GPT-Load

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GPT-Load is a self-hosted multi-provider AI gateway written in Go. A single binary with an embedded admin UI manages channel presets and encrypted credentials while exposing OpenAI, Anthropic, and Gemini-compatible client endpoints.

For the maintained 1.4.x release documentation, visit the official documentation.

Sponsors

	Thanks to TeamoRouter for sponsoring this project! TeamoRouter is an enterprise-grade Agentic LLM gateway that lets developers, AI teams, and businesses access Claude Code, Codex, Gemini CLI, and other AI agents through one unified API without separate subscriptions, with discounts of up to 90%. It connects to official providers and trusted partners like OpenAI, Anthropic, Vertex, Azure, and AWS Bedrock, offering verified Agent protocol compatibility, request traceability, near-official TTFT, 99.6% SLA, and up to 5,000 QPM. It also includes centralized billing, team management, BYOK, smart routing, analytics, provider optimization, and dedicated support. Teamo Desktop enables one-click setup with no API key management or manual configuration, and new users can register via this link for 10% off their first top-up.
	Thanks to Unity2.ai for sponsoring this project! Unity2.ai is a high-performance AI model API relay platform for individual developers, teams, and enterprises. It has long served leading enterprises in China, handles over 30 billion token calls per day, and supports 5000 RPM high concurrency. It supports balance billing, first top-up bonuses, bundled subscriptions, enterprise invoicing, and dedicated integration support. Register via this link to receive a $2 balance; join the official group for another $10 balance, up to $12 in free credits.
	Thank you very much for the support from the LINUX DO community!
	This project is supported by DigitalOcean.

2.0 release status

Warning

2.0 is a pre-release local candidate. M3/M4 candidate code and retained local verification evidence exist, but release exit and publication are not complete. No v2.0.0 tag, GitHub Release, public binary, or public container image has been verified as available. A checkout or branch is not release evidence.

2.0 is a greenfield rewrite whose data is incompatible with 1.x and earlier pre-release 2.x builds. During pre-release development, use an empty dedicated database with a matching new encryption key. main remains the 1.4.x maintenance line. The release contract reserves explicit 2, 2.0, and v2.0.0 container tags and does not move latest automatically; these names do not imply that images have been published.

2.0 capabilities

• Two planes: provider-native paths on the data plane; management APIs under /api, with the admin UI embedded in the same Go binary.
• Four client protocols: OpenAI Completions, OpenAI Responses, Anthropic Messages, and Gemini requests keep their public endpoints. Each channel declares its supported native and converted operations; unsupported feature combinations fail before dispatch.
• Channel and traffic management: Users select a searchable code-defined channel, then enter models and encrypted credentials. GPT-Load owns AccessKey filtering, cross-Group credential scheduling, retry decisions, health state, cooldown, blacklist, and automatic weights.
• Provider execution: The official Bifrost Core Go SDK maintains provider-specific authentication, request/response conversion, streaming, normalized usage, and provider errors. GPT-Load pins one selected credential per logical attempt and disables Bifrost's configured retry and fallback policy.
• Codex and Claude subscriptions: OpenAI Groups can use API keys or Codex browser OAuth/CPA JSON accounts. The separate Claude channel accepts Claude browser OAuth/CPA JSON accounts, while the existing Anthropic channel continues to use API keys. Both subscription channels share GPT-Load's scheduling, retry, health, weight, and affinity behavior, and their credentials stay encrypted.
• Control and observability: runtime settings, route inspection, health views, RequestLog, and a Chinese, English, and Japanese admin UI.
• Usage and estimated cost: usage extraction for the four protocols where the endpoint returns generation usage, 24-hour/30-day reports, per-request quality states, exact four-slot model prices synchronized from Models.dev where available, and user-managed prices.

The M3 control-plane UI and M4 usage/pricing scope are present in the local candidate, but their formal exit and public release are unfinished. Prices and costs are best-effort estimates derived from upstream usage and the active pricing rules. They are not a billing ledger, invoice, or provider bill, and historical requests are not repriced.

