                <h4 className="font-medium mb-1.5">1. Install Claude Code</h4>
+                <h4 className="font-medium mb-1.5">1. {t('connection.installClaude')}</h4>
                 <code className="block rounded-md bg-muted px-3 py-2 text-xs">
                   npm install -g @anthropic-ai/claude-code
                 </code>
@@ -206,7 +208,7 @@ export function ConnectionStatus() {
                     }}
                     className="w-full"
                   >
-                    Install Claude Code Automatically
+                    {t('connection.installAuto')}
                   </Button>
                 </div>
               )}
@@ -218,7 +220,7 @@ export function ConnectionStatus() {
               variant="outline"
               onClick={handleManualRefresh}
             >
-              Refresh
+              {t('connection.refresh')}
             </Button>
           </DialogFooter>
         </DialogContent>

src/components/layout/DocPreview.tsx

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import { code } from "@streamdown/code";
 import { math } from "@streamdown/math";
 import { mermaid } from "@streamdown/mermaid";
 import { usePanel } from "@/hooks/usePanel";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 import type { FilePreview as FilePreviewType } from "@/types";
 
 const streamdownPlugins = { cjk, code, math, mermaid };
@@ -252,13 +253,14 @@ function RenderedView({
   content: string;
   filePath: string;
 }) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   if (isHtml(filePath)) {
     return (
       <iframe
         srcDoc={content}
         sandbox=""
         className="h-full w-full border-0"
-        title="HTML Preview"
+        title={t('docPreview.htmlPreview')}
       />
     );
   }

src/components/layout/I18nProvider.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+'use client';
+
+import { createContext, useState, useEffect, useCallback, type ReactNode } from 'react';
+import { type Locale, type TranslationKey, translate } from '@/i18n';
+
+interface I18nContextValue {
+  locale: Locale;
+  setLocale: (locale: Locale) => void;
+  t: (key: TranslationKey, params?: Record<string, string | number>) => string;
+}
+
+export const I18nContext = createContext<I18nContextValue>({
+  locale: 'en',
+  setLocale: () => {},
+  t: (key) => key,
+});
+
+export function I18nProvider({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
+  const [locale, setLocaleState] = useState<Locale>('en');
+
+  // Load persisted locale on mount
+  useEffect(() => {
+    async function loadLocale() {
+      try {
+        const res = await fetch('/api/settings/app');
+        if (res.ok) {
+          const data = await res.json();
+          const saved = data.settings?.locale;
+          if (saved === 'en' || saved === 'zh') {
+            setLocaleState(saved);
+          }
+        }
+      } catch {
+        // ignore — default to 'en'
+      }
+    }
+    loadLocale();
+  }, []);
+
+  const setLocale = useCallback((newLocale: Locale) => {
+    setLocaleState(newLocale);
+    // Persist to app settings
+    fetch('/api/settings/app', {
+      method: 'PUT',
+      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+      body: JSON.stringify({ settings: { locale: newLocale } }),
+    }).catch(() => {});
+  }, []);
+
+  const t = useCallback(
+    (key: TranslationKey, params?: Record<string, string | number>) =>
+      translate(locale, key, params),
+    [locale],
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <I18nContext.Provider value={{ locale, setLocale, t }}>
+      {children}
+    </I18nContext.Provider>
+  );
+}

src/components/layout/ImportSessionDialog.tsx

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import {
   FileImportIcon,
   MessageAddIcon,
 } from "@hugeicons/core-free-icons";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 
 interface ClaudeSessionInfo {
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ interface ImportSessionDialogProps {
   onOpenChange: (open: boolean) => void;
 }
 
-function formatRelativeTime(dateStr: string): string {
+function formatRelativeTime(dateStr: string): { key: 'import.justNow' | 'import.minutesAgo' | 'import.hoursAgo' | 'import.daysAgo'; params?: Record<string, number> } | string {
   const date = new Date(dateStr);
   const now = new Date();
   const diffMs = now.getTime() - date.getTime();
@@ -53,10 +54,10 @@ function formatRelativeTime(dateStr: string): string {
   const diffHr = Math.floor(diffMin / 60);
   const diffDay = Math.floor(diffHr / 24);
 
-  if (diffMin < 1) return "just now";
-  if (diffMin < 60) return `${diffMin}m ago`;
-  if (diffHr < 24) return `${diffHr}h ago`;
-  if (diffDay < 7) return `${diffDay}d ago`;
+  if (diffMin < 1) return { key: 'import.justNow' };
+  if (diffMin < 60) return { key: 'import.minutesAgo', params: { n: diffMin } };
+  if (diffHr < 24) return { key: 'import.hoursAgo', params: { n: diffHr } };
+  if (diffDay < 7) return { key: 'import.daysAgo', params: { n: diffDay } };
   return date.toLocaleDateString();
 }
 
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ export function ImportSessionDialog({
   onOpenChange,
 }: ImportSessionDialogProps) {
   const router = useRouter();
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [sessions, setSessions] = useState<ClaudeSessionInfo[]>([]);
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
   const [importing, setImporting] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -154,7 +156,7 @@ export function ImportSessionDialog({
               icon={FileImportIcon}
               className="h-5 w-5 text-primary"
             />
-            Import CLI Session
+            {t('import.title')}
           </DialogTitle>
           <DialogDescription>
             Browse and import conversations from Claude Code CLI. Imported
@@ -169,7 +171,7 @@ export function ImportSessionDialog({
             className="absolute left-2.5 top-1/2 h-3.5 w-3.5 -translate-y-1/2 text-muted-foreground"
           />
           <Input
-            placeholder="Search by project, message, or branch..."
+            placeholder={t('import.searchSessions')}
             value={searchQuery}
             onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
             className="pl-8 text-sm"
@@ -204,8 +206,8 @@ export function ImportSessionDialog({
                 />
                 <p className="text-sm">
                   {searchQuery
-                    ? "No matching sessions"
-                    : "No Claude Code CLI sessions found"}
+                    ? t('import.noSessions')
+                    : t('import.noSessions')}
                 </p>
                 <p className="text-xs mt-1 opacity-60">
                   {searchQuery
@@ -264,7 +266,7 @@ export function ImportSessionDialog({
                               icon={Loading02Icon}
                               className="h-3 w-3 mr-1 animate-spin"
                             />
-                            Importing...
+                            {t('import.importing')}
                           </>
                         ) : (
                           <>
@@ -272,7 +274,7 @@ export function ImportSessionDialog({
                               icon={FileImportIcon}
                               className="h-3 w-3 mr-1"
                             />
-                            Import
+                            {t('import.import')}
                           </>
                         )}
                       </Button>
@@ -295,14 +297,17 @@ export function ImportSessionDialog({
                           icon={MessageAddIcon}
                           className="h-2.5 w-2.5"
                         />
-                        {totalMessages} msg{totalMessages !== 1 ? "s" : ""}
+                        {t(totalMessages !== 1 ? 'import.messagesPlural' : 'import.messages', { n: totalMessages })}
                       </span>
                       <span className="flex items-center gap-0.5 shrink-0">
                         <HugeiconsIcon
                           icon={ClockIcon}
                           className="h-2.5 w-2.5"
                         />
-                        {formatRelativeTime(session.updatedAt)}
+                        {(() => {
+                          const rel = formatRelativeTime(session.updatedAt);
+                          return typeof rel === 'string' ? rel : t(rel.key, rel.params);
+                        })()}
                       </span>
                       <span className="shrink-0">
                         {formatFileSize(session.fileSize)}

src/components/layout/InstallWizard.tsx

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import {
   Copy01Icon,
   Download04Icon,
 } from "@hugeicons/core-free-icons";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 
 interface InstallProgress {
   status: "idle" | "running" | "success" | "failed" | "cancelled";
@@ -93,6 +94,7 @@ export function InstallWizard({
   onOpenChange,
   onInstallComplete,
 }: InstallWizardProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [phase, setPhase] = useState<WizardPhase>("checking");
   const [progress, setProgress] = useState<InstallProgress | null>(null);
   const [logs, setLogs] = useState<string[]>([]);
@@ -249,7 +251,7 @@ export function InstallWizard({
     <Dialog open={open} onOpenChange={handleOpenChange}>
       <DialogContent className="sm:max-w-lg">
         <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Install Claude Code</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t('install.title')}</DialogTitle>
           <DialogDescription>
             {phase === "confirm"
               ? "Claude Code CLI was not detected. Install it now?"
@@ -292,7 +294,7 @@ export function InstallWizard({
           {phase === "checking" && steps.length === 0 && (
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2.5 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
               <HugeiconsIcon icon={Loading02Icon} className="size-4 animate-spin" />
-              <span>Checking environment...</span>
+              <span>{t('install.checkingPrereqs')}</span>
             </div>
           )}
 
@@ -330,7 +332,7 @@ export function InstallWizard({
                   Already installed
                 </p>
                 <p className="text-muted-foreground text-xs">
-                  Claude Code is already available.
+                  {t('install.alreadyInstalled')}
                 </p>
               </div>
             </div>
@@ -342,7 +344,7 @@ export function InstallWizard({
               <HugeiconsIcon icon={Tick01Icon} className="size-5 text-emerald-500 shrink-0" />
               <div className="text-sm">
                 <p className="font-medium text-emerald-700 dark:text-emerald-400">
-                  Installation complete
+                  {t('install.complete')}
                 </p>
                 <p className="text-muted-foreground text-xs">
                   Claude Code CLI has been installed successfully.
@@ -374,7 +376,7 @@ export function InstallWizard({
               onClick={handleCopyLogs}
             >
               <HugeiconsIcon icon={Copy01Icon} />
-              {copied ? "Copied" : "Copy Logs"}
+              {copied ? t('install.copied') : t('install.copyLogs')}
             </Button>
           )}
 
@@ -382,28 +384,28 @@ export function InstallWizard({
           {phase === "confirm" && (
             <Button size="sm" onClick={handleConfirmInstall}>
               <HugeiconsIcon icon={Download04Icon} />
-              Install
+              {t('install.install')}
             </Button>
           )}
 
           {/* Installing: cancel button */}
           {phase === "installing" && (
             <Button variant="destructive" size="sm" onClick={cancelInstall}>
-              Cancel
+              {t('install.cancel')}
             </Button>
           )}
 
           {/* Failed: retry */}
           {phase === "failed" && (
             <Button size="sm" onClick={checkPrereqs}>
-              Retry
+              {t('install.retry')}
             </Button>
           )}
 