Warning

Claude subscription OAuth and execution rely on a pinned, compatibility-sensitive CPA contract rather than the Anthropic API-key contract. Upstream changes may require a reviewed CPA bridge update; validate the channel with an authorized account before production use.

2.0.0 support boundaries

• Correctness is guaranteed for a single application instance only; multi-instance coordination is not supported.
• Supports SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL through one unified DATABASE_DSN configuration. The current release targets the latest stable versions of these three engines; other database products are not supported.
• The AccessKey and runtime configuration select the Group. A Group never appears in the data-plane URL.
• Client protocol filters use openai-completions, openai-responses, anthropic, or gemini. A Group stores one channel_id; the code-owned channel preset determines provider behavior, accepted client protocols, credential schema, discovery, and Models.dev mapping.
• OpenAI Responses resource routing has no Key affinity. Stateful turns using previous_response_id or conversation, and later retrieve/delete/cancel/input-item calls, are reliable only with one upstream Key or an upstream that shares resource storage across Keys. Otherwise the selected upstream may return a resource-not-found error.
• Channel credentials must be encrypted at rest with no plaintext fallback. 2.0.0 has no master-key rotation; migrate-keys remains an explicitly failing deferred command.
• There is no automatic migration or reverse synchronization from 1.x or earlier pre-release 2.x schemas. The current baseline initializes an empty database; future schema changes will append migrations from this baseline.
• There is no online billing reconciliation, online backup API, or backup CLI. Models.dev synchronization supplies estimation metadata only; it is not a provider bill or invoice.

Quick start

Docker Compose

The candidate 2.x Compose contract references ghcr.io/tbphp/gpt-load:2, container path /app/data, and the gpt-load-data named volume. This is a local contract, not proof that the image is publicly available. It never uses latest. Check the current checkout first:

cp .env.example .env
docker compose config

Continue only if the resolved configuration uses image ghcr.io/tbphp/gpt-load:2, sets the container environment to HOST=0.0.0.0 and DATA_DIR=/app/data, leaves DATABASE_DSN empty/absent so the process selects managed /app/data/gpt-load.db, publishes the host side on ${BIND_ADDRESS:-127.0.0.1}, and mounts a named volume at /app/data. The service has no fixed container_name, so Compose project names provide instance isolation. If the public image is unavailable, use the commented local build override instead of assuming it was published.

After those preconditions and image/build availability are met:

docker compose up -d
curl --fail http://localhost:3001/health
# If AUTH_KEY was generated on first boot, read it once in a secure terminal
# and immediately store it in a secret manager.
docker compose exec gpt-load sh -c 'cat /app/data/auth.key'

The named volume preserves the default SQLite database, auth.key, and encryption.key. Production deployments should inject explicit AUTH_KEY and ENCRYPTION_KEY values through protected secret handling. Never commit real secrets to .env, logs, or issues. A MySQL or PostgreSQL DATABASE_DSN is operator-managed and should be supplied through the deployment secret/configuration system.

Compose listens on all interfaces only inside the container while publishing to host loopback by default. It also publishes the provider-fixed OAuth callbacks for Codex on 127.0.0.1:1455 and Claude on 127.0.0.1:54545; keep both on loopback unless the network boundary is explicitly controlled. Because these callback ports are fixed by their OAuth clients, only one default Compose instance on a host can expose them at a time. In Docker, SSH, or remote-browser deployments where browser localhost does not reach GPT-Load, copy the complete callback URL into the authorization dialog. Setting BIND_ADDRESS=0.0.0.0, OAUTH_CALLBACK_BIND_ADDRESS=0.0.0.0, or running a native binary with HOST=0.0.0.0, is an explicit opt-in. In production, expose either only behind a controlled network boundary with a TLS reverse proxy and ACL/firewall controls.

Native binary

After publication, download the platform-matching artifact from the GitHub Release and verify it against SHA256SUMS. Until release assets actually exist, build from the current checkout as shown under “Build and verification”; do not assume that an artifact has been published.

Linux amd64 example:

chmod +x ./gpt-load-linux-amd64
mkdir -p ./data
HOST=127.0.0.1 DATA_DIR=./data ./gpt-load-linux-amd64

In another terminal:

curl --fail http://localhost:3001/health

Then open http://localhost:3001 in a browser.