           {/* Success / already-installed: done */}
           {(phase === "success" || phase === "already-installed") && (
             <Button size="sm" onClick={handleDone}>
-              Done
+              {t('install.done')}
             </Button>
           )}
         </DialogFooter>

src/components/layout/NavRail.tsx

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ import {
   TooltipTrigger,
 } from "@/components/ui/tooltip";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
+import type { TranslationKey } from "@/i18n";
 
 
 interface NavRailProps {
@@ -38,6 +40,12 @@ export function NavRail({ onToggleChatList, hasUpdate, skipPermissionsActive }:
   const pathname = usePathname();
   const router = useRouter();
   const { theme, setTheme } = useTheme();
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const navLabelKeys: Record<string, TranslationKey> = {
+    'Chats': 'nav.chats',
+    'Extensions': 'nav.extensions',
+    'Settings': 'nav.settings',
+  };
   const emptySubscribe = useCallback(() => () => {}, []);
   const mounted = useSyncExternalStore(emptySubscribe, () => true, () => false);
   const isChatRoute = pathname === "/chat" || pathname.startsWith("/chat/");
@@ -76,7 +84,7 @@ export function NavRail({ onToggleChatList, hasUpdate, skipPermissionsActive }:
                     }}
                   >
                     <HugeiconsIcon icon={item.icon} className="h-4 w-4" />
-                    <span className="sr-only">{item.label}</span>
+                    <span className="sr-only">{t(navLabelKeys[item.label] ?? item.label as TranslationKey)}</span>
                   </Button>
                 ) : (
                   <div className="relative">
@@ -91,7 +99,7 @@ export function NavRail({ onToggleChatList, hasUpdate, skipPermissionsActive }:
                     >
                       <Link href={item.href}>
                         <HugeiconsIcon icon={item.icon} className="h-4 w-4" />
-                        <span className="sr-only">{item.label}</span>
+                        <span className="sr-only">{t(navLabelKeys[item.label] ?? item.label as TranslationKey)}</span>
                       </Link>
                     </Button>
                     {item.href === "/settings" && hasUpdate && (
@@ -100,7 +108,7 @@ export function NavRail({ onToggleChatList, hasUpdate, skipPermissionsActive }:
                   </div>
                 )}
               </TooltipTrigger>
-              <TooltipContent side="right">{item.label}</TooltipContent>
+              <TooltipContent side="right">{t(navLabelKeys[item.label] ?? item.label as TranslationKey)}</TooltipContent>
             </Tooltip>
           );
         })}
@@ -118,7 +126,7 @@ export function NavRail({ onToggleChatList, hasUpdate, skipPermissionsActive }:
                 </span>
               </div>
             </TooltipTrigger>
-            <TooltipContent side="right">Auto-approve is ON</TooltipContent>
+            <TooltipContent side="right">{t('nav.autoApproveOn')}</TooltipContent>
           </Tooltip>
         )}
         {mounted && (
@@ -135,11 +143,11 @@ export function NavRail({ onToggleChatList, hasUpdate, skipPermissionsActive }:
                 ) : (
                   <HugeiconsIcon icon={Moon02Icon} className="h-4 w-4" />
                 )}
-                <span className="sr-only">Toggle theme</span>
+                <span className="sr-only">{t('nav.toggleTheme')}</span>
               </Button>
             </TooltipTrigger>
             <TooltipContent side="right">
-              {theme === "dark" ? "Light mode" : "Dark mode"}
+              {theme === "dark" ? t('nav.lightMode') : t('nav.darkMode')}
             </TooltipContent>
           </Tooltip>
         )}

src/components/layout/RightPanel.tsx

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
   TooltipTrigger,
 } from "@/components/ui/tooltip";
 import { usePanel } from "@/hooks/usePanel";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 import { FileTree } from "@/components/project/FileTree";
 
 interface RightPanelProps {
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ interface RightPanelProps {
 
 export function RightPanel({ width }: RightPanelProps) {
   const { panelOpen, setPanelOpen, workingDirectory, previewFile, setPreviewFile } = usePanel();
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
 
   const handleFileAdd = useCallback((path: string) => {
     window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('attach-file-to-chat', { detail: { path } }));
@@ -56,10 +58,10 @@ export function RightPanel({ width }: RightPanelProps) {
               onClick={() => setPanelOpen(true)}
             >
               <HugeiconsIcon icon={StructureFolderIcon} className="h-4 w-4" />
-              <span className="sr-only">Open panel</span>
+              <span className="sr-only">{t('panel.openPanel')}</span>
             </Button>
           </TooltipTrigger>
-          <TooltipContent side="left">Open panel</TooltipContent>
+          <TooltipContent side="left">{t('panel.openPanel')}</TooltipContent>
         </Tooltip>
       </div>
     );
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ export function RightPanel({ width }: RightPanelProps) {
     <aside className="hidden h-full shrink-0 flex-col overflow-hidden bg-background lg:flex" style={{ width: width ?? 288 }}>
       {/* Header */}
       <div className="flex h-12 mt-5 shrink-0 items-center justify-between px-4">
-        <span className="text-[11px] font-semibold uppercase tracking-wider text-muted-foreground">Files</span>
+        <span className="text-[11px] font-semibold uppercase tracking-wider text-muted-foreground">{t('panel.files')}</span>
         <Tooltip>
           <TooltipTrigger asChild>
             <Button
@@ -78,10 +80,10 @@ export function RightPanel({ width }: RightPanelProps) {
               onClick={() => setPanelOpen(false)}
             >
               <HugeiconsIcon icon={PanelRightCloseIcon} className="h-4 w-4" />
-              <span className="sr-only">Close panel</span>
+              <span className="sr-only">{t('panel.closePanel')}</span>
             </Button>
           </TooltipTrigger>
-          <TooltipContent side="left">Close panel</TooltipContent>
+          <TooltipContent side="left">{t('panel.closePanel')}</TooltipContent>
         </Tooltip>
       </div>
 

src/components/plugins/ConfigEditor.tsx

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
 import { Textarea } from '@/components/ui/textarea';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/hooks/useTranslation';
 
 interface ConfigEditorProps {
   value: string;
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ interface ConfigEditorProps {
 }
 
 export function ConfigEditor({ value, onSave, label }: ConfigEditorProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [text, setText] = useState(value);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ export function ConfigEditor({ value, onSave, label }: ConfigEditorProps) {
       {error && <p className="text-xs text-destructive">{error}</p>}
       <div className="flex gap-2">
         <Button size="sm" onClick={handleSave}>
-          Save
+          {t('common.save')}
         </Button>
         <Button size="sm" variant="outline" onClick={handleFormat}>
           Format

src/components/plugins/McpManager.tsx

@@ -8,9 +8,11 @@ import { PlusSignIcon, ListViewIcon, CodeIcon, Loading02Icon } from "@hugeicons/
 import { McpServerList } from "@/components/plugins/McpServerList";
 import { McpServerEditor } from "@/components/plugins/McpServerEditor";
 import { ConfigEditor } from "@/components/plugins/ConfigEditor";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 import type { MCPServer } from "@/types";
 
 export function McpManager() {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [servers, setServers] = useState<Record<string, MCPServer>>({});
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
   const [editorOpen, setEditorOpen] = useState(false);
@@ -140,7 +142,7 @@ export function McpManager() {
       <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-4">
         <div>
           <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-            <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold">MCP Servers</h3>
+            <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold">{t('extensions.mcpServers')}</h3>
             {serverCount > 0 && (
               <span className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
                 ({serverCount})
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@ export function McpManager() {
         </div>
         <Button size="sm" className="gap-1" onClick={handleAdd}>
           <HugeiconsIcon icon={PlusSignIcon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
-          Add Server
+          {t('mcp.addServer')}
         </Button>
       </div>
 
@@ -167,11 +169,11 @@ export function McpManager() {
         <TabsList>
           <TabsTrigger value="list" className="gap-1.5">
             <HugeiconsIcon icon={ListViewIcon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
-            Servers
+            {t('mcp.listTab')}
           </TabsTrigger>
           <TabsTrigger value="json" className="gap-1.5">
             <HugeiconsIcon icon={CodeIcon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
-            JSON Config
+            {t('mcp.jsonTab')}
           </TabsTrigger>
         </TabsList>
 
@@ -179,7 +181,7 @@ export function McpManager() {
           {loading ? (
             <div className="flex items-center justify-center gap-2 py-12 text-muted-foreground">
               <HugeiconsIcon icon={Loading02Icon} className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin" />
-              <p className="text-sm">Loading MCP servers...</p>
+              <p className="text-sm">{t('mcp.loadingServers')}</p>
             </div>
           ) : (
             <McpServerList
@@ -194,7 +196,7 @@ export function McpManager() {
           <ConfigEditor
             value={JSON.stringify(servers, null, 2)}
             onSave={handleJsonSave}
-            label="MCP Server Configuration"
+            label={t('mcp.serverConfig')}
           />
         </TabsContent>
       </Tabs>

src/components/plugins/McpServerEditor.tsx

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/components/ui/dialog';
 import { HugeiconsIcon } from "@hugeicons/react";
 import { ServerStack01Icon, Wifi01Icon, GlobeIcon, CodeIcon } from "@hugeicons/core-free-icons";
+import { useTranslation } from '@/hooks/useTranslation';
 import type { MCPServer } from '@/types';
 
 type ServerType = 'stdio' | 'sse' | 'http';
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ export function McpServerEditor({
   onSave,
 }: McpServerEditorProps) {
   const isEditing = !!initialName;
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [name, setName] = useState(initialName || '');
   const [serverType, setServerType] = useState<ServerType>(
     initialServer?.type || 'stdio'
@@ -177,13 +179,13 @@ export function McpServerEditor({
       <DialogContent className="sm:max-w-[550px] max-h-[85vh] overflow-y-auto">
         <DialogHeader>
           <DialogTitle>
-            {isEditing ? `Edit MCP Server: ${initialName}` : 'Add MCP Server'}
+            {isEditing ? `${t('mcp.editServer')}: ${initialName}` : t('mcp.addServer')}
           </DialogTitle>
         </DialogHeader>
 
         <div className="space-y-4 py-2">
           <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label htmlFor="server-name">Server Name</Label>
+            <Label htmlFor="server-name">{t('mcp.serverName')}</Label>
             <Input
               id="server-name"
               value={name}
@@ -206,7 +208,7 @@ export function McpServerEditor({
                 setError(null);
               }}
             >
-              Form
+              {t('mcp.formTab')}
             </Button>
             <Button
               variant={jsonMode ? 'default' : 'outline'}
@@ -237,7 +239,7 @@ export function McpServerEditor({
               }}
             >
               <HugeiconsIcon icon={CodeIcon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
-              JSON
+              {t('mcp.jsonEditTab')}
             </Button>
           </div>
 
@@ -257,7 +259,7 @@ export function McpServerEditor({
           ) : (
             <>
               <div className="space-y-2">
-                <Label>Server Type</Label>
+                <Label>{t('mcp.serverType')}</Label>
                 <Tabs
                   value={serverType}
                   onValueChange={(v) => {
@@ -285,7 +287,7 @@ export function McpServerEditor({
               {serverType === 'stdio' ? (
                 <>
                   <div className="space-y-2">
-                    <Label htmlFor="server-command">Command</Label>
+                    <Label htmlFor="server-command">{t('mcp.command')}</Label>
                     <Input
                       id="server-command"
                       value={command}
@@ -299,7 +301,7 @@ export function McpServerEditor({
                   </div>
 
                   <div className="space-y-2">
-                    <Label htmlFor="server-args">Arguments (one per line)</Label>
+                    <Label htmlFor="server-args">{t('mcp.argsLabel')}</Label>
                     <Textarea
                       id="server-args"
                       value={args}
@@ -312,7 +314,7 @@ export function McpServerEditor({
               ) : (
                 <>
                   <div className="space-y-2">
-                    <Label htmlFor="server-url">URL</Label>
+                    <Label htmlFor="server-url">{t('mcp.url')}</Label>
                     <Input
                       id="server-url"
                       value={url}
@@ -330,7 +332,7 @@ export function McpServerEditor({
                   </div>
 
                   <div className="space-y-2">
-                    <Label htmlFor="server-headers">Headers (JSON)</Label>
+                    <Label htmlFor="server-headers">{t('mcp.headers')}</Label>
                     <Textarea
                       id="server-headers"
                       value={headersText}
@@ -346,7 +348,7 @@ export function McpServerEditor({
               )}
 
               <div className="space-y-2">
-                <Label htmlFor="server-env">Environment Variables (JSON)</Label>
+                <Label htmlFor="server-env">{t('mcp.envVars')}</Label>
                 <Textarea
                   id="server-env"
                   value={envText}
@@ -366,10 +368,10 @@ export function McpServerEditor({
 
         <DialogFooter>
           <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => onOpenChange(false)}>
-            Cancel
+            {t('common.cancel')}
           </Button>
           <Button onClick={handleSave}>
-            {isEditing ? 'Save Changes' : 'Add Server'}
+            {isEditing ? t('mcp.saveChanges') : t('mcp.addServer')}
           </Button>
         </DialogFooter>
       </DialogContent>

src/components/plugins/McpServerList.tsx

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Badge } from '@/components/ui/badge';
 import { HugeiconsIcon } from "@hugeicons/react";
 import type { IconSvgElement } from "@hugeicons/react";
 import { Delete02Icon, PencilIcon, ServerStack01Icon, Wifi01Icon, GlobeIcon } from "@hugeicons/core-free-icons";
+import { useTranslation } from '@/hooks/useTranslation';
 import type { MCPServer } from '@/types';
 
 interface McpServerListProps {
@@ -27,15 +28,16 @@ function getServerTypeInfo(server: MCPServer) {
 }
 
 export function McpServerList({ servers, onEdit, onDelete }: McpServerListProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const entries = Object.entries(servers);
 
   if (entries.length === 0) {
     return (
       <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center py-12 text-muted-foreground">
         <HugeiconsIcon icon={ServerStack01Icon} className="h-10 w-10 mb-3 opacity-50" />
-        <p className="text-sm">No MCP servers configured</p>
+        <p className="text-sm">{t('mcp.noServers')}</p>
         <p className="text-xs mt-1">
-          Add an MCP server to extend Claude&apos;s capabilities
+          {t('mcp.noServersDesc')}
         </p>
       </div>
     );
@@ -56,7 +58,7 @@ export function McpServerList({ servers, onEdit, onDelete }: McpServerListProps)
                     {typeInfo.label}
                   </Badge>
                   <Badge variant="secondary" className="text-xs shrink-0">
-                    Configured
+                    {t('provider.configured')}
                   </Badge>
                 </div>
                 <CardDescription className="text-xs mt-1 font-mono">
@@ -89,7 +91,7 @@ export function McpServerList({ servers, onEdit, onDelete }: McpServerListProps)
               <CardContent className="pt-0">
                 {server.args && server.args.length > 0 && (
                   <div className="mb-2">
-                    <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mb-1">Arguments:</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mb-1">{t('mcp.arguments')}</p>
                     <div className="flex gap-1 flex-wrap">
                       {server.args.map((arg, i) => (
                         <Badge key={i} variant="outline" className="text-xs font-mono">
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ export function McpServerList({ servers, onEdit, onDelete }: McpServerListProps)
                 )}
                 {server.env && Object.keys(server.env).length > 0 && (
                   <div>
-                    <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mb-1">Environment:</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mb-1">{t('mcp.environment')}</p>
                     <div className="flex gap-1 flex-wrap">
                       {Object.keys(server.env).map((key) => (
                         <Badge key={key} variant="outline" className="text-xs font-mono">

src/components/project/FilePreview.tsx

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { ScrollArea } from "@/components/ui/scroll-area";
 import { Light as SyntaxHighlighter } from "react-syntax-highlighter";
 import { atomOneDark } from "react-syntax-highlighter/dist/esm/styles/hljs";
 import { usePanel } from "@/hooks/usePanel";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 import type { FilePreview as FilePreviewType } from "@/types";
 
 interface FilePreviewProps {
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ interface FilePreviewProps {
 
 export function FilePreview({ filePath, onBack }: FilePreviewProps) {
   const { workingDirectory } = usePanel();
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [preview, setPreview] = useState<FilePreviewType | null>(null);
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -33,12 +35,12 @@ export function FilePreview({ filePath, onBack }: FilePreviewProps) {
         );
         if (!res.ok) {
           const data = await res.json();
-          throw new Error(data.error || "Failed to load file");
+          throw new Error(data.error || t('filePreview.failedToLoad'));
         }
         const data = await res.json();
         setPreview(data.preview);
       } catch (err) {
-        setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : "Failed to load file");
+        setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : t('filePreview.failedToLoad'));
       } finally {
         setLoading(false);
       }
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ export function FilePreview({ filePath, onBack }: FilePreviewProps) {
       <div className="flex items-center gap-2 pb-2">
         <Button variant="ghost" size="icon-sm" onClick={onBack}>
           <HugeiconsIcon icon={ArrowLeft01Icon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
-          <span className="sr-only">Back to file tree</span>
+          <span className="sr-only">{t('filePreview.backToTree')}</span>
         </Button>
         <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
           <p className="truncate text-xs text-muted-foreground">
@@ -79,7 +81,7 @@ export function FilePreview({ filePath, onBack }: FilePreviewProps) {
           ) : (
             <HugeiconsIcon icon={Copy01Icon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
           )}
-          <span className="sr-only">Copy path</span>
+          <span className="sr-only">{t('filePreview.copyPath')}</span>
         </Button>
       </div>
 
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ export function FilePreview({ filePath, onBack }: FilePreviewProps) {
             {preview.language}
           </Badge>
           <span className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">
-            {preview.line_count} lines
+            {t('filePreview.lines', { count: preview.line_count })}
           </span>
         </div>
       )}
@@ -110,7 +112,7 @@ export function FilePreview({ filePath, onBack }: FilePreviewProps) {
               onClick={onBack}
               className="mt-2 text-xs"
             >
-              Back to file tree
+              {t('filePreview.backToTree')}
             </Button>
           </div>
         ) : preview ? (

src/components/project/FileTree.tsx

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
   FileTreeFolder,
   FileTreeFile,
 } from "@/components/ai-elements/file-tree";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 import type { ReactNode } from "react";
 
 interface FileTreeProps {
@@ -109,6 +110,7 @@ export function FileTree({ workingDirectory, onFileSelect, onFileAdd }: FileTree
   const [tree, setTree] = useState<FileTreeNode[]>([]);
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
   const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState("");
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
 
   const fetchTree = useCallback(async () => {
     if (!workingDirectory) {
@@ -154,7 +156,7 @@ export function FileTree({ workingDirectory, onFileSelect, onFileAdd }: FileTree
         <div className="relative flex-1 min-w-0">
           <HugeiconsIcon icon={Search01Icon} className="absolute left-2.5 top-1/2 h-3 w-3 -translate-y-1/2 text-muted-foreground pointer-events-none" />
           <Input
-            placeholder="Filter files..."
+            placeholder={t('fileTree.filterFiles')}
             value={searchQuery}
             onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
             className="h-7 pl-7 text-xs"
@@ -168,7 +170,7 @@ export function FileTree({ workingDirectory, onFileSelect, onFileAdd }: FileTree
           className="h-7 w-7 shrink-0"
         >
           <HugeiconsIcon icon={RefreshIcon} className={cn("h-3 w-3", loading && "animate-spin")} />
-          <span className="sr-only">Refresh</span>
+          <span className="sr-only">{t('fileTree.refresh')}</span>
         </Button>
       </div>
 
@@ -180,7 +182,7 @@ export function FileTree({ workingDirectory, onFileSelect, onFileAdd }: FileTree
           </div>
         ) : tree.length === 0 ? (
           <p className="py-4 text-center text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-            {workingDirectory ? 'No files found' : 'Select a project folder to view files'}
+            {workingDirectory ? t('fileTree.noFiles') : t('fileTree.selectFolder')}
           </p>
         ) : (
           <AIFileTree

src/components/project/TaskList.tsx

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
 import { ScrollArea } from "@/components/ui/scroll-area";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 import { TaskCard } from "./TaskCard";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 import type { TaskItem, TaskStatus } from "@/types";
 
 interface TaskListProps {
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ interface TaskListProps {
 type FilterTab = "all" | "in_progress" | "completed";
 
 export function TaskList({ sessionId }: TaskListProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [tasks, setTasks] = useState<TaskItem[]>([]);
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
   const [newTitle, setNewTitle] = useState("");
@@ -101,9 +103,9 @@ export function TaskList({ sessionId }: TaskListProps) {
   });
 
   const filterTabs: { key: FilterTab; label: string }[] = [
-    { key: "all", label: "All" },
-    { key: "in_progress", label: "Active" },
-    { key: "completed", label: "Done" },
+    { key: "all", label: t('tasks.all') },
+    { key: "in_progress", label: t('tasks.active') },
+    { key: "completed", label: t('tasks.done') },
   ];
 
   return (
@@ -129,7 +131,7 @@ export function TaskList({ sessionId }: TaskListProps) {
       {/* Add task input */}
       <div className="flex items-center gap-1 pb-2">
         <Input
-          placeholder="Add a task..."
+          placeholder={t('tasks.addPlaceholder')}
           value={newTitle}
           onChange={(e) => setNewTitle(e.target.value)}
           onKeyDown={(e) => {
@@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ export function TaskList({ sessionId }: TaskListProps) {
           disabled={!newTitle.trim()}
         >
           <HugeiconsIcon icon={PlusSignIcon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
-          <span className="sr-only">Add task</span>
+          <span className="sr-only">{t('tasks.addTask')}</span>
         </Button>
       </div>
 
@@ -152,11 +154,11 @@ export function TaskList({ sessionId }: TaskListProps) {
       <ScrollArea className="flex-1">
         {loading && tasks.length === 0 ? (
           <p className="py-4 text-center text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-            Loading tasks...
+            {t('tasks.loading')}
           </p>
         ) : filtered.length === 0 ? (
           <p className="py-4 text-center text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-            {tasks.length === 0 ? "No tasks yet" : "No matching tasks"}
+            {tasks.length === 0 ? t('tasks.noTasks') : t('tasks.noMatching')}
           </p>
         ) : (
           <div className="flex flex-col gap-1.5 pb-4">

src/components/settings/CliSettingsSection.tsx

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ import {
   SlidersHorizontalIcon,
   Loading02Icon,
 } from "@hugeicons/core-free-icons";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
+import type { TranslationKey } from "@/i18n";
 
 interface SettingsData {
   [key: string]: unknown;
@@ -55,6 +57,19 @@ export function CliSettingsSection() {
   const [saveSuccess, setSaveSuccess] = useState(false);
   const [showConfirmDialog, setShowConfirmDialog] = useState(false);
   const [pendingSaveAction, setPendingSaveAction] = useState<"form" | "json" | null>(null);
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+
+  const knownFieldKeys: Record<string, { label: TranslationKey; description: TranslationKey }> = {
+    permissions: { label: 'cli.permissions', description: 'cli.permissionsDesc' },
+    env: { label: 'cli.envVars', description: 'cli.envVarsDesc' },
+  };
+
+  // Map dynamic CLI settings keys to translation keys (for fields not in KNOWN_FIELDS)
+  const dynamicFieldLabels: Record<string, TranslationKey> = {
+    skipDangerousModePermissionPrompt: 'cli.field.skipDangerousModePermissionPrompt',
+    verbose: 'cli.field.verbose',
+    theme: 'cli.field.theme',
+  };
 
   const fetchSettings = useCallback(async () => {
     try {
@@ -132,7 +147,7 @@ export function CliSettingsSection() {
       setJsonText(JSON.stringify(parsed, null, 2));
       setJsonError("");
     } catch {
-      setJsonError("Cannot format: invalid JSON");
+      setJsonError(t('cli.formatError'));
     }
   };
 