AUTH_KEY and ENCRYPTION_KEY may both be supplied explicitly. When left empty, first boot creates and reuses ${DATA_DIR}/auth.key and ${DATA_DIR}/encryption.key, respectively. The application logs generated file paths, never their secret contents.

Native data plane

Data-plane requests use an AccessKey. Provider-compatible credentials are accepted through Authorization: Bearer, x-api-key, x-goog-api-key, or Gemini's key query parameter as appropriate.

Provider	Method and path	Behavior
OpenAI	POST /v1/chat/completions	Native OpenAI Completions request
OpenAI	/v1/responses and /v1/responses/...	Native OpenAI Responses namespace; ordinary HTTP methods are forwarded
OpenAI / Anthropic	GET /v1/models	OpenAI shape by default; Anthropic shape when anthropic-version is present
Anthropic	POST /v1/messages	Native Anthropic Messages request
Gemini	GET /v1beta/models	Native Gemini model list
Gemini	POST /v1beta/models/{model}:generateContent	Gemini non-streaming generation
Gemini	POST /v1beta/models/{model}:streamGenerateContent	Gemini streaming generation

The AccessKey and runtime configuration select the Group; it is not passed as a URL path segment. The selected channel determines whether an operation is native or converted. Conversion is capability-gated and never treated as arbitrary lossless JSON transformation.

The canonical client protocol filter values and display names are:

Configuration value	Display name
openai-completions	OpenAI Completions
openai-responses	OpenAI Responses
anthropic	Anthropic
gemini	Gemini

The built-in openai channel supports both OpenAI client protocols. Other official, curated, compatible, and cloud channels expose only the operations and features declared by their code-owned presets; users do not configure protocol checkboxes per Group.

Responses routing uses the namespace boundary, not a per-resource allowlist. After AccessKey authentication, /v1/responses and its ordinary subpaths are sent through the same scheduler and execution pipeline. Decoded . or .. path segments are rejected locally so normalization or redirects cannot escape the authorized namespace. OPTIONS, CONNECT, and TRACE are also rejected locally; other methods, including GET, POST, DELETE, and HEAD, are forwarded. Paths and queries are preserved within Go URL normalization: decoded URL.Path is re-encoded and RawPath is not retained. GPT-Load does not search other Credentials for a resource ID; the selected upstream's response, including a resource-not-found error, is returned through the normal response-safety boundary.

A Group whose channel supports Responses may keep an empty model list and still serve model-free Responses resource endpoints. Requests that include a model, including ordinary create requests, still require a configured model route.

Warning

2.0.0 does not implement Responses affinity. Stateful multi-turn requests using previous_response_id or conversation, and resource operations on an earlier response ID, may reach a different Group/Credential and receive an upstream 404. Use a single Credential, stateless item replay with store: false, or an upstream with shared resource storage until affinity is implemented.

Responses create and compact requests participate in usage extraction. Retrieve, delete, cancel, input-items, input-token-count, and unknown extension subpaths are recorded with usage not_applicable. Discovery and validation are selected by the channel preset rather than by user-configured protocol checkboxes.

OpenAI Completions example:

curl http://127.0.0.1:3001/v1/chat/completions \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $GPT_LOAD_ACCESS_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"model":"<MODEL_ID>","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"Hello"}]}'

Responses example:

curl http://127.0.0.1:3001/v1/responses \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $GPT_LOAD_ACCESS_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"model":"<MODEL_ID>","input":"Hello","store":false}'

The official OpenAI SDK can use the same native endpoint:

import os
from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI(
    base_url="http://127.0.0.1:3001/v1",
    api_key=os.environ["GPT_LOAD_ACCESS_KEY"],
)
response = client.responses.create(
    model="<MODEL_ID>",
    input="Hello",
    store=False,
)
print(response.output_text)

Management, usage, and cost

The admin UI is served at /, and management APIs are under /api; both use AUTH_KEY. The UI covers the searchable channel directory, Groups, encrypted credentials, AccessKeys, runtime settings, health, logs, route inspection, Usage, and model-price management. Current code and UI are the management API reference; this README intentionally avoids copying a route list that can drift.