@@ -149,7 +164,7 @@ export function CliSettingsSection() {
     return (
       <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-12">
         <HugeiconsIcon icon={Loading02Icon} className="h-5 w-5 animate-spin text-muted-foreground" />
-        <span className="ml-2 text-sm text-muted-foreground">Loading settings...</span>
+        <span className="ml-2 text-sm text-muted-foreground">{t('cli.loadingSettings')}</span>
       </div>
     );
   }
@@ -160,11 +175,11 @@ export function CliSettingsSection() {
         <TabsList className="mb-4">
           <TabsTrigger value="form" className="gap-2">
             <HugeiconsIcon icon={SlidersHorizontalIcon} className="h-4 w-4" />
-            Visual Editor
+            {t('cli.form')}
           </TabsTrigger>
           <TabsTrigger value="json" className="gap-2">
             <HugeiconsIcon icon={CodeIcon} className="h-4 w-4" />
-            JSON Editor
+            {t('cli.json')}
           </TabsTrigger>
         </TabsList>
 
@@ -175,8 +190,8 @@ export function CliSettingsSection() {
                 key={field.key}
                 className="rounded-lg border border-border/50 p-4 transition-shadow hover:shadow-sm"
               >
-                <Label className="text-sm font-medium">{field.label}</Label>
-                <p className="mb-2 text-xs text-muted-foreground">{field.description}</p>
+                <Label className="text-sm font-medium">{t(knownFieldKeys[field.key]?.label ?? field.label as TranslationKey)}</Label>
+                <p className="mb-2 text-xs text-muted-foreground">{t(knownFieldKeys[field.key]?.description ?? field.description as TranslationKey)}</p>
                 <Textarea
                   value={
                     typeof settings[field.key] === "object"
@@ -204,7 +219,7 @@ export function CliSettingsSection() {
                   key={key}
                   className="rounded-lg border border-border/50 p-4 transition-shadow hover:shadow-sm"
                 >
-                  <Label className="text-sm font-medium">{key}</Label>
+                  <Label className="text-sm font-medium">{dynamicFieldLabels[key] ? t(dynamicFieldLabels[key]) : key}</Label>
                   {typeof value === "boolean" ? (
                     <div className="mt-2 flex items-center gap-2">
                       <Switch
@@ -212,7 +227,7 @@ export function CliSettingsSection() {
                         onCheckedChange={(checked) => updateField(key, checked)}
                       />
                       <span className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                        {value ? "Enabled" : "Disabled"}
+                        {value ? t('common.enabled') : t('common.disabled')}
                       </span>
                     </div>
                   ) : typeof value === "string" ? (
@@ -245,15 +260,15 @@ export function CliSettingsSection() {
                 ) : (
                   <HugeiconsIcon icon={FloppyDiskIcon} className="h-4 w-4" />
                 )}
-                {saving ? "Saving..." : "Save Changes"}
+                {saving ? t('provider.saving') : t('cli.save')}
               </Button>
               <Button variant="outline" onClick={handleReset} disabled={!hasChanges} className="gap-2">
                 <HugeiconsIcon icon={ReloadIcon} className="h-4 w-4" />
-                Reset
+                {t('cli.reset')}
               </Button>
               {saveSuccess && (
                 <span className="text-sm text-green-600 dark:text-green-400">
-                  Settings saved successfully
+                  {t('cli.settingsSaved')}
                 </span>
               )}
             </div>
@@ -280,19 +295,19 @@ export function CliSettingsSection() {
                 ) : (
                   <HugeiconsIcon icon={FloppyDiskIcon} className="h-4 w-4" />
                 )}
-                {saving ? "Saving..." : "Save JSON"}
+                {saving ? t('provider.saving') : t('cli.save')}
               </Button>
               <Button variant="outline" onClick={handleFormatJson} className="gap-2">
                 <HugeiconsIcon icon={CodeIcon} className="h-4 w-4" />
-                Format
+                {t('cli.format')}
               </Button>
               <Button variant="outline" onClick={handleReset} className="gap-2">
                 <HugeiconsIcon icon={ReloadIcon} className="h-4 w-4" />
-                Reset
+                {t('cli.reset')}
               </Button>
               {saveSuccess && (
                 <span className="text-sm text-green-600 dark:text-green-400">
-                  Settings saved successfully
+                  {t('cli.settingsSaved')}
                 </span>
               )}
             </div>
@@ -304,15 +319,15 @@ export function CliSettingsSection() {
       <AlertDialog open={showConfirmDialog} onOpenChange={setShowConfirmDialog}>
         <AlertDialogContent>
           <AlertDialogHeader>
-            <AlertDialogTitle>Confirm Save</AlertDialogTitle>
+            <AlertDialogTitle>{t('cli.confirmSaveTitle')}</AlertDialogTitle>
             <AlertDialogDescription>
-              This will overwrite your current ~/.claude/settings.json file. Are you sure you want to continue?
+              {t('cli.confirmSaveDesc')}
             </AlertDialogDescription>
           </AlertDialogHeader>
           <AlertDialogFooter>
-            <AlertDialogCancel>Cancel</AlertDialogCancel>
+            <AlertDialogCancel>{t('common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
             <AlertDialogAction onClick={() => pendingSaveAction && handleSave(pendingSaveAction)}>
-              Save
+              {t('common.save')}
             </AlertDialogAction>
           </AlertDialogFooter>
         </AlertDialogContent>

src/components/settings/GeneralSection.tsx

@@ -16,17 +16,21 @@ import {
 import { HugeiconsIcon } from "@hugeicons/react";
 import { ReloadIcon, Loading02Icon } from "@hugeicons/core-free-icons";
 import { useUpdate } from "@/hooks/useUpdate";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
+import { SUPPORTED_LOCALES, type Locale } from "@/i18n";
+import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from "@/components/ui/select";
 
 function UpdateCard() {
   const { updateInfo, checking, checkForUpdates } = useUpdate();
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const currentVersion = process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_VERSION || "0.0.0";
 
   return (
     <div className="rounded-lg border border-border/50 p-4 transition-shadow hover:shadow-sm">
       <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
         <div>
-          <h2 className="text-sm font-medium">CodePilot</h2>
-          <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Version {currentVersion}</p>
+          <h2 className="text-sm font-medium">{t('settings.codepilot')}</h2>
+          <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">{t('settings.version', { version: currentVersion })}</p>
         </div>
         <Button
           variant="outline"
@@ -40,7 +44,7 @@ function UpdateCard() {
           ) : (
             <HugeiconsIcon icon={ReloadIcon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
           )}
-          {checking ? "Checking..." : "Check for Updates"}
+          {checking ? t('settings.checking') : t('settings.checkForUpdates')}
         </Button>
       </div>
 
@@ -50,7 +54,7 @@ function UpdateCard() {
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
               <span className="h-2 w-2 rounded-full bg-blue-500" />
               <span className="text-sm">
-                Update available: <span className="font-medium">v{updateInfo.latestVersion}</span>
+                {t('settings.updateAvailable', { version: updateInfo.latestVersion })}
               </span>
               <Button
                 variant="link"
@@ -58,11 +62,11 @@ function UpdateCard() {
                 className="h-auto p-0 text-sm"
                 onClick={() => window.open(updateInfo.releaseUrl, "_blank")}
               >
-                View Release
+                {t('settings.viewRelease')}
               </Button>
             </div>
           ) : (
-            <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">You&apos;re on the latest version.</p>
+            <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">{t('settings.latestVersion')}</p>
           )}
         </div>
       )}
@@ -74,6 +78,7 @@ export function GeneralSection() {
   const [skipPermissions, setSkipPermissions] = useState(false);
   const [showSkipPermWarning, setShowSkipPermWarning] = useState(false);
   const [skipPermSaving, setSkipPermSaving] = useState(false);
+  const { t, locale, setLocale } = useTranslation();
 
   const fetchAppSettings = useCallback(async () => {
     try {
@@ -129,10 +134,9 @@ export function GeneralSection() {
       <div className={`rounded-lg border p-4 transition-shadow hover:shadow-sm ${skipPermissions ? "border-orange-500/50 bg-orange-500/5" : "border-border/50"}`}>
         <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
           <div>
-            <h2 className="text-sm font-medium">Auto-approve All Actions</h2>
+            <h2 className="text-sm font-medium">{t('settings.autoApproveTitle')}</h2>
             <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-              Skip all permission checks and auto-approve every tool action.
-              This is dangerous and should only be used for trusted tasks.
+              {t('settings.autoApproveDesc')}
             </p>
           </div>
           <Switch
@@ -144,42 +148,59 @@ export function GeneralSection() {
         {skipPermissions && (
           <div className="mt-3 flex items-center gap-2 rounded-md bg-orange-500/10 px-3 py-2 text-xs text-orange-600 dark:text-orange-400">
             <span className="h-2 w-2 shrink-0 rounded-full bg-orange-500" />
-            All tool actions will be auto-approved without confirmation. Use with caution.
+            {t('settings.autoApproveWarning')}
           </div>
         )}
       </div>
 
+      {/* Language picker */}
+      <div className="rounded-lg border border-border/50 p-4 transition-shadow hover:shadow-sm">
+        <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
+          <div>
+            <h2 className="text-sm font-medium">{t('settings.language')}</h2>
+            <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">{t('settings.languageDesc')}</p>
+          </div>
+          <Select value={locale} onValueChange={(v) => setLocale(v as Locale)}>
+            <SelectTrigger className="w-[140px]">
+              <SelectValue />
+            </SelectTrigger>
+            <SelectContent>
+              {SUPPORTED_LOCALES.map((l) => (
+                <SelectItem key={l.value} value={l.value}>{l.label}</SelectItem>
+              ))}
+            </SelectContent>
+          </Select>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
       {/* Skip-permissions warning dialog */}
       <AlertDialog open={showSkipPermWarning} onOpenChange={setShowSkipPermWarning}>
         <AlertDialogContent>
           <AlertDialogHeader>
-            <AlertDialogTitle>Enable Auto-approve All Actions?</AlertDialogTitle>
+            <AlertDialogTitle>{t('settings.autoApproveDialogTitle')}</AlertDialogTitle>
             <AlertDialogDescription asChild>
               <div className="space-y-2">
                 <p>
-                  This will bypass all permission checks. Claude will be able to
-                  execute any tool action without asking for your confirmation,
-                  including:
+                  {t('settings.autoApproveDialogDesc')}
                 </p>
                 <ul className="list-disc pl-5 space-y-1">
-                  <li>Running arbitrary shell commands</li>
-                  <li>Reading, writing, and deleting files</li>
-                  <li>Making network requests</li>
+                  <li>{t('settings.autoApproveShellCommands')}</li>
+                  <li>{t('settings.autoApproveFileOps')}</li>
+                  <li>{t('settings.autoApproveNetwork')}</li>
                 </ul>
                 <p className="font-medium text-orange-600 dark:text-orange-400">
-                  Only enable this if you fully trust the task at hand. This
-                  setting applies to all new chat sessions.
+                  {t('settings.autoApproveTrustWarning')}
                 </p>
               </div>
             </AlertDialogDescription>
           </AlertDialogHeader>
           <AlertDialogFooter>
-            <AlertDialogCancel>Cancel</AlertDialogCancel>
+            <AlertDialogCancel>{t('settings.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
             <AlertDialogAction
               onClick={() => saveSkipPermissions(true)}
               className="bg-orange-600 hover:bg-orange-700 text-white"
             >
-              Enable Auto-approve
+              {t('settings.enableAutoApprove')}
             </AlertDialogAction>
           </AlertDialogFooter>
         </AlertDialogContent>

src/components/settings/ProviderForm.tsx

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import {
 import { HugeiconsIcon } from "@hugeicons/react";
 import { Loading02Icon, ArrowDown01Icon, ArrowUp01Icon } from "@hugeicons/core-free-icons";
 import type { ApiProvider } from "@/types";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 
 const PROVIDER_PRESETS: Record<string, { base_url: string; extra_env: string }> = {
   anthropic: { base_url: "https://api.anthropic.com", extra_env: "{}" },
@@ -75,6 +76,7 @@ export function ProviderForm({
   const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [showAdvanced, setShowAdvanced] = useState(false);
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
 
   // Reset form when dialog opens
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -178,7 +180,7 @@ export function ProviderForm({
       <DialogContent className="max-w-[28rem] overflow-hidden">
         <DialogHeader>
           <DialogTitle>
-            {mode === "edit" ? "Edit Provider" : "Add Provider"}
+            {mode === "edit" ? t('provider.editProvider') : t('provider.addProvider')}
           </DialogTitle>
           <DialogDescription>
             {mode === "edit"
@@ -190,7 +192,7 @@ export function ProviderForm({
         <form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className="space-y-4 min-w-0">
           <div className="space-y-2">
             <Label htmlFor="provider-name" className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-              Name
+              {t('provider.name')}
             </Label>
             <Input
               id="provider-name"
@@ -203,7 +205,7 @@ export function ProviderForm({
 
           <div className="space-y-2">
             <Label htmlFor="provider-type" className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-              Provider Type
+              {t('provider.providerType')}
             </Label>
             <Select value={providerType} onValueChange={handleTypeChange}>
               <SelectTrigger className="w-full text-sm">
@@ -221,7 +223,7 @@ export function ProviderForm({
 
           <div className="space-y-2">
             <Label htmlFor="provider-base-url" className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-              API Base URL
+              {t('provider.baseUrl')}
             </Label>
             <Input
               id="provider-base-url"
@@ -234,7 +236,7 @@ export function ProviderForm({
 
           <div className="space-y-2">
             <Label htmlFor="provider-api-key" className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-              API Key
+              {t('provider.apiKey')}
             </Label>
             <Input
               id="provider-api-key"
@@ -256,14 +258,14 @@ export function ProviderForm({
               icon={showAdvanced ? ArrowUp01Icon : ArrowDown01Icon}
               className="h-3 w-3"
             />
-            Advanced Options
+            {t('provider.advancedOptions')}
           </button>
 
           {showAdvanced && (
             <div className="space-y-4 border-t border-border/50 pt-4">
               <div className="space-y-2">
                 <Label htmlFor="provider-extra-env" className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                  Extra Environment Variables (JSON)
+                  {t('provider.extraEnvVars')} (JSON)
                 </Label>
                 <Textarea
                   id="provider-extra-env"
@@ -277,11 +279,11 @@ export function ProviderForm({
 
               <div className="space-y-2">
                 <Label htmlFor="provider-notes" className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                  Notes
+                  {t('provider.notes')}
                 </Label>
                 <Textarea
                   id="provider-notes"
-                  placeholder="Optional notes about this provider..."
+                  placeholder={t('provider.notesPlaceholder')}
                   value={notes}
                   onChange={(e) => setNotes(e.target.value)}
                   className="text-sm"
@@ -302,13 +304,13 @@ export function ProviderForm({
               onClick={() => onOpenChange(false)}
               disabled={saving}
             >
-              Cancel
+              {t('common.cancel')}
             </Button>
             <Button type="submit" disabled={saving} className="gap-2">
               {saving && (
                 <HugeiconsIcon icon={Loading02Icon} className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin" />
               )}
-              {saving ? "Saving..." : mode === "edit" ? "Update" : "Add Provider"}
+              {saving ? t('provider.saving') : mode === "edit" ? t('provider.update') : t('provider.addProvider')}
             </Button>
           </DialogFooter>
         </form>

src/components/settings/ProviderManager.tsx

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import {
 import { ProviderForm } from "./ProviderForm";
 import type { ProviderFormData } from "./ProviderForm";
 import type { ApiProvider } from "@/types";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 
 const QUICK_PRESETS = [
   { name: "Anthropic", provider_type: "anthropic", base_url: "https://api.anthropic.com" },
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ export function ProviderManager() {
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [envDetected, setEnvDetected] = useState<Record<string, string>>({});
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
 
   // Form dialog state
   const [formOpen, setFormOpen] = useState(false);
@@ -215,7 +217,7 @@ export function ProviderManager() {
         </div>
         <Button size="sm" className="gap-1" onClick={handleAdd}>
           <HugeiconsIcon icon={PlusSignIcon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
-          Add Provider
+          {t('provider.addProvider')}
         </Button>
       </div>
 
@@ -241,7 +243,7 @@ export function ProviderManager() {
                   ? "text-muted-foreground"
                   : "text-green-700 dark:text-green-400"
               }`}>
-                Environment variables detected
+                {t('provider.envDetected')}
               </p>
               {hasActiveProvider ? (
                 <Badge variant="secondary" className="text-[10px] px-1.5 py-0 text-muted-foreground">
@@ -284,7 +286,7 @@ export function ProviderManager() {
         <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-3 py-8 text-muted-foreground">
           <HugeiconsIcon icon={ServerStack01Icon} className="h-10 w-10 opacity-30" />
           <div className="text-center">
-            <p className="text-sm font-medium">No providers configured</p>
+            <p className="text-sm font-medium">{t('provider.noProviders')}</p>
             <p className="text-xs mt-0.5">
               {Object.keys(envDetected).length > 0
                 ? "Using environment variables. Add a provider below to override."
@@ -336,7 +338,7 @@ export function ProviderManager() {
                       </Badge>
                       {isActive && (
                         <Badge variant="outline" className="text-[10px] px-1.5 py-0 text-green-600 dark:text-green-400 border-green-500/30">
-                          Active
+                          {t('provider.active')}
                         </Badge>
                       )}
                     </div>
@@ -407,7 +409,7 @@ export function ProviderManager() {
       {/* Quick presets row (when providers exist) */}
       {!loading && providers.length > 0 && (
         <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 flex-wrap">
-          <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mr-1">Quick add:</span>
+          <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mr-1">{t('provider.quickPresets')}:</span>
           {QUICK_PRESETS.map((preset) => (
             <Button
               key={preset.name}
@@ -437,19 +439,19 @@ export function ProviderManager() {
       <AlertDialog open={!!deleteTarget} onOpenChange={(open) => !open && setDeleteTarget(null)}>
         <AlertDialogContent>
           <AlertDialogHeader>
-            <AlertDialogTitle>Delete Provider</AlertDialogTitle>
+            <AlertDialogTitle>{t('provider.deleteProvider')}</AlertDialogTitle>
             <AlertDialogDescription>
-              Are you sure you want to delete &quot;{deleteTarget?.name}&quot;? This action cannot be undone.
+              {t('provider.deleteConfirm', { name: deleteTarget?.name ?? '' })}
             </AlertDialogDescription>
           </AlertDialogHeader>
           <AlertDialogFooter>
-            <AlertDialogCancel disabled={deleting}>Cancel</AlertDialogCancel>
+            <AlertDialogCancel disabled={deleting}>{t('common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
             <AlertDialogAction
               onClick={handleDelete}
               disabled={deleting}
               className="bg-destructive text-white hover:bg-destructive/90"
             >
-              {deleting ? "Deleting..." : "Delete"}
+              {deleting ? t('provider.deleting') : t('common.delete')}
             </AlertDialogAction>
           </AlertDialogFooter>
         </AlertDialogContent>

src/components/settings/SettingsLayout.tsx

@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 import { GeneralSection } from "./GeneralSection";
 import { ProviderManager } from "./ProviderManager";
 import { CliSettingsSection } from "./CliSettingsSection";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
+import type { TranslationKey } from "@/i18n";
 
 type Section = "general" | "providers" | "cli";
 
@@ -39,6 +41,13 @@ function getInitialSection(): Section {
 
 export function SettingsLayout() {
   const [activeSection, setActiveSection] = useState<Section>(getInitialSection);
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+
+  const settingsLabelKeys: Record<string, TranslationKey> = {
+    'General': 'settings.general',
+    'Providers': 'settings.providers',
+    'Claude CLI': 'settings.claudeCli',
+  };
 
   // Sync hash on mount and on popstate
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -60,9 +69,9 @@ export function SettingsLayout() {
   return (
     <div className="flex h-full flex-col">
       <div className="border-b border-border/50 px-6 pt-4 pb-4">
-        <h1 className="text-xl font-semibold">Settings</h1>
+        <h1 className="text-xl font-semibold">{t('settings.title')}</h1>
         <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-          Manage CodePilot and Claude CLI settings
+          {t('settings.description')}
         </p>
       </div>
 
@@ -81,7 +90,7 @@ export function SettingsLayout() {
               )}
             >
               <HugeiconsIcon icon={item.icon} className="h-4 w-4 shrink-0" />
-              {item.label}
+              {t(settingsLabelKeys[item.label])}
             </button>
           ))}
         </nav>

src/components/skills/CreateSkillDialog.tsx

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import { Input } from "@/components/ui/input";
 import { Label } from "@/components/ui/label";
 import { HugeiconsIcon } from "@hugeicons/react";
 import { Loading02Icon, GlobeIcon, FolderOpenIcon } from "@hugeicons/core-free-icons";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 
 interface CreateSkillDialogProps {
@@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ export function CreateSkillDialog({
   onOpenChange,
   onCreate,
 }: CreateSkillDialogProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [name, setName] = useState("");
   const [scope, setScope] = useState<"global" | "project">("project");
   const [templateIdx, setTemplateIdx] = useState(0);
@@ -67,11 +69,11 @@ export function CreateSkillDialog({
   const handleCreate = async () => {
     const trimmed = name.trim();
     if (!trimmed) {
-      setError("Name is required");
+      setError(t('skills.nameRequired'));
       return;
     }
     if (!/^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$/.test(trimmed)) {
-      setError("Name can only contain letters, numbers, hyphens, and underscores");
+      setError(t('skills.nameInvalid'));
       return;
     }
 
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ export function CreateSkillDialog({
     <Dialog open={open} onOpenChange={onOpenChange}>
       <DialogContent className="sm:max-w-md">
         <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>Create New Skill</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t('skills.createSkill')}</DialogTitle>
           <DialogDescription>
             Create a new slash command skill. It will be saved as a .md file.
           </DialogDescription>
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ export function CreateSkillDialog({
         <div className="space-y-4 py-2">
           {/* Name input */}
           <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label htmlFor="skill-name">Name</Label>
+            <Label htmlFor="skill-name">{t('skills.skillName')}</Label>
             <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
               <span className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">/</span>
               <Input
@@ -124,7 +126,7 @@ export function CreateSkillDialog({
 
           {/* Scope selection */}
           <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label>Scope</Label>
+            <Label>{t('skills.scope')}</Label>
             <div className="flex gap-2">
               <button
                 type="button"
@@ -137,7 +139,7 @@ export function CreateSkillDialog({
                 )}
               >
                 <HugeiconsIcon icon={FolderOpenIcon} className="h-4 w-4" />
-                Project
+                {t('skills.project')}
               </button>
               <button
                 type="button"
@@ -150,7 +152,7 @@ export function CreateSkillDialog({
                 )}
               >
                 <HugeiconsIcon icon={GlobeIcon} className="h-4 w-4" />
-                Global
+                {t('skills.global')}
               </button>
             </div>
             <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
@@ -162,11 +164,11 @@ export function CreateSkillDialog({
 