Automatic catalog synchronization is enabled by default and uses the control plane to fetch the fixed endpoint https://models.dev/api.json; startup remains asynchronous and can use the durable last-known-good catalog. Manual synchronization remains available. Data-plane requests never contact Models.dev.

Usage/Cost quality boundaries:

• complete and partial usage contribute their known token dimensions; missing usage contributes only request and quality counts.
• priced requests contribute their known estimated cost. pricing_partial retains the calculable portion while reporting incomplete price coverage; unpriced requests are never assigned guessed prices.
• A clean EOF on a stream does not guarantee complete usage, and compatible relays may omit the provider's official terminal usage.
• Prices match the exact (channel_id, upstream model) identity. Models.dev is the sole automatic source; explicit user overrides and the existing fallback rules remain available. The four flat slots are input, output, cache read, and cache write; an explicit zero means free, while an unset slot remains unavailable.
• Price changes affect future writes only. Historical RequestLog and UsageStat rows are not recalculated.
• Current-process dropped/write-failure counters and durable database-window aggregates have different scopes.

Core configuration

Variable	Default	Purpose
HOST	127.0.0.1	Native HTTP listen address; 0.0.0.0 is an explicit opt-in. The release container overrides this to 0.0.0.0 internally
BIND_ADDRESS	127.0.0.1	Compose host-side publish address; not a process setting
OAUTH_CALLBACK_BIND_ADDRESS	127.0.0.1	Compose host-side address for the fixed Codex (1455) and Claude (54545) OAuth callback ports
PORT	3001	HTTP listen port
DATA_DIR	./data	Native persistent directory; the container overrides it to /app/data
DATABASE_DSN	empty → ${DATA_DIR}/gpt-load.db	Empty selects managed SQLite. Non-empty values use one of sqlite, mysql, or postgres URL forms and are operator-managed
AUTH_KEY	generated keyfile	Management bearer credential; an explicit value cannot contain whitespace; otherwise reads or creates ${DATA_DIR}/auth.key
ENCRYPTION_KEY	generated keyfile	Master key for encrypted channel credentials; otherwise reads or creates ${DATA_DIR}/encryption.key
MODELS_DEV_AUTO_SYNC_ENABLED	unset	Optional strict boolean override for Models.dev automatic synchronization; unset uses the runtime setting, which defaults to enabled
GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT	10	Graceful shutdown timeout in seconds
READ_TIMEOUT	60	Maximum time to read a complete request, in seconds
IDLE_TIMEOUT	120	Keep-alive idle timeout in seconds
CONTAINER_STOP_GRACE_PERIOD	15s	Compose stop budget; must exceed the application shutdown timeout
LOG_LEVEL	info	Application log level
LOG_FORMAT	text	Log format: text or json

See .env.example for the complete process configuration. Native-response/stream-first-event, total-request, and stream-idle timeouts plus RequestLog retention are runtime settings managed through the admin UI/API, not additional environment variables. Buffered converted unary calls use the total-request timeout because the SDK does not expose a response-start signal.

DATABASE_DSN uses one common URL contract; do not add a separate database type variable or engine-specific application settings. Examples:

sqlite:///var/lib/gpt-load.db
mysql://user:password@db.example:3306/gpt_load?charset=utf8mb4&collation=utf8mb4_bin
postgres://user:password@db.example:5432/gpt_load?sslmode=require

The empty value is the only application-managed database mode. A non-empty SQLite path/URL and all MySQL/PostgreSQL URLs are external, operator-managed values.