           {/* Template selection */}
           <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label>Template</Label>
+            <Label>{t('skills.template')}</Label>
             <div className="flex gap-2 flex-wrap">
-              {TEMPLATES.map((t, i) => (
+              {TEMPLATES.map((tpl, i) => (
                 <button
-                  key={t.label}
+                  key={tpl.label}
                   type="button"
                   onClick={() => setTemplateIdx(i)}
                   className={cn(
@@ -176,7 +178,7 @@ export function CreateSkillDialog({
                       : "border-border hover:bg-accent"
                   )}
                 >
-                  {t.label}
+                  {tpl.label}
                 </button>
               ))}
             </div>
@@ -191,11 +193,11 @@ export function CreateSkillDialog({
             onClick={() => onOpenChange(false)}
             disabled={creating}
           >
-            Cancel
+            {t('common.cancel')}
           </Button>
           <Button onClick={handleCreate} disabled={creating} className="gap-2">
             {creating && <HugeiconsIcon icon={Loading02Icon} className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin" />}
-            Create Skill
+            {t('skills.createSkill')}
           </Button>
         </DialogFooter>
       </DialogContent>

src/components/skills/SkillEditor.tsx

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import {
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 import ReactMarkdown from "react-markdown";
 import remarkGfm from "remark-gfm";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 import type { SkillItem } from "./SkillListItem";
 
 type ViewMode = "edit" | "preview" | "split";
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ interface SkillEditorProps {
 }
 
 export function SkillEditor({ skill, onSave, onDelete }: SkillEditorProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [content, setContent] = useState(skill.content);
   const [viewMode, setViewMode] = useState<ViewMode>("edit");
   const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false);
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@ export function SkillEditor({ skill, onSave, onDelete }: SkillEditorProps) {
                 <HugeiconsIcon icon={Edit02Icon} className="h-3 w-3" />
               </Button>
             </TooltipTrigger>
-            <TooltipContent>Edit</TooltipContent>
+            <TooltipContent>{t('skills.edit')}</TooltipContent>
           </Tooltip>
           <Tooltip>
             <TooltipTrigger asChild>
@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ export function SkillEditor({ skill, onSave, onDelete }: SkillEditorProps) {
                 <HugeiconsIcon icon={EyeIcon} className="h-3 w-3" />
               </Button>
             </TooltipTrigger>
-            <TooltipContent>Preview</TooltipContent>
+            <TooltipContent>{t('skills.preview')}</TooltipContent>
           </Tooltip>
           <Tooltip>
             <TooltipTrigger asChild>
@@ -177,7 +179,7 @@ export function SkillEditor({ skill, onSave, onDelete }: SkillEditorProps) {
                 <HugeiconsIcon icon={LayoutTwoColumnIcon} className="h-3 w-3" />
               </Button>
             </TooltipTrigger>
-            <TooltipContent>Split</TooltipContent>
+            <TooltipContent>{t('skills.splitView')}</TooltipContent>
           </Tooltip>
 
           <div className="w-px h-4 bg-border mx-1" />
@@ -194,7 +196,7 @@ export function SkillEditor({ skill, onSave, onDelete }: SkillEditorProps) {
             ) : (
               <HugeiconsIcon icon={FloppyDiskIcon} className="h-3 w-3" />
             )}
-            {saving ? "Saving" : saved ? "Saved" : "Save"}
+            {saving ? "Saving" : saved ? t('skills.saved') : t('skills.save')}
           </Button>
 
           {/* Delete */}
@@ -217,7 +219,7 @@ export function SkillEditor({ skill, onSave, onDelete }: SkillEditorProps) {
             onChange={(e) => setContent(e.target.value)}
             onKeyDown={handleKeyDown}
             className="h-full w-full resize-none rounded-none border-0 font-mono text-sm focus-visible:ring-0 focus-visible:ring-offset-0 min-h-[400px]"
-            placeholder="Write your skill prompt in Markdown..."
+            placeholder={t('skills.placeholder')}
           />
         )}
         {viewMode === "preview" && (
@@ -231,7 +233,7 @@ export function SkillEditor({ skill, onSave, onDelete }: SkillEditorProps) {
                 onChange={(e) => setContent(e.target.value)}
                 onKeyDown={handleKeyDown}
                 className="h-full w-full resize-none rounded-none border-0 font-mono text-sm focus-visible:ring-0 focus-visible:ring-offset-0"
-                placeholder="Write your skill prompt in Markdown..."
+                placeholder={t('skills.placeholder')}
               />
             </div>
             <div className="flex-1 min-w-0 overflow-auto">

src/components/skills/SkillListItem.tsx

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
 } from "@/components/ui/tooltip";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 import { useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 
 export interface SkillItem {
   name: string;
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ export function SkillListItem({
   onSelect,
   onDelete,
 }: SkillListItemProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [hovered, setHovered] = useState(false);
   const [confirmDelete, setConfirmDelete] = useState(false);
 
@@ -108,7 +110,7 @@ export function SkillListItem({
             </Button>
           </TooltipTrigger>
           <TooltipContent side="right">
-            {confirmDelete ? "Click again to confirm" : "Delete"}
+            {confirmDelete ? t('skills.deleteConfirm') : t('common.delete')}
           </TooltipContent>
         </Tooltip>
       )}

src/components/skills/SkillsManager.tsx

@@ -10,10 +10,12 @@ import { PlusSignIcon, Search01Icon, ZapIcon, Loading02Icon } from "@hugeicons/c
 import { SkillListItem } from "./SkillListItem";
 import { SkillEditor } from "./SkillEditor";
 import { CreateSkillDialog } from "./CreateSkillDialog";
+import { useTranslation } from "@/hooks/useTranslation";
 import type { SkillItem } from "./SkillListItem";
 
 export function SkillsManager() {
   const { workingDirectory } = usePanel();
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [skills, setSkills] = useState<SkillItem[]>([]);
   const [selected, setSelected] = useState<SkillItem | null>(null);
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
@@ -138,7 +140,7 @@ export function SkillsManager() {
       <div className="flex h-64 items-center justify-center">
         <HugeiconsIcon icon={Loading02Icon} className="h-5 w-5 animate-spin text-muted-foreground" />
         <span className="ml-2 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-          Loading skills...
+          {t('skills.loadingSkills')}
         </span>
       </div>
     );
@@ -148,10 +150,10 @@ export function SkillsManager() {
     <div className="flex flex-col h-full">
       {/* Header */}
       <div className="flex items-center gap-3 mb-4">
-        <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold flex-1">Skills</h3>
+        <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold flex-1">{t('extensions.skills')}</h3>
         <Button size="sm" onClick={() => setShowCreate(true)} className="gap-1">
           <HugeiconsIcon icon={PlusSignIcon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
-          New Skill
+          {t('skills.newSkill')}
         </Button>
       </div>
 
@@ -163,7 +165,7 @@ export function SkillsManager() {
             <div className="relative">
               <HugeiconsIcon icon={Search01Icon} className="absolute left-2 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 h-3.5 w-3.5 text-muted-foreground" />
               <Input
-                placeholder="Search skills..."
+                placeholder={t('skills.searchSkills')}
                 value={search}
                 onChange={(e) => setSearch(e.target.value)}
                 className="pl-7 h-8 text-sm"
@@ -236,7 +238,7 @@ export function SkillsManager() {
                 <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2 py-8 text-muted-foreground">
                   <HugeiconsIcon icon={ZapIcon} className="h-8 w-8 opacity-40" />
                   <p className="text-xs">
-                    {search ? "No skills match your search" : "No skills yet"}
+                    {search ? t('skills.noSkillsFound') : t('skills.noSkillsFound')}
                   </p>
                   {!search && (
                     <Button
@@ -268,9 +270,9 @@ export function SkillsManager() {
             <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center h-full text-muted-foreground gap-3">
               <HugeiconsIcon icon={ZapIcon} className="h-12 w-12 opacity-30" />
               <div className="text-center">
-                <p className="text-sm font-medium">No skill selected</p>
+                <p className="text-sm font-medium">{t('skills.noSelected')}</p>
                 <p className="text-xs">
-                  Select a skill from the list or create a new one
+                  {t('skills.selectOrCreate')}
                 </p>
               </div>
               <Button
@@ -280,7 +282,7 @@ export function SkillsManager() {
                 className="gap-1"
               >
                 <HugeiconsIcon icon={PlusSignIcon} className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
-                New Skill
+                {t('skills.newSkill')}
               </Button>
             </div>
           )}

src/hooks/useTranslation.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+'use client';
+
+import { useContext } from 'react';
+import { I18nContext } from '@/components/layout/I18nProvider';
+
+export function useTranslation() {
+  return useContext(I18nContext);
+}

src/i18n/en.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+/**
+ * English translations — source of truth.
+ * Every key defined here becomes part of the `TranslationKey` type.
+ * Other locale files must implement `Record<TranslationKey, string>`.
+ */
+const en = {
+  // ── Navigation ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'nav.chats': 'Chats',
+  'nav.extensions': 'Extensions',
+  'nav.settings': 'Settings',
+  'nav.autoApproveOn': 'Auto-approve is ON',
+  'nav.lightMode': 'Light mode',
+  'nav.darkMode': 'Dark mode',
+  'nav.toggleTheme': 'Toggle theme',
+
+  // ── Chat list panel ─────────────────────────────────────────
+  'chatList.justNow': 'just now',
+  'chatList.minutesAgo': '{n}m',
+  'chatList.hoursAgo': '{n}h',
+  'chatList.daysAgo': '{n}d',
+  'chatList.newConversation': 'New Conversation',
+  'chatList.delete': 'Delete',
+  'chatList.searchSessions': 'Search sessions...',
+  'chatList.noSessions': 'No sessions yet',
+  'chatList.importFromCli': 'Import from Claude CLI',
+  'chatList.addProjectFolder': 'Add project folder',
+
+  // ── Message list ────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'messageList.claudeChat': 'Claude Chat',
+  'messageList.emptyDescription': 'Start a conversation with Claude. Ask questions, get help with code, or explore ideas.',
+  'messageList.loadEarlier': 'Load earlier messages',
+  'messageList.loading': 'Loading...',
+
+  // ── Message input ───────────────────────────────────────────
+  'messageInput.attachFiles': 'Attach files',
+  'messageInput.helpDesc': 'Show available commands and tips',
+  'messageInput.clearDesc': 'Clear conversation history',
+  'messageInput.costDesc': 'Show token usage statistics',
+  'messageInput.compactDesc': 'Compress conversation context',
+  'messageInput.doctorDesc': 'Diagnose project health',
+  'messageInput.initDesc': 'Initialize CLAUDE.md for project',
+  'messageInput.reviewDesc': 'Review code quality',
+  'messageInput.terminalSetupDesc': 'Configure terminal settings',
+  'messageInput.memoryDesc': 'Edit project memory file',
+  'messageInput.modeCode': 'Code',
+  'messageInput.modePlan': 'Plan',
+
+  // ── Streaming message ───────────────────────────────────────
+  'streaming.thinking': 'Thinking...',
+  'streaming.allowForSession': 'Allow for Session',
+  'streaming.allowed': 'Allowed',
+  'streaming.denied': 'Denied',
+
+  // ── Chat view / session page ────────────────────────────────
+  'chat.newConversation': 'New Conversation',
+
+  // ── Settings: General ───────────────────────────────────────
+  'settings.title': 'Settings',
+  'settings.description': 'Manage CodePilot and Claude CLI settings',
+  'settings.general': 'General',
+  'settings.providers': 'Providers',
+  'settings.claudeCli': 'Claude CLI',
+  'settings.codepilot': 'CodePilot',
+  'settings.version': 'Version {version}',
+  'settings.checkForUpdates': 'Check for Updates',
+  'settings.checking': 'Checking...',
+  'settings.updateAvailable': 'Update available: v{version}',
+  'settings.viewRelease': 'View Release',
+  'settings.latestVersion': "You're on the latest version.",
+  'settings.autoApproveTitle': 'Auto-approve All Actions',
+  'settings.autoApproveDesc': 'Skip all permission checks and auto-approve every tool action. This is dangerous and should only be used for trusted tasks.',
+  'settings.autoApproveWarning': 'All tool actions will be auto-approved without confirmation. Use with caution.',
+  'settings.autoApproveDialogTitle': 'Enable Auto-approve All Actions?',
+  'settings.autoApproveDialogDesc': 'This will bypass all permission checks. Claude will be able to execute any tool action without asking for your confirmation, including:',
+  'settings.autoApproveShellCommands': 'Running arbitrary shell commands',
+  'settings.autoApproveFileOps': 'Reading, writing, and deleting files',
+  'settings.autoApproveNetwork': 'Making network requests',
+  'settings.autoApproveTrustWarning': 'Only enable this if you fully trust the task at hand. This setting applies to all new chat sessions.',
+  'settings.cancel': 'Cancel',
+  'settings.enableAutoApprove': 'Enable Auto-approve',
+  'settings.language': 'Language',
+  'settings.languageDesc': 'Choose the display language for the interface',
+
+  // ── Settings: CLI ───────────────────────────────────────────
+  'cli.permissions': 'Permissions',
+  'cli.permissionsDesc': 'Configure permission settings for Claude CLI',
+  'cli.envVars': 'Environment Variables',
+  'cli.envVarsDesc': 'Environment variables passed to Claude',
+  'cli.form': 'Form',
+  'cli.json': 'JSON',
+  'cli.save': 'Save',
+  'cli.format': 'Format',
+  'cli.reset': 'Reset',
+  'cli.settingsSaved': 'Settings saved successfully',
+  'cli.confirmSaveTitle': 'Confirm Save',
+  'cli.confirmSaveDesc': 'This will overwrite your current ~/.claude/settings.json file. Are you sure you want to continue?',
+
+  // ── Settings: Providers ─────────────────────────────────────
+  'provider.addProvider': 'Add Provider',
+  'provider.editProvider': 'Edit Provider',
+  'provider.deleteProvider': 'Delete Provider',
+  'provider.deleteConfirm': 'Are you sure you want to delete "{name}"? This action cannot be undone.',
+  'provider.deleting': 'Deleting...',
+  'provider.delete': 'Delete',
+  'provider.noProviders': 'No providers configured',
+  'provider.addToStart': 'Add a provider to get started',
+  'provider.quickPresets': 'Quick Presets',
+  'provider.customProviders': 'Custom Providers',
+  'provider.active': 'Active',
+  'provider.configured': 'Configured',
+  'provider.name': 'Name',
+  'provider.providerType': 'Provider Type',
+  'provider.apiKey': 'API Key',
+  'provider.baseUrl': 'Base URL',
+  'provider.advancedOptions': 'Advanced Options',
+  'provider.extraEnvVars': 'Extra Environment Variables',
+  'provider.notes': 'Notes',
+  'provider.notesPlaceholder': 'Optional notes about this provider...',
+  'provider.saving': 'Saving...',
+  'provider.update': 'Update',
+  'provider.envDetected': 'Detected from environment',
+
+  // ── Right panel / Files ─────────────────────────────────────
+  'panel.files': 'Files',
+  'panel.openPanel': 'Open panel',
+  'panel.closePanel': 'Close panel',
+
+  // ── File tree ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'fileTree.filterFiles': 'Filter files...',
+  'fileTree.refresh': 'Refresh',
+  'fileTree.noFiles': 'No files found',
+  'fileTree.selectFolder': 'Select a project folder to view files',
+
+  // ── File preview ────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'filePreview.backToTree': 'Back to file tree',
+  'filePreview.lines': '{count} lines',
+  'filePreview.copyPath': 'Copy path',
+  'filePreview.failedToLoad': 'Failed to load file',
+
+  // ── Doc preview ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'docPreview.htmlPreview': 'HTML Preview',
+
+  // ── Extensions page ─────────────────────────────────────────
+  'extensions.title': 'Extensions',
+  'extensions.skills': 'Skills',
+  'extensions.mcpServers': 'MCP Servers',
+
+  // ── Skills ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'skills.noSelected': 'No skill selected',
+  'skills.selectOrCreate': 'Select a skill from the list or create a new one',
+  'skills.newSkill': 'New Skill',
+  'skills.loadingSkills': 'Loading skills...',
+  'skills.noSkillsFound': 'No skills found',
+  'skills.searchSkills': 'Search skills...',
+  'skills.createSkill': 'Create Skill',
+  'skills.nameRequired': 'Name is required',
+  'skills.nameInvalid': 'Name can only contain letters, numbers, hyphens, and underscores',
+  'skills.skillName': 'Skill Name',
+  'skills.scope': 'Scope',
+  'skills.global': 'Global',
+  'skills.project': 'Project',
+  'skills.template': 'Template',
+  'skills.blank': 'Blank',
+  'skills.commitHelper': 'Commit Helper',
+  'skills.codeReviewer': 'Code Reviewer',
+  'skills.saved': 'Saved',
+  'skills.save': 'Save',
+  'skills.edit': 'Edit',
+  'skills.preview': 'Preview',
+  'skills.splitView': 'Split view',
+  'skills.deleteConfirm': 'Click again to confirm',
+  'skills.placeholder': 'Write your skill prompt in Markdown...',
+
+  // ── MCP ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'mcp.addServer': 'Add Server',
+  'mcp.loadingServers': 'Loading MCP servers...',
+  'mcp.serverConfig': 'MCP Server Configuration',
+  'mcp.noServers': 'No MCP servers configured',
+  'mcp.noServersDesc': "Add an MCP server to extend Claude's capabilities",
+  'mcp.arguments': 'Arguments:',
+  'mcp.environment': 'Environment:',
+  'mcp.listTab': 'List',
+  'mcp.jsonTab': 'JSON Config',
+  'mcp.editServer': 'Edit Server',
+  'mcp.serverName': 'Server Name',
+  'mcp.serverType': 'Server Type',
+  'mcp.command': 'Command',
+  'mcp.argsLabel': 'Arguments (one per line)',
+  'mcp.url': 'URL',
+  'mcp.headers': 'Headers (JSON)',
+  'mcp.envVars': 'Environment Variables (JSON)',
+  'mcp.formTab': 'Form',
+  'mcp.jsonEditTab': 'JSON',
+  'mcp.saveChanges': 'Save Changes',
+
+  // ── Folder picker ───────────────────────────────────────────
+  'folderPicker.title': 'Select a project folder',
+  'folderPicker.loading': 'Loading...',
+  'folderPicker.noSubdirs': 'No subdirectories',
+  'folderPicker.cancel': 'Cancel',
+  'folderPicker.select': 'Select This Folder',
+
+  // ── Import session dialog ───────────────────────────────────
+  'import.title': 'Import Session from Claude CLI',
+  'import.searchSessions': 'Search sessions...',
+  'import.noSessions': 'No sessions found',
+  'import.import': 'Import',
+  'import.importing': 'Importing...',
+  'import.justNow': 'just now',
+  'import.minutesAgo': '{n}m ago',
+  'import.hoursAgo': '{n}h ago',
+  'import.daysAgo': '{n}d ago',
+  'import.messages': '{n} msg',
+  'import.messagesPlural': '{n} msgs',
+
+  // ── Connection status ───────────────────────────────────────
+  'connection.notInstalled': 'Claude Code is not installed',
+  'connection.installed': 'Claude Code is installed',
+  'connection.version': 'Version: {version}',
+  'connection.installPrompt': 'To use Claude Code features, you need to install the Claude Code CLI.',
+  'connection.runCommand': 'Run the following command in your terminal:',
+  'connection.installAuto': 'Install Claude Code Automatically',
+  'connection.refresh': 'Refresh',
+  'connection.installClaude': 'Install Claude Code',
+
+  // ── Install wizard ──────────────────────────────────────────
+  'install.title': 'Install Claude Code',
+  'install.checkingPrereqs': 'Checking prerequisites...',
+  'install.alreadyInstalled': 'Claude Code is already installed',
+  'install.readyToInstall': 'Ready to install',
+  'install.installing': 'Installing Claude Code...',
+  'install.complete': 'Installation complete',
+  'install.failed': 'Installation failed',
+  'install.copyLogs': 'Copy Logs',
+  'install.copied': 'Copied',
+  'install.install': 'Install',
+  'install.cancel': 'Cancel',
+  'install.retry': 'Retry',
+  'install.done': 'Done',
+
+  // ── Task list ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'tasks.all': 'All',
+  'tasks.active': 'Active',
+  'tasks.done': 'Done',
+  'tasks.addPlaceholder': 'Add a task...',
+  'tasks.addTask': 'Add task',
+  'tasks.loading': 'Loading tasks...',
+  'tasks.noTasks': 'No tasks yet',
+  'tasks.noMatching': 'No matching tasks',
+
+  // ── Tool call block ─────────────────────────────────────────
+  'tool.running': 'running',
+  'tool.success': 'success',
+  'tool.error': 'error',
+
+  // ── Common ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'common.cancel': 'Cancel',
+  'common.save': 'Save',
+  'common.delete': 'Delete',
+  'common.loading': 'Loading...',
+  'common.close': 'Close',
+  'common.enabled': 'Enabled',
+  'common.disabled': 'Disabled',
+
+  // ── CLI dynamic field labels ──────────────────────────────
+  'cli.loadingSettings': 'Loading settings...',
+  'cli.field.skipDangerousModePermissionPrompt': 'Skip Dangerous Mode Permission Prompt',
+  'cli.field.verbose': 'Verbose',
+  'cli.field.theme': 'Theme',
+  'cli.formatError': 'Cannot format: invalid JSON',
+} as const;
+
+export type TranslationKey = keyof typeof en;
+export default en;

src/i18n/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import en, { type TranslationKey } from './en';
+import zh from './zh';
+
+export type { TranslationKey };
+
+export type Locale = 'en' | 'zh';
+
+export const SUPPORTED_LOCALES: { value: Locale; label: string }[] = [
+  { value: 'en', label: 'English' },
+  { value: 'zh', label: '中文' },
+];
+
+const dictionaries: Record<Locale, Record<TranslationKey, string>> = {
+  en,
+  zh,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Translate a key with optional parameter interpolation.
+ * Fallback chain: target locale → English → raw key.
+ */
+export function translate(
+  locale: Locale,
+  key: TranslationKey,
+  params?: Record<string, string | number>,
+): string {
+  const dict = dictionaries[locale] ?? en;
+  let text = dict[key] ?? en[key] ?? key;
+
+  if (params) {
+    for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(params)) {
+      text = text.replace(new RegExp(`\\{${k}\\}`, 'g'), String(v));
+    }
+  }
+
+  return text;
+}