Persistence and security

• Database ownership follows only the raw DATABASE_DSN: empty means the managed SQLite DB/WAL/SHM under ${DATA_DIR}; every non-empty value means an external, operator-owned database that GPT-Load does not mkdir, chmod, or create database users for and that must be backed up separately.
• Secret ownership is independent of database ownership. For each secret, /api/system/info reports key_file or environment: archive a reported key_file (auth.key or encryption.key) from DATA_DIR regardless of the database source, or restore an environment secret separately from the protected external secret system.
• On POSIX, managed ${DATA_DIR} is restricted to 0700 and managed DB/WAL/SHM plus application-created key files to 0600. Windows uses current-user-only ACLs, but the Windows runtime stop/ACL gate has not been executed for this candidate.
• Losing the matching encryption.key, from either source, makes encrypted channel credentials unrecoverable. 2.0.0 has no automatic repair or master-key rotation.
• Managed SQLite uses WAL. Before backing it up, stop incoming traffic and wait for a clean exit: use SIGTERM on POSIX, or Ctrl+C, Ctrl+Break, or the service manager's stop action on Windows. External MySQL/PostgreSQL backups must follow the operator's engine-native backup procedure.
• Never paste AUTH_KEY, ENCRYPTION_KEY, AccessKeys, or channel credentials into logs, public issues, screenshots, or ordinary backup manifests.

Public operations baseline

This checklist is self-contained and does not require access to the project's private Notion workspace:

1. Determine the database source and location from the actual environment, service, or container configuration, then call authenticated GET /api/system/info to record the selected database driver and each secret's safe source/path metadata without recording secret values. The endpoint deliberately omits the database DSN, credentials, and location.
2. Stop incoming traffic and wait for a clean process exit using the POSIX or Windows mechanism above. With Compose, run docker compose stop and confirm the service container is stopped.
3. Build the complete recovery set across both independent axes: archive managed DB/WAL/SHM when DATABASE_DSN is empty, or back up the external DB with its operator procedure when non-empty; for both database cases, archive every key_file reported for auth/encryption and recover every environment secret from its protected external secret system. Use unique archive names, refuse overwrite, restrict access, and record SHA-256.
4. Restore both the database and secret sides with the exact same binary or image into an empty target. Verify checksums first and restore the exact matching encryption key; never combine restore with an upgrade.
5. Start the restored instance and verify /health, /api/system/info, Groups, AccessKeys, model prices, Usage, RequestLog, and a real data-plane canary. For managed SQLite, stop the instance and require PRAGMA quick_check to return ok; for MySQL/PostgreSQL, use the operator's native consistency check.

2.0.0 has no backup CLI or encryption-key rotation. Never replace the encryption key for an existing database.

Moving from 1.x

2.0 cannot open, import, or upgrade a 1.x database in place, and it must not reuse a 1.x DATA_DIR. The recommended flow is:

1. Keep 1.x running and verify that its backup can be restored.
2. Give 2.0 a separate port, DATA_DIR, database, and Compose project/named volume. Do not share any of these with 1.x.
3. Manually rebuild the minimum Groups, channel credentials, AccessKeys, and rules; validate the required client protocols, logs, and usage/cost in isolation.
4. Move entry traffic during a maintenance window or small rollout. On failure, stop 2.0 and switch back to the original 1.x deployment; do not reverse-import new 2.0 data.

latest is not a safe 1.x-to-2.0 upgrade channel. Use the public operations baseline above for backup and restore, and keep the original 1.x deployment and data intact until the rollback window closes.

Build and verification

Baseline tools: Go 1.26.6, Node.js >=24.11.0, and pnpm 11.17.0.

Build the single binary with its embedded admin UI:

make build

Full local quality gates:

make check

Frontend unit tests and browser E2E tests are not part of the project workflow. Frontend verification consists of dependency installation, linting, formatting, type-checking, and building.

2.0.0 is expected to provide five native raw binaries plus SHA256SUMS, a CycloneDX SBOM, and project/third-party license notices:

• gpt-load-linux-amd64
• gpt-load-linux-arm64
• gpt-load-macos-amd64
• gpt-load-macos-arm64
• gpt-load-windows-amd64.exe

These are the expected names in the release contract, not a claim that a downloadable GitHub Release already exists.

License and security

GPT-Load is released under the MIT License. Distributed third-party notices are listed in THIRD_PARTY_NOTICES.md, with license texts under LICENSES/. Report vulnerabilities through the process in SECURITY.md.