src/i18n/zh.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+import type { TranslationKey } from './en';
+
+const zh: Record<TranslationKey, string> = {
+  // ── Navigation ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'nav.chats': '对话',
+  'nav.extensions': '扩展',
+  'nav.settings': '设置',
+  'nav.autoApproveOn': '自动批准已开启',
+  'nav.lightMode': '浅色模式',
+  'nav.darkMode': '深色模式',
+  'nav.toggleTheme': '切换主题',
+
+  // ── Chat list panel ─────────────────────────────────────────
+  'chatList.justNow': '刚刚',
+  'chatList.minutesAgo': '{n}分钟',
+  'chatList.hoursAgo': '{n}小时',
+  'chatList.daysAgo': '{n}天',
+  'chatList.newConversation': '新对话',
+  'chatList.delete': '删除',
+  'chatList.searchSessions': '搜索会话...',
+  'chatList.noSessions': '暂无会话',
+  'chatList.importFromCli': '从 Claude CLI 导入',
+  'chatList.addProjectFolder': '添加项目文件夹',
+
+  // ── Message list ────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'messageList.claudeChat': 'Claude 对话',
+  'messageList.emptyDescription': '开始与 Claude 对话。提问、获取代码帮助或探索想法。',
+  'messageList.loadEarlier': '加载更早的消息',
+  'messageList.loading': '加载中...',
+
+  // ── Message input ───────────────────────────────────────────
+  'messageInput.attachFiles': '附加文件',
+  'messageInput.helpDesc': '显示可用命令和提示',
+  'messageInput.clearDesc': '清除对话历史',
+  'messageInput.costDesc': '显示 Token 用量统计',
+  'messageInput.compactDesc': '压缩对话上下文',
+  'messageInput.doctorDesc': '诊断项目健康状况',
+  'messageInput.initDesc': '初始化项目 CLAUDE.md',
+  'messageInput.reviewDesc': '审查代码质量',
+  'messageInput.terminalSetupDesc': '配置终端设置',
+  'messageInput.memoryDesc': '编辑项目记忆文件',
+  'messageInput.modeCode': '代码',
+  'messageInput.modePlan': '计划',
+
+  // ── Streaming message ───────────────────────────────────────
+  'streaming.thinking': '思考中...',
+  'streaming.allowForSession': '本次会话允许',
+  'streaming.allowed': '已允许',
+  'streaming.denied': '已拒绝',
+
+  // ── Chat view / session page ────────────────────────────────
+  'chat.newConversation': '新对话',
+
+  // ── Settings: General ───────────────────────────────────────
+  'settings.title': '设置',
+  'settings.description': '管理 CodePilot 和 Claude CLI 设置',
+  'settings.general': '通用',
+  'settings.providers': '服务商',
+  'settings.claudeCli': 'Claude CLI',
+  'settings.codepilot': 'CodePilot',
+  'settings.version': '版本 {version}',
+  'settings.checkForUpdates': '检查更新',
+  'settings.checking': '检查中...',
+  'settings.updateAvailable': '有新版本：v{version}',
+  'settings.viewRelease': '查看发布',
+  'settings.latestVersion': '已是最新版本。',
+  'settings.autoApproveTitle': '自动批准所有操作',
+  'settings.autoApproveDesc': '跳过所有权限检查并自动批准每个工具操作。这很危险，仅应用于受信任的任务。',
+  'settings.autoApproveWarning': '所有工具操作将在无确认的情况下自动批准。请谨慎使用。',
+  'settings.autoApproveDialogTitle': '启用自动批准所有操作？',
+  'settings.autoApproveDialogDesc': '这将绕过所有权限检查。Claude 将能够在不征求您确认的情况下执行任何工具操作，包括：',
+  'settings.autoApproveShellCommands': '运行任意 Shell 命令',
+  'settings.autoApproveFileOps': '读取、写入和删除文件',
+  'settings.autoApproveNetwork': '发起网络请求',
+  'settings.autoApproveTrustWarning': '仅在您完全信任当前任务时才启用此选项。此设置适用于所有新的聊天会话。',
+  'settings.cancel': '取消',
+  'settings.enableAutoApprove': '启用自动批准',
+  'settings.language': '语言',
+  'settings.languageDesc': '选择界面显示语言',
+
+  // ── Settings: CLI ───────────────────────────────────────────
+  'cli.permissions': '权限',
+  'cli.permissionsDesc': '配置 Claude CLI 的权限设置',
+  'cli.envVars': '环境变量',
+  'cli.envVarsDesc': '传递给 Claude 的环境变量',
+  'cli.form': '表单',
+  'cli.json': 'JSON',
+  'cli.save': '保存',
+  'cli.format': '格式化',
+  'cli.reset': '重置',
+  'cli.settingsSaved': '设置已保存',
+  'cli.confirmSaveTitle': '确认保存',
+  'cli.confirmSaveDesc': '这将覆盖您当前的 ~/.claude/settings.json 文件。确定要继续吗？',
+
+  // ── Settings: Providers ─────────────────────────────────────
+  'provider.addProvider': '添加服务商',
+  'provider.editProvider': '编辑服务商',
+  'provider.deleteProvider': '删除服务商',
+  'provider.deleteConfirm': '确定要删除"{name}"吗？此操作无法撤销。',
+  'provider.deleting': '删除中...',
+  'provider.delete': '删除',
+  'provider.noProviders': '未配置服务商',
+  'provider.addToStart': '添加服务商以开始使用',
+  'provider.quickPresets': '快速预设',
+  'provider.customProviders': '自定义服务商',
+  'provider.active': '活跃',
+  'provider.configured': '已配置',
+  'provider.name': '名称',
+  'provider.providerType': '服务商类型',
+  'provider.apiKey': 'API 密钥',
+  'provider.baseUrl': '基础 URL',
+  'provider.advancedOptions': '高级选项',
+  'provider.extraEnvVars': '额外环境变量',
+  'provider.notes': '备注',
+  'provider.notesPlaceholder': '关于此服务商的可选备注...',
+  'provider.saving': '保存中...',
+  'provider.update': '更新',
+  'provider.envDetected': '从环境变量检测到',
+
+  // ── Right panel / Files ─────────────────────────────────────
+  'panel.files': '文件',
+  'panel.openPanel': '打开面板',
+  'panel.closePanel': '关闭面板',
+
+  // ── File tree ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'fileTree.filterFiles': '筛选文件...',
+  'fileTree.refresh': '刷新',
+  'fileTree.noFiles': '未找到文件',
+  'fileTree.selectFolder': '选择项目文件夹以查看文件',
+
+  // ── File preview ────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'filePreview.backToTree': '返回文件树',
+  'filePreview.lines': '{count} 行',
+  'filePreview.copyPath': '复制路径',
+  'filePreview.failedToLoad': '加载文件失败',
+
+  // ── Doc preview ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'docPreview.htmlPreview': 'HTML 预览',
+
+  // ── Extensions page ─────────────────────────────────────────
+  'extensions.title': '扩展',
+  'extensions.skills': '技能',
+  'extensions.mcpServers': 'MCP 服务器',
+
+  // ── Skills ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'skills.noSelected': '未选择技能',
+  'skills.selectOrCreate': '从列表中选择一个技能或创建新技能',
+  'skills.newSkill': '新建技能',
+  'skills.loadingSkills': '加载技能中...',
+  'skills.noSkillsFound': '未找到技能',
+  'skills.searchSkills': '搜索技能...',
+  'skills.createSkill': '创建技能',
+  'skills.nameRequired': '名称为必填项',
+  'skills.nameInvalid': '名称只能包含字母、数字、连字符和下划线',
+  'skills.skillName': '技能名称',
+  'skills.scope': '作用域',
+  'skills.global': '全局',
+  'skills.project': '项目',
+  'skills.template': '模板',
+  'skills.blank': '空白',
+  'skills.commitHelper': '提交助手',
+  'skills.codeReviewer': '代码审查',
+  'skills.saved': '已保存',
+  'skills.save': '保存',
+  'skills.edit': '编辑',
+  'skills.preview': '预览',
+  'skills.splitView': '分屏视图',
+  'skills.deleteConfirm': '再次点击以确认',
+  'skills.placeholder': '用 Markdown 编写技能提示词...',
+
+  // ── MCP ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'mcp.addServer': '添加服务器',
+  'mcp.loadingServers': '加载 MCP 服务器中...',
+  'mcp.serverConfig': 'MCP 服务器配置',
+  'mcp.noServers': '未配置 MCP 服务器',
+  'mcp.noServersDesc': '添加 MCP 服务器以扩展 Claude 的能力',
+  'mcp.arguments': '参数：',
+  'mcp.environment': '环境变量：',
+  'mcp.listTab': '列表',
+  'mcp.jsonTab': 'JSON 配置',
+  'mcp.editServer': '编辑服务器',
+  'mcp.serverName': '服务器名称',
+  'mcp.serverType': '服务器类型',
+  'mcp.command': '命令',
+  'mcp.argsLabel': '参数（每行一个）',
+  'mcp.url': 'URL',
+  'mcp.headers': '请求头（JSON）',
+  'mcp.envVars': '环境变量（JSON）',
+  'mcp.formTab': '表单',
+  'mcp.jsonEditTab': 'JSON',
+  'mcp.saveChanges': '保存更改',
+
+  // ── Folder picker ───────────────────────────────────────────
+  'folderPicker.title': '选择项目文件夹',
+  'folderPicker.loading': '加载中...',
+  'folderPicker.noSubdirs': '无子目录',
+  'folderPicker.cancel': '取消',
+  'folderPicker.select': '选择此文件夹',
+
+  // ── Import session dialog ───────────────────────────────────
+  'import.title': '从 Claude CLI 导入会话',
+  'import.searchSessions': '搜索会话...',
+  'import.noSessions': '未找到会话',
+  'import.import': '导入',
+  'import.importing': '导入中...',
+  'import.justNow': '刚刚',
+  'import.minutesAgo': '{n}分钟前',
+  'import.hoursAgo': '{n}小时前',
+  'import.daysAgo': '{n}天前',
+  'import.messages': '{n} 条消息',
+  'import.messagesPlural': '{n} 条消息',
+
+  // ── Connection status ───────────────────────────────────────
+  'connection.notInstalled': 'Claude Code 未安装',
+  'connection.installed': 'Claude Code 已安装',
+  'connection.version': '版本：{version}',
+  'connection.installPrompt': '要使用 Claude Code 功能，您需要安装 Claude Code CLI。',
+  'connection.runCommand': '在终端中运行以下命令：',
+  'connection.installAuto': '自动安装 Claude Code',
+  'connection.refresh': '刷新',
+  'connection.installClaude': '安装 Claude Code',
+
+  // ── Install wizard ──────────────────────────────────────────
+  'install.title': '安装 Claude Code',
+  'install.checkingPrereqs': '检查前置条件...',
+  'install.alreadyInstalled': 'Claude Code 已安装',
+  'install.readyToInstall': '准备安装',
+  'install.installing': '正在安装 Claude Code...',
+  'install.complete': '安装完成',
+  'install.failed': '安装失败',
+  'install.copyLogs': '复制日志',
+  'install.copied': '已复制',
+  'install.install': '安装',
+  'install.cancel': '取消',
+  'install.retry': '重试',
+  'install.done': '完成',
+
+  // ── Task list ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'tasks.all': '全部',
+  'tasks.active': '进行中',
+  'tasks.done': '已完成',
+  'tasks.addPlaceholder': '添加任务...',
+  'tasks.addTask': '添加任务',
+  'tasks.loading': '加载任务中...',
+  'tasks.noTasks': '暂无任务',
+  'tasks.noMatching': '无匹配任务',
+
+  // ── Tool call block ─────────────────────────────────────────
+  'tool.running': '运行中',
+  'tool.success': '成功',
+  'tool.error': '错误',
+
+  // ── Common ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  'common.cancel': '取消',
+  'common.save': '保存',
+  'common.delete': '删除',
+  'common.loading': '加载中...',
+  'common.close': '关闭',
+  'common.enabled': '已启用',
+  'common.disabled': '已禁用',
+
+  // ── CLI dynamic field labels ──────────────────────────────
+  'cli.loadingSettings': '加载设置中...',
+  'cli.field.skipDangerousModePermissionPrompt': '跳过危险模式权限提示',
+  'cli.field.verbose': '详细日志',
+  'cli.field.theme': '主题',
+  'cli.formatError': '无法格式化：无效的 JSON',
+};
+
+export default zh;